第四章应急用语.doc

第四章应急用语四、口述1 > Describe briefly one of the main engine breakdown cases that you experienced or heard*(1) The case.(2) Actions taken in that case.(3) Your comments as to the actions・Last year when I worked on a bulk earner, I found the exhaust temperature of the main engine is rising quickly. There was a fire in the scavenge air box. The engine was slowed down. The fuel was shut off from the affected cylinders- I opened wide the inlet valve of the cooling wate匚 The duty motorman increased the cylinder lubrication. The fire The fire is quickly extinguished by activating the local protection system. So the quick response and proper action are very important to handling the breakdown of the main engine.2> Actions to be taken in the event of sudden stoppage of the main engine.(1) Possible reasons.(2) Actions to be taken・In the event of sudden stoppage of the main engine, the possible cause may be the safety protection system functioning, due to low lube oil pressure, fuel oil breakdown, blackout, overspeed and so on. Generally, we should take the following actions: firstly, we will carefully examine the main engine and find the causes. Secondly, we will take measures to remedy the trouble. Thirdly, we will reset and restart the main engine・3. Actions to be taken in the event of the turbocharger surge.(1) possible reasons.(2) actions to be taken.If the turbocharger surges, the possible causes include high back pressure of exhaust manifold and low flowing quantity, rapid change in load, insufficient fuel oil, bad combustion, scavenge fire and so on. In the event of turbocharger surge, we will slow down the main engine, find the causes, and do some remedies.4. Notices to be taken when the main engine running with one cylinder being cut off.In this case the engine must run in a low speed. The engineer must reduce the load of the engine. The engineer must keep watch, and some measure must be taken, when the M/E running with one cylinder being cut off, the exhaust gas temperature should not exceed normal full load temperature. If the turbocharger surges, reduce load further to avoid continuous surging・5. Actions to be taken when scavenge fire occurs.(If a scavenge fire, starts two immediate objectives arise-they are to contain the fire within the scavenge space of the engine and to prevent or minimize damage to the engine.)1. The engine must be put to dead slow ahead and the fuel must be taken off the cylinders affected by the fire. The lubrication to these cylinder must be increased to prevent seizure and all scavenge drains must be shut to prevent the discharge of sparks and burning oil from the drains into the engine room.2. A minor fire may shortly burn out without damage, and conditions will gradually return to normal. The affected units should be run on reduced power until inspection of the scavenge trunk and overhaul of the cylinder and piston can be carried out at the earliest safe opportunity. (Once navigational circumstances allow it, the engine should be stopped and the whole of the scavenge trunk examined and any oil residues found round other cylinders removed・ The actual cause of the initiation of the fire should be investigated).6. Actions to be taken when a crankcase explosion occurs.Personnel must keep away from crankcase doors and relief valves and from possible fire or blast paths near casing doors, and as well.1) Reduce speed to slow and ask bridge for permission to stop.2) When engine is stopped, stop fuel oil primary pump.3) Stop lubricating oil pump.7. Describe briefly one of the blackout cases that you experienced or heard.(1) The case,(2) Actions taken in that case.(3) Your comments as to the actions.If a blackout occurs in the engine room, we should take actions immediately.First we should inform the bridge.If the blackout relates to the generator, the stand-by generator should be started up automatically.As the visibility in the room decreases, avoid falling from a height or bumping against objects.Then we should try to find the problem causing the blackout.We should eliminate the problem as quickly as possible.8・ Describe the procedure to start an emergency generator.When we start the emergency generator, we should take the following steps. First, check the lube oil and fuel oil levels, as well as the water level. Second, the selecting switch will change over from "automatic to “manual. Third, push the starting button, and check the voltage and frequency.9. Describe the maintenance work of emergency battery.The maintenance work of emergency battery include: 1) Check the electrolyte level. 2) Keep the emergency battery clean. 3) Measure the voltage of the battery. 4) Measure the specific gravity of the electrolyte. 5) Periodically charge and discharge the battery so as to protect the plate electrode.10. Actions to be taken when a blackout occurs in the engine room.There are two reasons for blackout. The first o。