
汽车实用英语第二版整套课件汇总完整版电子教案全.ppt
238页汽汽车实用英用英语(第二版)(第二版)项目一项目一 四冲程发动机构造与工作过程介绍四冲程发动机构造与工作过程介绍 Brief IntroductionWord ListWord ListWord ListComponents cognitionComponents cognitionComponents cognitionComponents cognitionComponents cognitionComponents cognitionComponents cognitionComponents cognitionComponents cognitionProper NamesProper NamesProper NamesText learning-example•Project 1 Introduction to the construction and operation of a Four-stroke Engine•The engine assembly•The engine is the source of power that provides the torque or turning force which is used to drive the vehicle. Engines in motor vehicles can be internal combustion, electric or a combination of the two (known as 'hybrid'). Internal combustion engines burn the fuel inside the engine using petrol, distillate or gas. Electric motors use electricity supplied from storage batteries fitted to the vehicle. The batteries can be charged using an internal combustion engine, fuel cell, solar cell, power regeneration and external charging.•The engine assembly includes the engine itself as well as all the components and systems needed to make it start and run. These include the starting, charging, cooling, ignition, lubrication, fuel and the exhaust systems (shown as Figure 1-1).Translation of difficult sentence1. Engines in motor vehicles can be internal combustion, electric or a combination of the two (known as 'hybrid').翻译:翻译:汽车的动力装置可以是内燃机、电动机、或者两者的组合(如所谓的混合动力)。
2. The batteries can be charged using an internal combustion engine, fuel cell, solar cell, power regeneration and external charging.翻翻译::蓄电池可以用内燃机,燃料电池,太阳能电池,再生能量或外部电源进行充电3. The large end of the connecting rod connects to the crankshaft and the small end connects to the piston.翻译:翻译:连杆大端连接到曲轴,小端连接到活塞4. The firing order for a four-cylinder engine is 1-3-4-2 or 1-2-4-3.翻翻译::4缸发动机的点火顺序为1-3-4-2或1-2-4-35. For identification purposes, manufacturers classify automobile engines by their cylinder arrangement, valve arrangement, and type of system used to cool the engine.翻翻译::发动机制造商将汽车发动机按气缸排列、气门布置以及冷却系统的类型进行分类。
Exercises: Translate the following into Chinese1)intake stroke 2) timing gear 3) water pump 4) connecting rod 5) combustion chamber 6) crankpin7) bottom dead center 8) cylinder head 9) fan pulleyExercises: Translate the following into English 1) 气缸体 2) 太阳能电池 3) 曲轴箱4) 油底壳 5) 正时皮带 6) 活塞环7) 点火分电器 8) 火花塞 9) 主轴承轴颈Exercises: Translate the figure THANK YOU 项目二项目二 发动机燃油供给系认识发动机燃油供给系认识Brief IntroductionWord ListWord ListComponents cognitionComponents cognitionComponents cognitionComponents cognitionComponents cognitionComponents cognitionComponents cognitionComponents cognitionProper NamesProper NamesText learning-example•Project 2 Acquaintance with engine fuel system•Introduction•The fuel system has the job of supplying a combustible mixture of air and fuel to the engine. There are two different types of petrol fuel systems: systems with a carburetor and systems with electronic fuel injection (EFI). Carburetor fuel systems and EFI systems are designed to deliver the fuel mixture to the engine in a combustible form, but each system does it in a different way.[1] One basic difference is that carburetors atomize the fuel, and injectors spray the fuel. •Carburetor fuel system•The conventional carburetor fuel system consists of the fuel tank, fuel pump, fuel filter, carburetor, fuel lines, intake manifold and air cleaner (shown as Figure 2-1). As well as these, the exhaust system is sometimes considered to be a part of the fuel system.Translation of difficult sentence1. Carburetor fuel systems and EFI systems are designed to deliver the fuel mixture to the engine in a combustible form, but each system does it in a different way.翻译:化油器和电子燃油喷射系统都是用于给发动机输送可燃混合物,但是两个系统工作方式不同。
2. There are three pipes (or lines) between the fuel tank at the rear of the vehicle and the components in the engine compartment.翻译:有三根油管,连通汽车后部的油箱和发动机舱内的发动机总成3. A fine gauze filter is fitted to the suction pipe in the fuel tank, and a line filter is fitted in the supply line between the fuel tank and the fuel pump, or between the fuel pump and the carburetor.翻译:油箱内的吸油管一端装有细滤网油滤器,在油箱和油泵之间的输油管内装有管内滤清器,或者在燃油泵和化油器之间的输油管内安装滤清器4. The fuel supply system consists of the fuel tank, fuel pump, fuel filter, fuel supply pipe, fuel injector, fuel pressure regulator, and fuel return pipe.翻译:(电喷)燃油供给装置由油箱、油泵、燃油滤清器、供油管、喷油器、燃油压力调节器及回油管等组成。
