从高考题看with复合结构.pdf

从高考题看 with 复合结构请看下面几道高考题：1. With no one to __________ in such a frightening situation， she felt very helpless． (2006 年陕西卷 ) A． turn to B ． turn on C． turn off D ． turn over 2. I couldn ’t do my homework with all that noise ________． (2005 年北京卷 ) A． going on B ． goes on C． went on D． to go on 3._________and no way to reduce her pain and suffering from the terrible disease ， the patient sought her doctor’s help to end her life ． (2005 年江西卷 ) A． Having given up hope of cure B ． With no hope for cure C． There being hope for cure D ． In the hope of cure 解析：答案分别为A、A、B。

这三道题考查了“with / without + 宾语+ 宾语补足语 ” 结构这一结构被称为with 复合结构with 复合结构是高中阶段英语 语法的一个难点这个结构表示状态或说明背景情况正确使用此结构，不但可以使句子简洁、明了，还可以 增强语言表现力下面就这个结构的构成及用法作一小结一、 with 复合结构的构成1． with + 宾语+ 现在分词 doing 表示主动或正在进行的动作With so many people communicating in English every day， it will become more and more important to have a good knowledge of English ． 有这么多人每天用英语交流，精通英语将会变得越来越重要The day was fine， with a flesh breeze blowing ． 天气晴朗，和风吹拂2． with + 宾语+ 过去分词 done 表示被动或完成了的动作It was a pity that the great writer died with his works unfinished． 遗憾的是那位大作家去世了，留下未完成的作品。

With the problem settled ， we felt relieved ． 问题解决了，我们感到很轻松3． with + 宾语+ 形容词 在句中常作状语The students raised their heads with eyes full of curiosity ．学生们抬起头，眼里充满了好奇With the weather so close and stuffy ， ten to one it will rain ． 天气这么闷热，十有八九会下雨4． with + 宾语+ 副词 在句中常作状语The naughty boy stood before the teacher with his head down ． 那个淘气的男孩低着头站在老师面前Flames lighted up many parts of Vesuvius ； their light scared people but my uncle told them that flames came from the homes of farmers who had left in a panic with the kitchen fires still on．火焰照亮了维苏威的许多地方；它们的亮光使人们恐惧不已。

但我叔叔告诉他们说这火焰是从农夫的房子冒出来的，这些人在恐惧中离开，厨房的火都没熄5． with + 宾语+ 介词短语 在句中常作定语或状语The Nanshan was on her way from the south to Fuzhou ， with Chinese workers on board ， returning to their home villages in the province of Fujian ．南山号行驶在从南方开往福州的路上，船上载有准备返回福建农村的中国工人们We human beings could not survive without all the plants and animals around us． 没有周围的动物和植物，我们人类就无法生存6． with + 宾语+ to do to do 表示将要发生的动作The hurricane， with its power to sink ships and to destroy strong walls ， had found this little ship in its path ． 飓风威力无比，它能使船只沉没、毁坏坚固的墙，它一路风驰电掣来到小船前。

With so many dishes to wash， I can not go with you ．有这么多盘子要洗，我不能跟你一起去7． with + 宾语+ 名词 在句中作定语或状语Wu Song fought the tiger with a stick as his only weapon ． 武松和老虎搏斗，木棍是他唯一的武器Lun Xun fought against the enemy with a pen as his only weapon ．鲁迅用他唯一的武器—— 笔同敌人做斗争二、 with 复合结构的用法1． 用作状语，可表示条件、原因、时间、伴随、方式等情况可以和相应的状语从句转换1）表示条件，相当于一个条件状语从句如：With you to help us ， we will be able to finish the task in time．=If you help us ， we will be able to finish the task in time． 如果你帮助我们，我们就能及时完成这个任务2）表示原因，相当于一个原因状语从句如：With two exams to worry about ， I have to work really hard this weekend ．=As there are two exams to worry about ，I have to work really hard this weekend ． 由于有两个考试要担心(通不过 )， 这个周末我真的要努力了。

3）表示时间，相当于一个时间状语从句如：With the work done ， we went home．=After the work had been done ， we went home. 工作做完后，我们就回家了4）表示伴随，相当于一个并列句如：The boy sat at the corner， with tears welling up in his eyes ．=The boy sat at the corner， and tears were welling up in his eyes． 小男孩坐在角落里，眼中含满泪水5）表示方式，相当于一个并列句如：He was asleep with his head on his arms．=He was asleep and his head was on his arms． 他头枕着胳膊睡着了2． 用作定语，相当于一个定语从句，修饰前面的名词I like stamps with a bird design on them ． =I like stamps on which there is a bird design ． 我喜欢有鸟类图案的邮票。

There was also a gun and a thin piece of rope with the end tied in a circle ． =There was also a gun and a thin piece of rope whose end was tied in a circle． 还有一支枪和一根细绳，绳子的末端系成一个圆圈。