
四种时态和复数总结(自编).doc
3页1一般现在时:概念定义:经常性的动作或习惯性的动作或存在的状态基本构成:主要用动词原形,如果主语是第三人称单数,谓语动词用:“单三”形式动词变形:1. 一般情况下在动词后直接+s2. 以 ch, sh, s, x, o 结尾的+es3. 以“辅音字母 +y”结尾的把 y 变 i 加 es4. have 的第三人称单数为 has时间状语:Always(总是 ),usually( 通常),often(经常) ,sometimes( 有时候),seldom( 很少),never(从不),everyday(每天)等等例句:I am a boy(肯定句)I’m not a boy( 否定句) Are you a boy?(一般疑问句) Yes,I am.(肯定回答)No,I’m not (否定回答)I go to school everyday(肯定句) .I don’t go to school everyday(否定句).Do you go to school everyday(一般疑问句? Yes,I do . No,I don’t.He washes his shirt in the evening everyday.(单三肯定句).He doesn’t wash his shirt in the evening everyday.(单三否定句 ).Does he wash his shirt in the evening everyday?(单三一般疑问句)Yes,he does/No,he doesn’t.现在进行时:概念定义:正在发生或进行的动作。
基本构成:be 动词(am\is\are)+doing( 动词的现在分词)动词变形:1、直接加 ing;2、以不发音的 e 结尾的,去 e 加 ing3、重读闭音节,末尾呈现“辅音字母-元音字母-辅音字母” 形式的,双写尾字母,加 ing4、少数以 ie 结尾的,ie 变 y,加 ing;时间状语:now(现在) ,look!(看呀),listen(听)等等例句:I am playing football in the playground(肯定).I am not playing football in the playground(否定).Are you playing football in the playground(一般疑问句)?Yes,I am .No,I’m not2一般将来时练习题概念定义:表示将来要发生的动作或者存在的状态基本构成:1. shall / will + 动词原形 (shall 只能用于第一人称) 2. be(am,is,are) going to + 动词原形 (表示打算干什么)动词变形:没有动词变形,都是动词原形时间状语:tomorrow(明天 ),next year/day/time/……(下一年/接下来的一天/ 下次……) ,this Sunday(这个周日),in day(一天之后),in an hour(一个小时之后),in one year(一年之后),in+一段时间等等。
例句:I( shall/will/am going to) visit Beijing tomorrow(我明天将要去北京)I (shall not/will not/am not going to) visit Beijing tomorrow(我明天将不去北京)Will you visit Beijing tomorrow?Yes,I will/ No,I won’t.Are you going to visit Beijing tomorrow?Yes,I am/No,I’m not一般过去时概念定义: 一般过去时态表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态,常和表示过去的时间状语连用;也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作,常和表示频度的时间状语连用动词变形: 1.一般情况下,在动词原形后直接加 ed:work-- worked ,clean—cleaned2.以不发音的 e 结尾的词,直接加 d:live --lived 3 以辅音字母+y 结尾的词,变 y 为 i 加 ed:study--studied 4 以元音字母+y 结尾的词,直接加 ed:enjoy--enjoyed ,play--played 5 以重读闭音节(辅音+元音+ 辅音)结尾的词,双写最后的辅音字母+ed stop—stopped不规则动词:is-was, are-were, do-did, see-saw, say-said, give-gave, get-got, go-went, come-came, have-had, eat-ate, take-took, run-ran, sing-sang, put-put, make-made, read-read, write-wrote, draw-drew, drink-drank, fly-flew, ride-rode, speak-spoke, sweep-swept, swim-swam, sit-sat3时间状语:just now(刚才),一段时间+ago(……以前),yesterday(昨天) ,last night(昨天晚上),last year(去年),last summer(去年夏天),last……等等。
例句:肯定句 一般疑问句 否定句 特殊疑问句I worked Did you work? I did not work. Where did you work? He (she,it) worked. Did he(she,it) work? He (she,it)did not work. Where did he(she,it) work? They worked. Did they work? They did not work Where did they work?一般疑问句回答:Did he(she,it) work? Yes,they did./No,they did not(didn’t) 可数名词变复数形式的规则1 一般情况,在词尾加-s.desk---desks 书桌 girl---girls 女孩boy---boys pen---pens2 以-s,-x,-ch,-sh 结尾的词,在词尾加--esbus---buses box--boxesbrush--brushes watch--watch3 以辅音字母加-y 结尾的词,变 y 为 i,加-esbaby-babies 婴儿 family--families 家庭4 以-f 或-fe 结尾的词,变 f 或 fe 为 v,再加-esknife---knives 刀 leaf---leaves 树叶5 以辅音字母加-o 结尾的词,一般情况下,在词尾加-estomato---tomatoes 西红柿 potato--potatoes 马铃薯6 可数名词变为复数形式的不规则变化如下:foot---feet 脚 mouse---mice 老鼠 goose---geese 鹅 ox---oxen 公 牛 man---men 男人 woman---women 女人 child---children 孩子 Chinese--Chinese 中国人 deer---deer 鹿 sheep---sheep 绵羊 fish---fish 鱼。









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