Exercises: Translate the following into Chinese1) electronic fuel injection 2) charcoal canister 3) single point fuel injection4) fuel filter 5) engine startability 6) engine compartment7) pressure regulator 8) fuel return pipe 9) air flow meterExercises: Translate the following into English 1) 1) 燃油供燃油供给系系 2) 2) 燃油燃油滤清清器器 3) 3) 空空气气流量流量计4) 4) 电子燃油喷射电子燃油喷射 5) 5) 多点燃油喷射多点燃油喷射 6) 6) 冷起动喷油器冷起动喷油器7) 7) 节气气门体燃油体燃油喷射射 8) 8) 空空气气进气气系系统 9 9))输油管油管Exercises: Translate the figure THANK YOU 项目三项目三 发动机冷却系和润滑系认识发动机冷却系和润滑系认识 Brief IntroductionWord ListWord ListComponents cognitionComponents cognitionComponents cognitionComponents cognitionComponents cognitionProper NamesText learning-example•Project 3 Acquaintance with Engine Cooling and Lubricating System•Engine Cooling System•A cooling system of some kind is necessary in any internal combustion engine. The cooling system of a water-cooled engine consists of the engine water jacket, thermostat, water pump, radiator, radiator cap, fan, fan drive belt and necessary hoses (shown as Figure 3-1).•Heat transfer• In an automobile engine, heat flows or transfers from the iron or aluminum cylinder to the cooling water, and from the coolant to the copper or aluminum radiator.[1] •Cooling System Pump• Automobile engine water pumps are of many designs, but most are the centrifugal type. Sometimes the fan is installed on the water pump shaft.Translation of difficult sentence1. In an automobile engine, heat flows or transfers from the iron or aluminum cylinder to the cooling water, and from the coolant to the copper or aluminum radiator.翻翻译::在汽车发动机里面,铁或铝制的气缸将热量传导到冷却水,再由冷却水将热量传递到铜或铝制的散热器中。
2. It is constructed to hold a large amount of water in tubes or other passages which provide a large area in contact with the atmosphere.翻翻译::在结构上,散热器要有能容纳大量水的管道,这些管道可提供较大的散热面积,便于与空气接触语法:法:which引导定语从句,修饰tubes or passages3. In operation, the thermostat is designed to close off the flow of water from engine to radiator until the engine has reached the desired operating temperature.翻翻译::工作时,在发动机还未达到合适的工作温度前,节温器将切断从发动机水套流向散热器的水路Exercises: Translate the following into Chinese1) cooling system 2) thermostat 3) radiator cap 4) radiator core 5) lubricating system 6) crankcase ventilation 7) viscosity index improver 8) varnish 9) oil sludgeExercises: Translate the following into English 1) 水泵水泵 2) 防冻液防冻液 3) 水冷式发动机水冷式发动机4) 润滑系润滑系 5) 滑润剂滑润剂 6) 抗氧剂抗氧剂7) 发动机沉积物发动机沉积物 8) 机油滤清器机油滤清器 9)金属与金属接触金属与金属接触Exercises: Translate the figure THANK YOU 项目四项目四 汽车底盘构造认识汽车底盘构造认识 Brief IntroductionWord ListWord ListComponents cognitionComponents cognitionComponents cognitionComponents cognitionComponents cognitionComponents cognitionComponents cognitionComponents cognitionComponents cognitionComponents cognitionComponents cognitionComponents cognitionComponents cognitionComponents cognitionProper NamesProper NamesProper NamesText learning-example•Project 4 Acquaintance with automotive chassis construction•Motor vehicles vary greatly in design and body style, and the term motor vehicle can be used to include passenger cars, station wagons, vans, utilities, trucks, buses and coaches. For passenger vehicles and light commercial vehicles, there are two basic arrangements: front-wheel drive and rear-wheel drive. A motor vehicle consists of a number of sections which, for convenience, can be considered as follows: the engine assembly, the frame or chassis, the power train, the running gear, the electrical system and the body of the vehicle (shown as Figure 4-1).Translation of difficult sentence1. The power train carries power from the engine crankshaft to the car wheels so the wheels rotate and car moves.翻译:从发动机曲轴输出的动力经传动系传递给车轮,使车轮转动,驱动汽车前进。
2. Since all roads are not perfectly smooth, and the transmission is fixed, the drive shaft has to be flexible to absorb the shocks of bumps in the road.翻译:由于路面并非全部都是平整的,同时变速器的位置是固定的,所以,传动轴不得不具备一定的弹性,以吸收来自路面的颠簸振动3. When the car is on straight road, the ring gear, differential case, differential pinion gears, and two differential side gears all turn as a unit without any relative motion.翻译:当汽车在直线道路上行驶时,齿圈,差速器壳,差速器行星小齿轮以及差速器半轴齿轮等作为无相对运动的整体而转动4. Spokes extend from the wheel to the wheel hub, which is fastened securely at the top of the steering column.翻译:转向盘辐条从转向盘轮缘延伸到转向盘的轮毂,轮毂则被紧固在转向管柱的顶端。
