即兴演讲经典10大话题总结归纳.ppt
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Ten Broad TopicsEducationEnvironmentDaily life MediaTechnology Government Language & Culture Crime & AnimalFamilies Development & Globalization 1.教育类教育类 theoretical Practical nurture Physical Psychological Intelligence Intellectual Motivate Qualify Talent Curriculum Discipline Subject Team spiritAll-rounded 核心词汇核心词汇理论的理论的实用的实用的培养培养 身体上的身体上的心理上的心理上的智力智力智力的智力的激发激发使具有资格使具有资格天赋天赋课程课程纪律纪律学科学科团队精神团队精神全面的全面的 Promote the students’ physical & mental development Psychological wellbeing TalentSchoolingParentingGive the students motivation to do sthYoungstersImpart knowledgeInstill high moral valuesGive the students inspirationAdapt to sthAdaptabilityEmployable skillsLearn things by roteExtinguish creativity核心词汇核心词汇促进学生身心发展促进学生身心发展心理健康心理健康学习能力学习能力学校教育学校教育家庭教育家庭教育给学生动力给学生动力青少年青少年传授知识传授知识灌输高尚道德观灌输高尚道德观给学生灵感给学生灵感适应适应适应能力适应能力就业技能就业技能死记硬背死记硬背限制创造力发展限制创造力发展 A topic Some people think that universities should provide graduates with the knowledge and skills needed in the workplace. Others think that the true function of a university should be to give access to knowledge for its own sake, regardless of whether the course is useful to an employer. What, in your opinion, should be the main function of a university? Ten Broad TopicsEducationEnvironmentDaily life MediaTechnology Government Language & Culture Crime & AnimalFamilies Development & Globalization 2.环境类环境类 Low carbon Green Environmental-friendly Ecosystem Environmental protection Preserve Sustainable development Deplete natural resources Discharge pollutants into the environmentGreenhouse effect Global warming Discharge Toxic核心词汇核心词汇低碳低碳环保的环保的环保的环保的生态系统生态系统环境保护环境保护保护保护可持续发展可持续发展耗尽自然资源耗尽自然资源排放污染物排放污染物温室效应温室效应全球变暖全球变暖排放排放有毒的有毒的 Contaminate degrade /deteriorate Shortage Lack Deficiency Fight climate change Improve air qualityConserve energyRenewable energies such as wind, hydro and solar powersAvoid using throw-away productsEco-friendly alternatives / substitutions /replacements Consume less and recycle more核心词汇核心词汇污染污染恶化恶化短缺短缺缺乏缺乏缺乏缺乏, 不足不足抑制气候变化抑制气候变化改善空气质量改善空气质量节约能源节约能源可再生能源可再生能源, 例如风例如风能能,水能水能 和太阳能和太阳能.避免使用一次性产品避免使用一次性产品生态友好的替代品生态友好的替代品少消耗多回收少消耗多回收 2.环境类环境类常见环境问题：常见环境问题： 1.气候变化，全球变暖气候变化，全球变暖;2.空气污染，垃圾增多空气污染，垃圾增多;3.能源危机能源危机,水资源缺乏水资源缺乏,森林减少森林减少;4.自然灾害自然灾害,酸雨酸雨,沙尘暴沙尘暴,干旱，水灾干旱，水灾;1.Climate change, global warming;2.Air contamination, increase of rubbish/garbage;3.Energy crisis, water scarcity, deforestation;4.Natural disasters, acid rain, sand storm, drought, flood; 2.环境类环境类环境问题根本原因：环境问题根本原因： 5.人口增长人口增长;6.工业发展工业发展;7.过度城市化过度城市化;8.长期的人类活动长期的人类活动;5. population expansion;6. industrial development;7. excessive urbanization8. long-term human activities; 2.环境类环境类有效的解决方法：有效的解决方法： 1.世界方面世界方面: 全球合作全球合作, 达成共识达成共识, 制定环保国际标准制定环保国际标准;2.政府方面政府方面: 制定环保政策制定环保政策, 鼓励低碳经济发展鼓励低碳经济发展;3.科技方面科技方面: 大力开发可再生的大力开发可再生的, 清洁的新能源清洁的新能源,投资研发节能科技投资研发节能科技;4.公司方面公司方面:应推出环保产品应推出环保产品,引领大众绿色消费习惯引领大众绿色消费习惯;5.