25岁才成熟吗？.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,,第二级,,第三级,,第四级,,第五级,,*,,*,25岁新的成年分界点？,,心理学家新指南中指出，在治疗年轻人时，青春期的划分截止到25岁结束这是否意味着25岁是成年的新分界点呢？,1,,New guidance for psychologists will acknowledge that adolescence now effectively runs up until the age of 25 for the purposes of treating young people. So is this the new,cut-off划分截止,point for,adulthood,?,,"The idea that suddenly at 18 you're an adult just doesn't quite ring true," says child psychologist Laverne Antrobus, who works at,“,,London's Tavistock Clinic伦敦塔维斯托克诊所.,,2,,“My experience of young people is that they still need quite a,considerable 相当大的,amount of support and help beyond that age.""We are becoming much more aware and appreciating development beyond [the age of 18] and I think it's a really good,initiative创举,," says Antrobus, who believes we often rush through childhood, wanting our youngsters to achieve key milestones very quickly.,3,,The new guidance is to help ensure that when young people reach the age of 18 they do not fall through the gaps in the health and education system. The change follows developments in our understanding of emotional maturity,,hormonal荷尔蒙,development and particularly brain activity.,4,,",Neuroscience神经科学,has made these massive advances where we now don't think that things just stop at a certain age, that actually there's evidence of brain development well into early twenties and that actually the time at which things stop is much later than we first thought," says Antrobus.“,5,,There are three stages of adolescence - early adolescence from 12-14 years, middle adolescence from 15-17 years and late adolescence from 18 years and over.,Neuroscience神经科学,has shown that a young person's cognitive development continues into this later stage and that their emotional maturity, self-image and judgment will be affected until the,prefrontal cortex of the brain大脑前额皮层,has fully developed.,6,,Alongside brain development, hormonal activity is also continuing well into the early twenties says Antrobus.,,“A number of children and young people I,encounter 遇到,between the age of 16 and 18, the,flurry 骚动,of hormonal activity in them is so great that to imagine that‘s going to settle down by the time they get to 18 really is a,misconception错觉,," says Antrobus.“,7,,She says that some adolescents may want to stay longer with their families because they need more support during these,formative years形成期,and that it is important for parents to realise that all young people do not develop at the same pace.,,But is there any danger we could be,breeding培育,a nation of young people,reluctant to不情愿,leave adolescence behind? TV,sitcoms情景喜剧,are littered with such comic stereotypes of juvenile长不大的adults,8,,Then there are those characters who want to break away from their overbearing or protective parents or guardians and reach adulthood, but struggle to cut the family ties.Frank Furedi, professor of sociology at the University of Kent, says we have,infantilized当孩子看待,young people and this has led to a growing number of young men and women in their late 20s still living at home.,9,,“Often it‘s claimed it’s for economic reasons, but actually it‘s not really for that,” says Furedi. “There is a loss of the,aspiration抱负,for independence and,striking out产生，删去,on your own. When I went to university it would have been a social death to have been seen with your parents,,whereas 然而,now it’s,the norm.常见的事情,10,,“So you have this kind of cultural shift which basically means that adolescence extends into your late twenties and that can,hamper妨碍,you in all kinds of ways, and I think what psychology does is it,inadvertently无形中,reinforces that kind of,passivity被动,and powerlessness and immaturity and,normalises普遍化,that.",11,,Furedi says that this,infantilised孩子化,culture has,intensified加剧了,a sense of "passive dependence" which can lead to difficulties in conducting mature adult relationships. There's evidence of this culture even in our,viewing preferences.影视喜好上,He does not agree that the modern world is far more difficult for young people to,navigate自立生存,.,12,,“I think that what it is, is not that the world has become crueller, it‘s just that we hold our children back from a very early age. When they’re 11, 12, 13 we don‘t let them out on their own. When they’re 14, 15, we,hover徘徊,all over them and,insulate 隔离,them from real-life experience. We treat university students the way we used to treat school pupils, so I think it‘s that type of,cumulative effect 积累效应,of,infantilisation,which is,13,,。