阅读理解99342952.doc

高中阅读理解题型解读高中阅读理解题型解读高考要求高考要求 1. 理解文章主旨和要义； 2. 理解文中具体信息； 3. 根据上下文推断生词词义； 4. 作出简单的推断和判断； 5. 理解文章篇章结构； 6. 理解作者写作意图、观点和态度 高考题型和解题技巧高考题型和解题技巧通过详细分析历年高考英语试卷，我们可将阅读理解归纳为以下几种题 型：主旨大意题，细节理解题，推理判断题（含写作意图、目的等） ，词义猜测 题英语阅读理解题的技巧与策略是学生提高阅读理解多需要具备的 一、一、主旨大意题主旨大意题（几乎每年高考都有，1~3 题） 这类题在设题时常会用到 title, subject, main idea, topic, theme 等词 1. 归纳标题题归纳标题题 特点：短小精悍，一般多为一个短语；涵盖性强，一般能覆盖全文意思；精 确性强，表达范围要恰当，不能随意改变语意程度或色彩常见命题形式有：What’s the best title for the text? The best title for this passage is ___. Which of the following can be the best title for the passage? ★真题范例 （2012 安徽卷） Why is pink or purple a color for girls and blue or brown for boys?The answer depends largely on cultural values as well as personal experiences. To the Egyptians, green was a color that represented the hope and joy of spring, while for Muslims, it means heaven. Red is a symbol of good luck in many cultures. In China, children are given money in a red envelope to bring good fortune in the New Year. For many nations, blue is a symbol of protection and religious beliefs. Greek people often wear a blue necklace hoping to protect themselves against evils (灾祸).People's choice of colors is also influenced by their bodies' reactions (反应) toward them. Green is said to be the most restful color. It has the ability to reduce pain and relax people both mentally and physically. People who work in green environment have been found to have fewer stomach aches.Red can cause a person's blood pressure to rise and increase people's appetites (食欲). Many decorators will include different shades of red in the restaurant. Similarly, many commercial websites will have a red “Buy Now“ button because red is a color that easily catches a person's eye.Blue is another calming color. Unlike red, blue can cause people to lose appetite. So if you want to eat less, some suggest that eating from blue plates can help.The next time you are deciding on what to wear or what color to decorate your room, think about the color carefully.63. Which of the following would be the most proper title for the text?A. Colors and Human BeingsB. The Cultural Meaning of ColorC. Colors and Personal ExperiencesD. The Meaning and Function of Color 2. 概括大意题概括大意题 包括寻找段落大意（topic）和文章中心思想（main idea） ，常见命题形式有：What is the general/main idea of the passage？ Which of the following expresses the main idea？ What is the subject discussed in the text? The writer of the story wants to tell us that_____. The passage/ text is mainly about_____. What’s the article mainly about ？ ★范例 Joshua Bingham studied 4 years at the University of Paris and decided to leave his graduation. He transferred to the University of Berlin and graduated with honors. Harvard Law School and, later, Boston College provided him with an excellent legal background. He is presently a corporation lawyer in Miami, Florida. Q: What is the main idea of the passage? ＿＿＿＿ A. How Joshua Bingham became a lawyer. B. Bingham is a diligent student. C. Joshua Bingham received an excellent education. D. A good lawyer needs good education. 【解题思路】 此文没有主题句。

全篇共四句，只陈述了四个细节(detail)性 的事实因此就答案本身看，个个都对读者只能将所有的 details 综合起来， 进行逻辑推理，才能构成一个没有言明的主题思想由于文中主要涉及了 Joshua Bingham 接受教育的情况，即作者想告诉我们的是：Joshua Bingham 接 受过良好的教育，所以答案是 Ｃ ★范例 In the 1930s, a lot of people in the USA were out of work. Among these people was a man named Alfred Butts. He always had an interest in word games and to fill his time he planned a game which he called “Lexico”. However, he was not completely satisfied with the game, so he made a number of changes to it and changed its name from “ Lexico” to “Alph” and then to “Criss Cross”. He wanted to make some money from his new game but he didn’t have any real commercial(商业性的) success. Q: The text is mainly about________. A. Lexico B. Three men C . A word game D. Alfred Butts. 解题技巧解题技巧：：阅读理解文章多是议论文和说明文，这两种文体的结构可归纳为：提出问题——论述问题——得出结论或者阐明观点。

对于这类文章，抓主题句是快速 掌握文章大意的主要方法 主题句一般出现在文章的开头或结尾主题句具有主题句一般出现在文章的开头或结尾主题句具有 简洁性、概括性的特点简洁性、概括性的特点主题句在文章中的位置主要有以下几种情况： 位于段首位于段首：一般而言，以演绎法撰写的文章，主题句往往在文章的开头， 即先点出主题，然后围绕这一主题作具体的陈述判断第一句是否为主题句， 可具体分析段落的首句与第二，三句的关系；如果从第二句就开始对第一句进 行说明，论述或描述，那第一句就是主题句有些段落，在主题句后面有明显 引出细节的信号词，如 for example, an example of; first, second, next, last, finally; to begin with, also, besides; one, the other; some, others 等在阅读中应尽量利用 上述信号词来确定主题句的位置 ★范例 People have different tastes in food. Some feel that they haven't eaten a meal un1ess they have had steak or other red meat．Some prefer chicken or fish and eat one or the other at every meal. Others prefer vegetables and fruits or grains and would enjoy a meal of spaghetti, eggplant and fresh fruit．0thers could live on what were called fast—foods：a hamburger or hot dog。

French fries and a soft drink． 位于段尾位于段尾：有些文章会在开头列举事实, 然后通过论证阐述作者的核心论 点因此，如果第一句话不是概括性的或综合性的话，最好快速读一读段落的 最后一个句子，看看它是否具备主题句的特征如果它具备主題句的特征，段 落的主题思想就很容易确定了一般说来，当一种观点不易向人解释清楚或不 易被人接受时，主题句便会到段落的末尾才出现学生可以充分利用引出结论 的信号词如 so，therefore，thus，consequently；in conclusion，in short；in a word, to sum up 等来确定主题句的位置在段。