(国际经济与贸易英文版ppt课件)Chapter_7_--International_trade_term.ppt

Chapter7InternationalTradeTermsLearning Objectivesn n1.To understand the role of trade terms;n n2.To understand the 6 commonly used trade terms;n n3.To learn the other 7 trade terms.1.Trade Terms and International Rules and Practices Relating to Trade Termspp Tradeterms,also known as price terms or delivery terms,are standardized terms used in sales contracts that describe the place and manner for the transfer of goods from the seller to the buyer.贸易术语（贸易术语（trade termstrade terms）,又称价格术语又称价格术语,交货条件，是一交货条件，是一些标准化的英文缩写，它们对买卖双方在交易过程中有关些标准化的英文缩写，它们对买卖双方在交易过程中有关手续、责任、风险及费用的划分作出了明确的规定。

手续、责任、风险及费用的划分作出了明确的规定DefinitionoftradetermsComponents of Trade Termsn nE.g.“US$100 per dozen FOB New York”US$US$100100 per dozenper dozen FOB New YorkFOB New York Currency price per unit measurement unit trade terms Currency price per unit measurement unit trade termsWhy are trade terms necessary?n nTherearedifferenttradingpracticeindifferentcountries;Therearedifferenttradingpracticeindifferentcountries;n nTherearevariousrisksandcostsinvolvedinanTherearevariousrisksandcostsinvolvedinaninternationaltrade;internationaltrade;IfthesellersandbuyersininternationalcontractswantIfthesellersandbuyersininternationalcontractswanttheirdealstobesuccessfullycompleted,theyhavetotheirdealstobesuccessfullycompleted,theyhavetomakecleartoeachothertheirrespectiveobligationsandmakecleartoeachothertheirrespectiveobligationsandfindthefullexpressionofthoseinthetradeterms.findthefullexpressionofthoseinthetradeterms.Inordertoavoid,oratleastreducetheuncertaintiesofInordertoavoid,oratleastreducetheuncertaintiesofdifferentinterpretationsofsuchtermsindifferentdifferentinterpretationsofsuchtermsindifferentcountries,commonrulesshouldbesetup.countries,commonrulesshouldbesetup.Internationalrules&practicesontradetermsn n1.Warsaw-OxfordRules1932(W.O.Rules,1932)1.Warsaw-OxfordRules1932(W.O.Rules,1932)-ThisrulewasdraftedbytheAssociationofInternationalLaw-ThisrulewasdraftedbytheAssociationofInternationalLawin1932.Itcontains21clauses,whichonlystipulatethein1932.Itcontains21clauses,whichonlystipulatethenatureofnatureofCIFcontractCIFcontract,andthecharges,risksandobligations,andthecharges,risksandobligationswhichshouldbebornebythesellerorthebuyer.whichshouldbebornebythesellerorthebuyer.该规则是由国际法协会于该规则是由国际法协会于19281928年在波兰的华沙开会制定的，年在波兰的华沙开会制定的，19321932年在英国的牛津作了修订。

它是专门为解释年在英国的牛津作了修订它是专门为解释CIFCIF贸易术贸易术语而制订的，对语而制订的，对CIFCIF买卖合同的性质作了说明，并具体规定买卖合同的性质作了说明，并具体规定了在了在CIFCIF合同中买卖双方所承担的费用、责任和风险合同中买卖双方所承担的费用、责任和风险2.Revised American Foreign Trade Definitions 19412.Revised American Foreign Trade Definitions 194119191919年美国的九个商业团体制订了年美国的九个商业团体制订了美国出口报美国出口报价及其缩写条例价及其缩写条例（The U.S.Export Quotations The U.S.Export Quotations and Abbreviationsand Abbreviations););19411941年对它进行了修订，改称为年对它进行了修订，改称为19411941年美国对年美国对外贸易定义修正本外贸易定义修正本该修正本在美国及美洲一该修正本在美国及美洲一些国家有较大的影响些国家有较大的影响n nIt contains 6 trade terms:It contains 6 trade terms:(1)EX(pointoforigin)(1)EX(pointoforigin)产地交货产地交货产地交货产地交货，suchasEXFactory,EXsuchasEXFactory,EXMill,EXMine,etc.Mill,EXMine,etc.(2)(2)FOBFOB FreeOnBoardFreeOnBoard运输工具上交货运输工具上交货运输工具上交货运输工具上交货.Itcontains6.Itcontains6terms.ThefifthFOBisterms.ThefifthFOBisFOBvessel(namedportofshipment).FOBvessel(namedportofshipment).(3)(3)FASFASFreeAlongSide(namedportofshipment)FreeAlongSide(namedportofshipment)运输工运输工运输工运输工具旁交货具旁交货具旁交货具旁交货;(4)C&FCostandFreight(namedpointofdestination);(4)C&FCostandFreight(namedpointofdestination);(5)CIFCost,InsuranceandFreight(namedpointof(5)CIFCost,InsuranceandFreight(namedpointofdestination);destination);(6)EXDOCK(6)EXDOCK（namedportofimportationnamedportofimportation）目的港码头交目的港码头交目的港码头交目的港码头交货货货货.2.Revised American Foreign Trade Definitions 19412.Revised American Foreign Trade Definitions 1941n n 该修正本共对六种贸易术语作了解释，其中该修正本共对六种贸易术语作了解释，其中该修正本共对六种贸易术语作了解释，其中该修正本共对六种贸易术语作了解释，其中FOBFOBFOBFOB术语又分为六种情况。

术语又分为六种情况术语又分为六种情况术语又分为六种情况n n第一至第四种均属于在第一至第四种均属于在第一至第四种均属于在第一至第四种均属于在内陆内陆内陆内陆某一指定地点交货价某一指定地点交货价某一指定地点交货价某一指定地点交货价;n n第五种为第五种为第五种为第五种为装运港船上装运港船上装运港船上装运港船上交货价交货价交货价交货价;n n第六种为在第六种为在第六种为在第六种为在进口国内陆进口国内陆进口国内陆进口国内陆某一指定地点交货价某一指定地点交货价某一指定地点交货价某一指定地点交货价美国美国美国美国BOARDBOARDBOARDBOARD可指任意的板（卡车、火车、轮船等可指任意的板（卡车、火车、轮船等可指任意的板（卡车、火车、轮船等可指任意的板（卡车、火车、轮船等运载工具的板）运载工具的板）运载工具的板）运载工具的板）2.Revised American Foreign Trade Definitions 1941 2.Revised American Foreign Trade Definitions 1941 FOBFOB3.The INCOTERMS3.The INCOTERMSn nIn order to avoid,or at least reduce to a considerable In order to avoid,or at least reduce to a considerable degree,the uncertainties of different interpretations degree,the uncertainties of different interpretations of terms in different countries,the of terms in different countries,the ICCICC first first published a set of international rules for the published a set of international rules for the interpretation of the most commonly used trade interpretation of the most commonly used trade terms in foreign trade.These rules were known as terms in foreign trade.These rules were known as“IncotermsIncoterms 1936 1936”.”.n nAmendments and additions were later made in 195。