Exercises: Translate the following into Chinese1)pitman arm 2) automatic transmission 3) planetary gear system4) chassis 5) universal joint 6) steering system 7) brake system 8) service brake system 9) parking brake systemExercises: Translate the following into English 1)传动系系 2) 手手动变速器速器 3) 差速器差速器4)后轮驱动后轮驱动 5) 转向盘转向盘 6) 钢板弹簧钢板弹簧7)制制动蹄蹄 8) 悬架系架系统 9) 制制动踏板踏板Exercises: Translate the figure THANK YOU 项目五项目五 汽车电气设备和主动安全系统介绍汽车电气设备和主动安全系统介绍 Brief IntroductionWord ListWord ListComponents cognitionComponents cognitionComponents cognitionComponents cognitionComponents cognitionComponents cognitionProper NamesText learning-example•Project 5 Introduction to the automotive electric system and active safety systems•Part I Automotive Electric System•Ignition system•There are many different types of ignition systems. Most of these systems can be placed into one of three distinct groups: the conventional breaker point type ignition systems; the electronic ignition systems; and the distributorless ignition system.•The automotive ignition system has two basic functions: it must control the spark and timing of the spark plug firing to match varying engine requirements, and it must increase battery voltage to a point where it will overcome the resistance offered by the spark plug gap and fire the plug. Translation of difficult sentence1. The power train carries power from the engine crankshaft to the car wheels so the wheels rotate and car moves.翻译:从发动机曲轴输出的动力经传动系传递给车轮,使车轮转动,驱动汽车前进。
2. Since all roads are not perfectly smooth, and the transmission is fixed, the drive shaft has to be flexible to absorb the shocks of bumps in the road.翻译:由于路面并非全部都是平整的,同时变速器的位置是固定的,所以,传动轴不得不具备一定的弹性,以吸收来自路面的颠簸振动3. When the car is on straight road, the ring gear, differential case, differential pinion gears, and two differential side gears all turn as a unit without any relative motion.翻译:当汽车在直线道路上行驶时,齿圈,差速器壳,差速器行星小齿轮以及差速器半轴齿轮等作为无相对运动的整体而转动4. Spokes extend from the wheel to the wheel hub, which is fastened securely at the top of the steering column.翻译:转向盘辐条从转向盘轮缘延伸到转向盘的轮毂,轮毂则被紧固在转向管柱的顶端。
Exercises: Translate the following into Chinese1)the electronic ignition system 2) Engine control unit 3) primary current 4) alternator 5) oversteer 6) the charging system 7) relay 8) starter 9) plungerExercises: Translate the following into English 1) 火花塞火花塞 2) 点火点火开关开关 3) 点火模点火模块4) 起起动机机 5) 蓄蓄电池池 6) 电压调节器器7) 电路路 8) 直流直流电 9) 驱动皮皮带10) 电子子稳定程序定程序 11) 电子控制子控制单元元 12) 主主动安全系安全系统Exercises: Translate the figure THANK YOU 项目六项目六 汽车车身电气设备和被动安全系统的介绍汽车车身电气设备和被动安全系统的介绍 Brief IntroductionWord ListComponents cognitionComponents cognitionComponents cognitionComponents cognitionComponents cognitionProper NamesProper NamesText learning-example•Project 2 Passive Safety Systems •Safety belt•Safety belt (seat belt) plays an important role in this. In effect, they retain you to the occupant compartment so you decelerate with it instead of slamming into hard interior surfaces. But not all belt designs are the same. Usually includes: lap belt, lap-shoulder belt, child seat [restraint] belt.•Airbag system (Supplemental Restraint System)•The airbag system (Supplemental Restraint System) has the following equipment, is shown in table 6-1 .•Table 6-1 the airbag system equipmentTranslation of difficult sentence1. This type of valve can sense both temperature and pressure, and is very efficient at regulating refrigerant flow to the evaporator. 翻译:这种类型阀门可以感知温度和压力,同时能非常有效的调节到蒸发器的制冷剂流量。
2. Once the refrigerant is drawn into the suction side, it is compressed and sent to the condenser, where it can then transfer the heat that is absorbed from the inside of the vehicle.翻译:一旦制冷剂从吸入端进入压缩机,它就在压缩机中被压缩后输送到冷凝器在冷凝器中,制冷剂吸收汽车车内的热量3. In crashes, people need to be retained within the occupant compartment and not be ejected, as to reduce the possible of serious injury.翻译:在碰撞事故中,乘员应该被限制在车内而不是被抛出汽车,这样可以减少严重伤害的可能性4. All new passenger cars have shoulder belts on inertia reels that allow upper body movement during normal driving but lock during hard braking. 翻译:所有新的乘用车都有惯性卷筒型自动安全带,它允许上半身在正常的驾驶中移动而在紧急制动时锁止。
Exercises: Translate the following into Chinese1)air bag 2) compressor 3) power seat 4) 6-waypower seat 5) accumulator 6) Alarm System7) turn-signal lamps 8) safety belt 9) tail lampsExercises: Translate the following into English 1)1)冷凝器冷凝器 2) 2) 安全气囊安全气囊 3) 3) 压缩机压缩机 4) 4) 牌照牌照 5) 5) 蒸发器蒸发器 6) 6) 制冷剂制冷剂7) 7) 热膨胀阀热膨胀阀 8) 8) 中控系统中控系统 9) 9) 倒车灯倒车灯Exercises: Translate the figure THANK YOU 项目三项目三 新能源汽车新能源汽车 Brief IntroductionWord List•Accelerate v.加速,促进•Alloy n.合金vt.使成合金,减低成色•barring prep.不包括,除非•battery n.电池 •Component n.成分,adj.组成的,构成的•Contrast vt.使与…对比,使与…对照•Conventional adj.惯例的,常规的,习俗 的,传统的•Decrease n.减少,减少之量,v.减少•Dependence n.依靠,依赖,信任,信赖•Emission n.(光、热等的)散发,发射,喷射•Energy n.