个人方面个人方面:提升环保意识提升环保意识,倡导低碳生活方式倡导低碳生活方式;1. Global cooperation, reach the agreement, set international standards for environment protection;2. Make laws, encourage low-carbon economy;3. Exploit renewable, green energy, invest in energy-saving technologies;4. Promote environmental-friendly products, lead green consuming habits5. Raise public’s green awareness, encourage low-carbon lifestyle 2.环境类环境类 ⑴⑴ Some industrialized countries have serious environmental problems. The damage to the environment is an inevitable result when a country tends to improve the standard of living. To what extent do you agree or disagree?⑵⑵Environmental problems are serious in many countries. It means that the only possible way to protect the environmentis at an international level. To what extent do you agree or disagree on the hypothesis? 2.环境类环境类 ⑶⑶ The best way to solve the world’s environmental problems is to increase the price of fuel. To what extent do you agree or disagree?⑷⑷Long distance flights use more fuel than cars and pollute the environment. We should discourage non-essential flights instead of limiting the use of cars. To what extent do you agree or disagree? 2.环境类环境类 ⑸⑸Many people believe that the human society has developed into a throw-away society, which is filled with plastic bags and rubbish. What are the causes and solutions?⑹⑹Water resources around the world are falling deficient. Analyze the possible reasons and provide your suggestions. Individuals can do nothing to improve the environment; only governments and large companies can make a difference. To what do you agree or disagree? Ten Broad TopicsEducationEnvironmentDaily life MediaTechnology Government Language & Culture Crime & AnimalFamilies Development & Globalization 3.科技类科技类 TransformBreakthroughAdvanceA staggering rateInformation overloadEnhance/ boostInnovationsTelecommunicationsproductive核心词汇核心词汇改变改变突破突破发展发展惊人的速度惊人的速度信息爆炸信息爆炸提高提高创新创新远程通讯远程通讯高生产率的高生产率的 The Internet has dramatically altered our lives over the past few decades. Although some of these changes have been negative, the overall effect of this technology has been positive. What are your opinions on this? Ten Broad TopicsEducationEnvironmentDaily life MediaTechnology Government Language & Culture Crime & AnimalFamilies Development & Globalization 6.政府类政府类 PriorityStabilityEstablishSolve/ tackle/ addressAlleviateInvest in/ allocate money toThe authoritiesBan/ forbidMonitorAdministerTax revenueDemocraticdemand核心词汇核心词汇首要任务首要任务稳定稳定建立建立解决解决缓解缓解对对…投资投资当局当局禁止禁止监督监督管理管理税收税收民主的民主的需求需求 CitizensImplementLegislate/ make lawsStrictly prohibitStringent lawsThe government spendingPriorityGive priority to sthResponsibilitySelf- defenseNational securityA democratic and progressive government核心词汇核心词汇老百姓老百姓实施实施立法立法严禁严禁严格的法律严格的法律政府开支政府开支当务之急当务之急把把..当做当务之急当做当务之急责任责任自我防卫自我防卫国土安全国土安全明主开明的政府明主开明的政府 6.政府类政府类 Smoking is a major cause of serious illness and death throughout the world today. In the interest of public health, governments should ban cigarettes and other tobacco products.Do you agree or disagree?Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge or experience. Ten Broad TopicsEducationEnvironmentDaily life MediaTechnology Government Language & Culture Crime & AnimalFamilies Development & Globalization 6.家庭类家庭类⑴⑴老人老人⑵⑵儿童儿童⑶⑶妇女妇女⑷⑷工作工作 老人老人 Silver tsunamiTwilight life Age Elderly Senior Demographics Retirement Pension Volunteer Expert 核心词汇核心词汇银发危机银发危机晚年晚年变老变老老年的老年的年长的年长的人口统计状况人口统计状况退休退休养老金养老金,退休金退休金志愿者志愿者专家专家 老人老人 In many countries, the proportion of older people is steadily increasing. Does this trend have more positive or negative effects on society? 6.家庭类家庭类⑴⑴老人老人⑵⑵儿童儿童⑶⑶妇女妇女⑷⑷工作工作 ImpressionableVulnerableAddictiveCuriousImitateNaughtyDisciplineOutdoor activityCouch potatoGrow up核心词汇核心词汇容易受影响的容易受影响的易受伤的易受伤的上瘾的上瘾的好奇的好奇的模仿模仿顽皮的顽皮的纪律纪律户外运动户外运动电视迷电视迷长大长大 6.家庭类家庭类⑴⑴老人老人⑵⑵儿童儿童⑶⑶妇女妇女⑷⑷工作工作 妇女妇女 genderSex discriminationSex harassmentPatientAggressiveGossipHousewifePregnantChild bearingChild rearing⑶⑶核心词汇核心词汇性别性别性别歧视性别歧视性骚扰性骚扰耐心的耐心的好斗的好斗的闲聊闲聊家庭主妇家庭主妇怀孕的怀孕的生育孩子生育孩子养育孩子养育孩子 6.家庭类家庭类⑴⑴老人老人⑵⑵儿童儿童⑶⑶妇女妇女⑷⑷工作与家庭工作与家庭 workaholicCareer pathLifestylestresscolleagueIntense/fierce/keen competitionFast-pacedFatigue Workplace 核心词汇核心词汇工作狂工作狂职业道路职业道路生活方式生活方式压力压力同事同事激烈的竞争激烈的竞争快速的快速的疲劳疲劳职场职场 With divorce rates and family breakdowns increasing globally, it is generally accepted that families today are not close as they used to be.Discuss the causes of this problem and offer some possible solutions to it. As most people spend a major part of their adult life at work, job satisfaction is an important element of individual wellbeing. What factors contribute to job satisfaction? How realistic is the expectation of job satisfaction of all workers? Brainstorming其中其中” job satisfaction”指指“工作满意度工作满意度”, element是是“成份成份”,factor是是“因素因素”, realistic 是是“现实的现实的”.分析：第一个问题问的是有哪些因素会影响员工的工作满意度呢？分析：第一个问题问的是有哪些因素会影响员工的工作满意度呢？第二个问题本质是问从现实情况说说每个员工都对工作满意是否现第二个问题本质是问从现实情况说说每个员工都对工作满意是否现实？两个问题可以分别在两个主题段里回答实？两个问题可以分别在两个主题段里回答.影响员工满意度的因素可以从影响员工满意度的因素可以从 efficiency, soul (stress),rights, environment, health, competition, money等很多方面中选择论等很多方面中选择论述；述；而雇主可以为改善员工满意度所做的事情可以通过而雇主可以为改善员工满意度所做的事情可以通过 responsibility, money, space, fun, culture (corporate culture 企业文化企业文化) 等等方面瞬间搞定方面瞬间搞定. Ten Broad TopicsEducationEnvironmentDaily life MediaTechnology Government Language & Culture Crime & AnimalFamilies Development & Globalization 7.犯罪犯罪 criminalInnocentJailJuvenile delinquencyPreventive measureOffenderPunishCommit a crimeThreat to public safetyDeterrent effect核心词汇核心词汇罪犯罪犯清白的清白的监狱监狱青少年犯罪青少年犯罪预防措施预防措施违法者违法者惩罚惩罚犯罪犯罪威胁公共安全威胁公共安全威慑作用威慑作用 7.