精力,精神,活力,[物]能量•Ethanol n..乙醇,酒精 •Excite vt.刺激,使兴奋,使激动•Formula n.公式,规则,客套语•Fossil adj.化石的,陈腐的,守旧的•Gallium n.[化]镓•Generate vt.产生,发生•Generation n.产生,发生,一代,一代人•Generator n.发电机,发生器•Household adj.家庭的,家族的,家属的,普通的•Hydrogen n.氢•Indium n.[化]铟•Industrial adj.工业的,产业的,实业的,从事工业的•Nitrogen n.[化]氮 •Obtain v.获得Overcome vt.战胜,克服,胜过,征服,vi.得胜Oxygen n.[化]氧Parallel adj.平行的,相同的,类似的,并联的Photon n.光子Pollution n.污染,玷污Potential adj.潜在的,可能的,势的,位的Practical adj.实际的,实践的,实用的,应用的Predict v.预知,预言,预报Propel vt.推进,驱使Reduction n.减少,缩影,变形,缩减量,约简Scheduled adj.预定的•Semiconductor n.[物]半导体•Series n.连续,系列,一连串,串联•Significantly adv.意味深长地,值得注目地,有效地•Silicon n.[化]硅,硅元素•Solar adj.太阳的,日光的•Sophisticate n.久经世故的人,多变的人•Storage n.贮藏(量),贮藏库,存储•Strike vt.打,撞击,冲击•Substantial adj.坚固的,实质的,真实的,充实的•Tailpipe n.[汽]排气管•Transmission n.变速箱Proper Names•carbon dioxide 二氧化碳•carbon-fiber 碳素纤维,碳化纤维•compressed air car 压缩空气汽车•consulting company 咨询公司•electric car 电动汽车•electric motor 电动机•electrical current 电流•fuel cell stack 燃料电池组•fuel cell vehicle 燃料电池车•fuel tank 燃料罐•gas-and-oxygen 汽油和氧气•gasoline engine 汽油发动机•gasoline-electric hybrid car 油电混合汽车•greenhouse gas 温室气体•harmful emission 有害排放•Honda Insight 本田思域•lithium-ion battery 锂离子电池•parallel hybrid 并联混合•photovoltaic cell 光生伏打电池•regenerative braking 制动回收•series hybrid 串联混合•solar car 太阳能汽车•solar panel 太阳能板•thermal energy 热能•Toyota Prius 丰田普锐斯•Electric Cars•An electric car is a plug-in battery powered automobile which is propelled by electric motor(s). Electric cars have the potential of significantly reducing city pollution by having zero tail pipe emissions. Vehicle greenhouse gas savings depend on how the electricity is generated. With the current U.S. energy mix, using an electric car would result in a 30% reduction in carbon dioxide emissions. Given the current energy mixes in other countries, it has been predicted that such emissions would decrease by 40% in the UK, 19% in China, and as little as 1% in Germany.•Full Cell Vehicles•Fuel cell vehicles (FCVs) have the potential to significantly reduce our dependence on foreign oil and lower harmful emissions that cause climate change. FCVs run on hydrogen gas rather than gasoline and emit no harmful tailpipe emissions. These vehicles are in the early stages of development, and several challenges must be overcome before these vehicles will be competitive with conventional vehicles. However, the potential benefits of this technology are substantial. •Gasoline-electric Hybrid CarsGasoline-electric hybrid cars contain the following parts.–Gasoline engine–Fuel tank–Electric motor–Generator–Batteries–Transmission•Solar Cars•A solar car is an electric car powered by solar electricity. This is obtained from solar panels on the surface (generally, the top or window) of the car. Photovoltaic (PV) cells convert the sun's energy directly into electrical energy.Compressed Air CarsNotes•Electric cars have the potential of significantly reducing city pollution by having zero tail pipe emissions.•翻译:电动汽车没有尾气排放,具有明显减少城市污染的潜力。
•The most obvious difference is the fuel cell stack that converts hydrogen gas stored onboard with oxygen from the air into electricity to drive the electric motor that propels the vehicle.•翻译:最明显的不同是燃料电池将车载的氢和空气中的氧转化成电流来驱动电动机,从而驱动车辆前进 •Advanced electronics allow it to act as a motor as well as a generator.•翻译:先进的电子学让它同时扮演电动机和发电机两个角色•When sunlight (photons) strikes PV cells, they excite electrons and allow them to flow, creating an electrical current.•翻译:当阳光照射(光子撞击)光生伏打电池,光子激发电子并让其流动,从而造成一股电流•The car can be powered solely by air, or combined (as in a hybrid electric vehicle) with gasoline, diesel, ethanol, or an electric plant with regenerative braking.•翻译:这种汽车可以单独由空气驱动,或组合一台汽油、柴油、乙醇发动机或者带制动回收的电气设备(就像在一辆混合动力汽车中)。
Exercises1.Choose the best answer from the following choices according to the text•1) The newest generation of electric cars is a good match for the current generation of gas and/or powered cars. A. gasoline B. diesel C. Liquefied Petroleum Gas D. natural gas•2) The hybrid car has a engine much like the one you will find on most cars. A. gasoline B. diesel C. Liquefied Petroleum Gas D. natural gas•3) A solar car is an electric car powered by electricity. A. sun B. hydrogen C. pure D. solar•4) You can combine the two power sources found in a car in different ways. A. solar car B. electric car C. hybrid D. full cell•2.Translate the following into Chinese•1) carbon dioxide 2)compressed air 3)electric motor•4) fuel cell vehicle 5)gasoline-electric hybrid car 6)harmful emission•7) lithium-ion battery 8)series hybrid 9)solar car•3. Translate the following into English•1)并联混合 2)电动汽车 3)光生伏打电池•4)压缩空气汽车 5)汽油发动机 6)燃料电池组•7)太阳能板 8)碳素纤维 9)温室气体 •4. Translate the following sentences into Chinese•1) PV cells are made of semiconductor materials such as silicon and alloys of indium, gallium and nitrogen.•2) An electric car is a plug-in battery powered automobile which is propelled by electric motor(s).•3) Fuel cell vehicles (FCVs) have the potential to significantly reduce our dependence on foreign oil and lower harmful emissions that cause climate change.•4) Since a compressed air car's source of energy is usually electricity, its total environmental impact depends on how clean the source of this electricity is.5. Translate the words or phrases in the following figure into Chinese THANK YOU 项目八项目八 汽车性能参数及检测设备汽车性能参数及检测设备 Brief IntroductionWord List•adjustable adj.可调整的•ambient adj.周围的,环绕的•apparatus n.器械,设备,仪器•compact adj.紧凑的,紧密的,简洁的•coupe n.供两人坐的小汽车•cradle vt. 将...放在摇篮内,支持,支撑•deflect v. (使)偏转•deterrent n.威慑•dynamic adj.动力的,动力学的,动态的•estimate v.估计,估价,评估 Components cognitionComponents cognitionComponents cognitionComponents cognitionComponents cognitionComponents cognitionComponents cognitionComponents cognitionComponents cognitionComponents cognitionComponents cognitionProper Names•4-Wheel Alignment gauge 四轮定位仪•automobile brake tester 汽车制动性能测试仪•braking performance 制动性能•chassis dynamometer 底盘测功机•diesel smoke meter 柴油机烟度计•drive-wheel 驱动轮•engine analyzer 发动机分析仪•engine test bed 发动机试验台•fifth wheel sensor 五轮传感器•kingpin inclination 主销内倾角•leak detector 泄漏检查器•performance parameter 性能参数•performance tester 性能测试仪•power absorption unit 动力吸收单元•side-slip tester 测滑测试仪•single board computer 单片机•speedometer tester 车速表测试仪•ultrasonic microphone 超声波扩音器•ultrasonic probe 超声波探测器Proper Names•makes use of 使用,利用•rubber bushing 橡胶套管•engine knock 发动机爆震•metal diaphragm 金属膜片•fuel consumption sensor 燃油消耗传感器•headlight tester 前照灯检测仪•infrared absorption analyzer 吸收式红外分析仪•kingpin caster 主销后倾角•ultrasonic transmitter 超声波讯号发送器•wheel camber 轮外倾角•wheel dynamic balancer 轮动态平衡机Proper NamesText learning-example•Engine Noise Diagnosis The ability to diagnose engine noises with a fair degree of accuracy may be a vital part of the tune-up specialist’s job. For instance, it may be necessary for a technician to recognize and locate the cause of noises that may develop due to normal engine wear and tear over long periods of use or may appear because of failure of one or more engine parts. The parts that produce some characteristic noises are loose pistons, excessively worn rings or ring lands, loose piston pins, worn connecting-rod bearings, worn main bearings, loose vibration damper or flywheel, or worn or loose valve-train components. When properly interpreted, these noises are a definite aid in any diagnosis of engine mechanical difficulties. But there are many sources and varieties of engine noises; careful interpretation of these sounds is necessary for several reasons. First, a careful diagnosis of an engine noise can often prevent the expense of tearing down an engine. In this regard, a technician should always make a noise analysis before engine repair begins so that only the needed and correct operations are made with no extra work or charges to the customer. Second, a careful interpretation of abnormal engine sounds can prevent the engine from requiring extensive and costly repair work after continued usage has ruined it.•Stethoscope•All moving mechanical engine parts create some form of sound waves of various pitches, frequencies, qualities, and intensities. Most people can hear many of these sound waves without the assistance of a listening device. On the other hand, some sounds are impossible to hear unless magnifies; even if some sounds are audible, they are frequently difficult to localize and locate. Consequently, most technicians utilize some form of sounding rod or stethoscope when diagnosing engine sounds. •A stethoscope, or sound scope, aids in locating the source of engine knocks and noises by magnifying their sound waves. This instrument makes use of a metal prod, about 8 inches long and 1/8 inch in diameter, that passes through a rubber bushing and terminates against a metal diaphragm held in a plastic housing. Furthermore, two ear tubes carry the sound from this diaphragm chamber to the listener’s ears. The value of the sound-detecting and amplifying stethoscope is, of course, to help the technician