动物动物 preserveCruel/ inhuman/ brutalbiodiversitycompanionsEndangered speciesAnimal right activistsMedical researchAlleviate / relieve animals’ painDrug researchMedical technology核心词汇核心词汇保护保护残酷的残酷的生物多样性生物多样性伙伴伙伴濒危动物濒危动物动物权益保护主义者动物权益保护主义者医学研究医学研究减轻动物的痛苦减轻动物的痛苦药物研发药物研发医疗技术医疗技术 Trying to save endangered animal species from extinction is a waste of valuable resources.Do you agree or disagree? Some people think that using animals for experimentation purpose is cruel and should not be allowed under any circumstance.To what extent do you agree or disagree with this statement? Ten Broad TopicsEducationEnvironmentDaily life MediaTechnology Government Language & Culture Crime & AnimalFamilies Development & Globalization 8.媒体媒体 prevalentobjectivebiasedcelebrityjournalistsThe presscoveragemisleadingdependableUp-to-the-minute核心词汇核心词汇无处不在的无处不在的客观的客观的不客观的不客观的名人名人记者记者新闻界新闻界报道报道有误导性的有误导性的可靠的可靠的非常及时的非常及时的 8.媒体媒体&广告广告 commercialPublic service advertisingadvertiserMarketing toolshopaholicstimulatepromotionTarget audiencePurchase decision核心词汇核心词汇商业广告商业广告公益广告公益广告登广告者登广告者市场营销手段市场营销手段购物狂购物狂刺激刺激促销促销目标受众目标受众购买决定购买决定 Ten Broad TopicsEducationEnvironmentDaily life MediaTechnology Government Language & Culture Crime & AnimalFamilies Development & Globalization 9.语言语言&文化文化 The proliferation of…Plays a dominant role in…Go extinctLesser-known languagesThe widespread use ofA universal/ global languageThe proliferation of EnglishThe dominant role of EnglishDialectLesser-known languages will become extinctThe extinction of lesser-known language核心词汇核心词汇…的大量扩散的大量扩散在在…占统治地位占统治地位灭绝灭绝小语种小语种…的广泛使用的广泛使用一种可通用的语言一种可通用的语言英语的广泛使用英语的广泛使用英语的统治地位英语的统治地位方言方言小语种将会消亡小语种将会消亡小语种的灭亡小语种的灭亡 Ten Broad TopicsEducationEnvironmentDaily life MediaTechnology Government Language & Culture Crime & AnimalFamilies Development & Globalization 10.发展发展&全球化全球化 10.发展发展经济发展和城市化的好处：经济发展和城市化的好处：1.就业机会多就业机会多, 收入高收入高;2.交通交通, 教育教育, 医疗医疗, 娱乐等基础设施完善；娱乐等基础设施完善；1.More employment opportunities, higher income;2.Better living conditions and infrastructures;经济发展和城市化的坏处：经济发展和城市化的坏处：1.加大贫富差距加大贫富差距;2.以破坏环境为代价以破坏环境为代价;1.Widen the gap between the rich and the poor;2.At the cost of environment; 发展发展 ⑴⑴ Some findings have revealed that cities around the world are growing large. Could you outline the possible causes and predict consequences? ⑵⑵ Many people believe that economic progress is one way to measure the success of a country, while some people think there are other factors. What is your opinion? ⑶⑶Some people hold the belief that urbanization brings many advantages, while others think that it certainly brings more disadvantages. What is your opinion? 10.全球化全球化全球化全球化& 多元文化多元文化 优点：优点：1.必然的必然的, 不可逆转的趋势不可逆转的趋势;2.提升人们的生活质量；提升人们的生活质量；3.促进经济发展；促进经济发展；4.加强了不同文化之间的相互沟通、理解和尊重加强了不同文化之间的相互沟通、理解和尊重;5.移民语言障碍移民语言障碍, 文化冲突文化冲突;6.歧视、宗教矛盾、公共治安问题歧视、宗教矛盾、公共治安问题;1.Inevitable and irreversible trend;2.Improve people’s living standard;3.Boost economic development;4.Enhance communication, appreciation and respect among different cultures;5.Immigrants’ language barrier, culture shock;6.Discrimination; religious conflict; public order issues; 全球化全球化 ⑴⑴ Multicultural societies, which are a mixture of different ethnic groups, bring more benefits than drawbacks for a country. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this conclusion? ⑵⑵ Some people think that increasing business and cultural contacts worldwide have positive influences on development; others think that they have more negative effects. Discuss both views and give your opinion. Ten Broad TopicsEducationEnvironmentDaily life MediaTechnology Government Language & Culture Crime & AnimalFamilies Development & Globalization 11.日常生活日常生活⑴⑴衣衣⑵⑵食食⑶⑶住住⑷⑷行行⑸⑸娱乐娱乐 衣衣 popularityoptionVogue/ fadGorgeousDress paradeSuperficialpeacockery confident核心词汇核心词汇普及、流行普及、流行选项选项时尚时尚华丽的华丽的时装表演时装表演表面的、肤浅的表面的、肤浅的虚荣虚荣自信的自信的 11.日常生活日常生活⑴⑴衣衣⑵⑵食食⑶⑶住住⑷⑷行行⑸⑸娱乐娱乐 diversityNutritiousMealUnhealthyhigh-fatObeseRecipeCalorieHome cooking核心词汇核心词汇多样性多样性营养的营养的一餐一餐不健康的不健康的高脂肪的高脂肪的肥胖的肥胖的食谱食谱卡路里卡路里家中做饭家中做饭 11.日常生活日常生活⑴⑴衣衣⑵⑵食食⑶⑶住住⑷⑷行行⑸⑸娱乐娱乐 architectureestheticsUser-friendlycomfortableskyscraperApartment/ flaturbanization核心词汇核心词汇建筑物建筑物美学美学方便用户的方便用户的舒适的舒适的摩天大楼摩天大楼公寓公寓城市化城市化 11.日常生活日常生活⑴⑴衣衣⑵⑵食食⑶⑶住住⑷⑷行行⑸⑸娱乐娱乐 行行万能思路：万能思路：1.开阔眼界开阔眼界, 增长见识增长见识,学习当地文化学习当地文化;2.带动旅游城市经济发展带动旅游城市经济发展: 酒店、饭店和航空酒店、饭店和航空,增加当地居民收入增加当地居民收入;3.促进交流、增进理解促进交流、增进理解;4.给当地环境带来巨大压力，环境污染给当地环境带来巨大压力，环境污染;5.文化差异可能引起误解、冲突文化差异可能引起误解、冲突;6.城市或国家经济发展要平衡城市或国家经济发展要平衡,不能过度依赖旅游业不能过度依赖旅游业;1.Broaden one’s horizon; enrich one’s experience & knowledge2.Boost local economy; hotels, restaurants, air industry;3.Promote communication, reinforce understanding;4.Place a heavy burden on local environment; contamination;5.Cultural differences would cause misunderstand/ conflicts6.Should not be over-dependent on tourist industry, balanced economic development 行行 International travel is becoming cheaper, and countries are opening their doors to more and more tourists. Do the advantages of increased tourism outweigh its disadvantages? 11.日常生活日常生活⑴⑴衣衣⑵⑵食食⑶⑶住住⑷⑷行行⑸⑸娱乐娱乐 娱乐、艺术娱乐、艺术万能思路：万能思路：1.艺术是文化的一部分艺术是文化的一部分, 在不同的社会有不同的形式；而科学具有在不同的社会有不同的形式；而科学具有 共性共性, 四海皆准；四海皆准；2.艺术满足人们的精神和感情需求艺术满足人们的精神和感情需求, 丰富文化生活丰富文化生活; 而科技发展体而科技发展体 现人们对知识的追求现人们对知识的追求,提高社会生产力提高社会生产力, 丰富物质财富丰富物质财富;3.艺术是主观的；艺术是主观的； 科学是客观的科学是客观的;4.科学给人们带来便利科学给人们带来便利, 艺术给人们带来快乐艺术给人们带来快乐;1.Arts vary in different societies; science can be applied to the whole world;2. Arts satisfy people’s spiritual and emotional needs, and enrich cultural life; science enriches material wealth;3. Subjective vs objective; 娱乐、艺术娱乐、艺术 The advance of science and technology has a significant impact on people, but the role of artists is also important, such as musicians, painters and writers. What can the arts tell us about life that science cannot? 幸福幸福万能思路：万能思路：1.幸福是一种主观感受；幸福是一种主观感受；2.不同年龄、不同喜好、不同社会背景的人当然有不同的定义不同年龄、不同喜好、不同社会背景的人当然有不同的定义;3.我认为获得的幸福的因素包括我认为获得的幸福的因素包括… 衣食住行衣食住行….;1.Subjective feeling;2. People at different life stages with various likes from diverse social backgrounds surely do not have the same definition of happiness;3. …; Happiness is very important to individuals, but it is very hard to define. Why is happiness hard to define? What factors are important in achieving happiness? 。