distinguish the difference between normal and abnormal sounds and to find the location and cause of the latter. •Sound tracing with the stethoscope•The best way to trace any type of noise is to follow a systematic procedure. First, for example, always use a stethoscope or other sounding device to amplify the sound. Second, with the listening device, attempt to localize and identify the noise. You can trace both unfamiliar and familiar sounds to the portion of the engine where they originate by following the sound with the prod of the stethoscope until the noise reaches its maximum intensity. After you locate this spot, a knowledge of engine construction and operation will be your best guide as to the most likely cause of the sound. Notes1.The chassis dynamometer measures the mechanical power of the vehicle at the drive-wheels and provides the operator with a readout in units of road speed and power.翻译:翻译:底盘测功机能测量车辆驱动轮上的机械功率,并能给操作员显示车辆的道路行车速度和功率具体读数。
2.There are seven sensors-ignition, power supply, voltage, oil pressure, cylinder pressure, vibration and fuel injection sensors.翻译:翻译:发动机分析仪上有七种传感器,分别是点火传感器、电源供给传感器、电压传感器、油压传感器、气缸压力传感器、振动传感器和燃油喷射传感器Translation of difficult sentence•3. The value of the sound-detecting and amplifying stethoscope is, of course, to help the technician distinguish the difference between normal and abnormal sounds and to find the location and cause of the latter.•翻译:翻译:起探测声音和放大声音作用的听诊器,其声音强度有助于技师辨别发动机内的正常声音和异常声音,并使他发现发出异常声音的部位和原因。
•4. You can trace both unfamiliar and familiar sounds to the portion of the engine where they originate by following the sound with the prod of the stethoscope until the noise reaches its maximum intensity.•翻译:翻译:用听诊器探针探测噪音,直到所探测到的噪音强度最大,从而发现噪音部位,通过这种方法,你就可以跟踪那些熟悉或不熟悉的噪音找到发动机上噪音源Practical reading notes•1. The parts that produce some characteristic noises are loose pistons, excessively worn rings or ring lands, loose piston pins, worn connecting-rod bearings, worn main bearings, loose vibration damper or flywheel, or worn or loose valve-train components.•翻译:翻译:产生带某种特征噪音的部件有松动的活塞、过度磨损的活塞环或环岸、松动的活塞销、磨损的连杆轴承、磨损的主轴承、松动的减振器或飞轮以及磨损或松动的配气机构的元件。
•2. Second, a careful interpretation of abnormal engine sounds can prevent the engine from requiring extensive and costly repair work after continued usage has ruined it. •翻译:翻译:再则,对发动机异常噪音的正确解读能避免发动机在已经损坏的情况下继续使用,否则会导致后续的大量维修工作和昂贵的维修费用•3. The sideslip tester measures the distance in meters over which a wheel of an axle is dragged sideways, when the other wheel of that axle runs straight for one kilometer. •翻译:翻译:侧滑试验台以米为单位来测量,当某一轴上的一个车轮笔直向前行驶一千米时,该车轴上的另一车轮被向一旁牵引的距离(即侧滑量)•4. A diesel smoke meter uses micro-waves to detect the density of black smoke contained in the exhaust gas discharged from the diesel engine through an exhaust pipe.•翻译:翻译:柴油机烟度计用微波来检测柴油机排气管中所排出的废气中包含的黑烟的浓度。
•5.The leak detector is used for locating leaks in any pressure and vacuum system, and is also used to examine the discharge troubles in electric apparatus.•翻译:翻译:泄露检查器用于查找所有压力和真空系统中的泄露点,也用于查找电气设备中的漏电故障Exercises•1.Choose the best answer from the following choices according to the text•1) Diesel Smoke Meter is used for the measurement of smoke emitted from vehicle with• engine.• A. gasoline B. diesel C. Liquefied Petroleum Gas D. natural gas• 2) If the engine does not burn up all the fuel during the combustion process, raw gasoline goes out the tailpipe and registers as on the meter.• A. CO B.CO2 C. NOx D. HC• 3) The typical chassis dynamometer consists of rollers, a remote control pendant, and readout instruments.• A. two B. three C. four D. five• 4) The weights of the size indicated are placed on the wheel rim in the proper position( from each other on opposite wheel rims).• A. 90º B. 120º C. 180º D. 270º Exercises2.Translate the following into Chinese 1) microcomputer 2) technician 3) speedometer 4) kingpin inclination 5) wheel camber 6) opacimeter 7) fuel consumption 8) leak detector 9) power absorption unit3. Translate the following into English1) 柴油机烟度计 2) 底盘测功机 3) 发动机试验台4) 四轮定位仪 5) 发动机分析仪 6) 测滑测试仪7) 五轮传感器 8) 单片机 9) 车轮动平衡仪Exercises4. Translate the following sentences into Chinese1)Small, economical, and fun, the Ford Focus is a smart choice for those looking for a compact car.2)There are two types of automobile brake tester, reaction type automobile brake tester and flat automobile brake tester.3)The electrical logging system analyses and handles signals with a single board computer.4)The speedometer tester is used for checking the precision and the performance of automobile speedometer.5)Headlight Tester is designed for testing the luminous intensity and the illuminating position (or the optical axis deviation amount) of the high beam / low beam of vehicle headlight. 5. Translate the words or phrases in the following figure into ChineseExercises: Translate the figure THANK YOU 项目九项目九 汽车故障电脑诊断仪英文数据流汽车故障电脑诊断仪英文数据流Brief introductionWord ListComponents cognitionComponents cognitionComponents cognitionComponents cognitionComponents cognitionComponents cognitionTable 9-1Table 9-2Table 9-3Table 9-4Proper Names•reverse polarity 反接,反极性接法,逆极性•flat-contact socket 扁平插头•plug in 给…接通电源,连接•flat-contact connector 扁平连接器•engine electronics 发动机电控系统•diesel pump electronic 柴油泵电器•gearbox electronics 变速器电控系统•clutch electronics 离合器电器•brake electronics 制动器电器•wheel damping electronics 车轮阻尼电器 •drive slip control 驱动防滑控制•electronic roof control 电动车顶控制•dash panel insert 仪表盘插件•AC/Heating electronics 空调/暖风电控系统•interrogate fault memory 查询故障储存内容•sensor voltage 传感器电压•engine load 发动机负荷 •engine status 发动机状态 •intake air temperature 进气温度 Proper NamesText learning-example•Project9 Introduction to the diagnostic tester and data flow•V.A.G1552 Vehicle System Tester features •The V.A.G1552 Vehicle system tester is an easy-to-use test instrument. Take a moment to familiarize yourself with the tester features.•1 Display: Here you can read off the data which the unit outputs.•2 Socket for connecting diagnostic cable (the diagnostic cable is the connection cable between tester and vehicle).•3 Covers for program card and the RS 422 interface. Text learning-example•How can you operate the tester?•Changing the program card•All the functions of the tester are controlled by the software of the program card. The program card is the size of a cheque card.•When new vehicles come onto the market, the software for the tester has to be updated. The program card then has to be changed.•If this operating mode is selected after connecting the tester, please first of all enter two digits with the keyboard.•翻译: 如果在连接了测试仪之后选择了这一模式,请先用键盘输入二位数字。
•Once the tester has sent the last address word or the contents of the last fault memory have been read, it switches to the initial operating level.•翻译: 一旦测试仪送出最后一个地址字或最后的故障存储内容已读出,它就切换到初始操作级Translation of difficult sentence•The tester is equipped with a reverse polarity protection for the power supply through the diagnostic cable.翻译:测试仪通过测试电缆提供电源,装备有极性保护装置•Check the voltage at the black flat-contact socket in the vehicle (see letter A in Fig. 9-2 and pay attention to the polarity to avoid incorrect polarity!翻译: 检查车辆上黑色扁插头插座上的电压(见图9-2中A),注意极性,防止极性接错!Translation of difficult sentenceExercises1. Choose the best answer from the following choices according to the text1) If you wish to select one of these functions, please enter one of the numbers and confirm this entry with the key Q. A. one-digit B. two-digit C. one digit D. two digits2) The texts which actually appear the control unit which is connected and on the program card version used A. depend on B. depends on C. depend D. depended3) the diagnostic cable into the diagnosis connection in the vehicle. A. Plug B. Take C. Make D. Send4) You must not remove or insert the program card the power has been switched off. A. when B. after C. unless D. whichExercises•2.Translate the following into Chinese•1) reverse polarity 2) flat-contact socket 3)engine electronics 6) airbag•4) diesel pump electronic 7) fault memory • 5) brake electronics•8) wheel damping electronics •9) AC/Heating electronics•3. Translate the following into English•1)故障诊断仪 2)故障存储器 3)负极•4)操作模式 5) 扁平插头 6) 变速器电控系统•7) 安全气囊 8) 组合仪表 9) 电动车顶控制Exercises•4. Translate the following sentences into Chinese1) When new vehicles come onto the market, the software for the tester has to be updated. The program card then has to be changed.2) You must not remove or insert the program card unless the power has been switched off, in other words when the diagnostic cable is not connected to the vehicle!3) If the self-test is completed without any fault, the old program card is no longer needed.4) If you now press the key Q, the tester establishes the datalink to the control unit.5. Translate the following figure into Chinese THANK YOU 项目十项目十 汽车使用说明书及维修资料汽车使用说明书及维修资料学习目标:ü1.掌握使用汽车专业词典阅读与翻译汽车英文资料的方法;ü2.掌握汽车英文资料中专业术语;ü3.熟悉汽车英文资料中常见的英文词汇与缩写。
ü4.阅读汽车英文使用说明书及维修资料,并掌握简单翻译技巧ü5.正确完成课后练习任务描述:以BMW 730d为例学习英文的汽车使用说明书,学习转向盘和仪表盘上各种按钮及指示灯的含义,学习仪表盘上的不同颜色指示灯所代表的故障含义;以Lexus为例,学习识读电路图和继电器的安装位置,完成对相关单词词汇和语句的认识通过完成该任务,能阅读关于汽车使用说明书的外文文献,并能运用所学项目知识和翻译技巧,对相关维修资料进行翻译引导问题:下图的仪表灯亮代表什么意思,你知道吗?下图的仪表灯亮代表什么意思,你知道吗?引引导问题Word ListComponents cognitionComponents cognitionComponents cognitionComponents cognitionComponents cognitionComponents cognitionComponents cognitionComponents cognitionComponents cognitionProper Names•gentleman function 绅士功能•roller sunblind 遮阳卷帘•lane departure warning 车道变换警告•lane deviation warning 车道偏离警告•Head-Up Display 平视显示器•low-beam-dipped-headlights 近光灯•onboard computer 车载电脑•calling up the speed 调出速度•instrument cluster 组合仪表•entertainment source 视听设备•rain sensor 雨量传感器•opening luggage compartment lid 打开行李箱盖•revolution counter 转数表•EPS 电子助力转向•wiring diagram 电路图•maintenance manual 维修手册•female and male connectors 插座和插头•relay block 继电器座•air conditioner 空调Proper Names•acoustic control induction system声控感应系统•evaporative emission 蒸发排放•vehicle stability control 车辆稳定控制•stereo component amplifier 立体声放大组件•theft deterrent ECU 防盗电控单元Proper NamesText learning-example•Project 10 Car Manual and Maintenance Information •Car manual (Owner’s handbook for vehicle)•This manual is for BMW 730d, 740i, 740Li, 750i and 750Li. Firstly, congratulations on your choice of a BMW. The better you are acquainted with your car, the easer you will find it is to handle. We would therefore like to offer you the following advice:•Please read the owner’s handbook before setting out in your new BMW. Also use the interactive Owner’s handbook in your vehicle. It contains important notes on how to operate the car, enabling you to derive maximum benefit from the technical advantages of your BMW. It also contains useful information which will help you to uphold both the car’s operating safety and its full resale value. [1]•CBS Indicator and Warning Light•Newer BMW models feature a technology at the forefront of service innovation called Condition Based Servicing (CBS), which ensures your BMW only receives attention when it needs it, saving time and money. [2]CBS sensors monitor the condition of parts such as spark plugs, filters, and brake pads as well as all operating fluids. A microchip in your remote control key stores the data, which our BMW Approved Technicians download via a Key Reader. Translation of difficult sentence•1. It also contains useful information which will help you to uphold both the car’s operating safety and its full resale value.翻译:翻译:此外,您还会得到对本车行驶安全性及汽车最佳保值非常有用的信息。
•2. Newer BMW models feature a technology at the forefront of service innovation called Condition Based Servicing (CBS), which ensures your BMW only receives attention when it needs it, saving time and money.翻译:翻译:新宝马车型的特点在一个叫基于状态服务(CBS)的服务创新前列的技术,以确保您的BMW只在需要时接受服务,节约了时间和金钱Translation of difficult sentence•3. The following is to check indicator and warning lights on instrument cluster.翻译:翻译:以下是检查仪表指示和警告灯•4. In order to better use maintenance manuals, we have to learn how to read the wiring diagram.翻译:翻译:为了更好地使用维护手册,我们必须学会如何阅读的接线图。
•5. Indicates a Relay Block. No shading is used and only the Relay Block No. is shown to distinguish it from the J/B.翻译:翻译:表示继电器座不使用阴影,仅用继电器编号将它与接线盒区分开Exercises1. Choose the best answer from the following choices according to the text•1) The better you are with your car, the easer you will find it is to handle.A.know B. known C. acquainted D. acquainting•2)It contains important notes on how to operate the car, enabling you to maximum benefit from the technical advantages of your BMW.A.get B. derive C. receive D. oppose•3)Automatic brake intervention deactivated for safety reasons as brakes are .A.heated B. boiled C. cooled D. overheated•4)Junction Blocks are shaded to clearly separate them other parts.A.from B. with C. out D. inExercises•2.Translate the following into Chinese1) gentleman function 2) lane departure warning 3) indicator4) onboard computer 5) rain sensor 6) revolution counter 7) wiring diagram 8) air conditioner 9) malfunction Exercises3. Translate the following into English1)遮阳卷帘 2) 车道偏离警告 3) 近光灯4) 车载电脑 5) 组合仪表 6) 电路图7) 继电器座 8) 继电器座 9) 防盗电控单元Exercises•4. Translate the following sentences into Chinese–Junction Blocks are shaded to clearly separate them from other parts.–The wiring harness with male terminal is shown with arrows.–Junction connector in this manual includes a short terminal which is connected to a number of wire harnesses.–Wire harness sharing the same short terminal grouping has the same color.Exercises: Translate the figure THANK YOU 。












