祈使句语法及练习题.doc

祈使句祈使句指的是表示命令、请求、建议或劝告的句子其主语 you 常省略，谓语动词用原形， 句末用感叹号或句号，读降调1. 肯定的祈使句 （1）动词原形+其他 Stand up, please. = Please stand up. 请起立 （2）Be + n./adj. Be a good boy! 要做一个好孩子! Be careful! = Look out! = Take care! 小心 / 当心！ （3）Let + 宾语 + 动词原形 + 其它成分 Let me help you. 让我来帮你 Let’s go to school together. 咱们一起上学去吧 2. 否定的祈使句 (1) Don't + 动词原形 Don't stand up. 别站起来 Don't be careless. 别粗心 Don't let them play with fire. 别让他们玩火 （2）Let 型的否定式有两种:“Don't + let + 宾语 + 动词原形 + 其它成分”和“Let + 宾语+ not + 动词原形 + 其它成分” Don't let him go. / Let him not go. 别让他走。

Let them not play with fire. 别让他们玩火3）no 开头,用来表示禁止性的祈使句 No smoking! 禁止吸烟!No fishing! 禁止钓鱼! 3. 祈使句的强调形式，通常在肯定祈使句式前加上助动词 Do 例如：Do shut up! 快住口！ 4. 祈使句的回答 祈使句的动作通常是表示将来发生的动作，所以回答祈使句时，一般用will 或 won’t 在回答具有否定意义的祈使句时，要注意两点： 1)形式一致(即 Yes 与 will 保持一致；No 与 won’t 保持一致) 2) 意思相反(即 Yes 是 “不”的意思；No 是 “是”的意思) 在回答时，要注意分析上 下文语境中所提供的条件 如：--- Don’t go out, please. It’s raining heavily outside. 请不要出去外面雨下得很大 Yes, I will. I have to meet my brother at the airport. 不行，我得去机场接我弟弟 5. 祈使句的反意疑问句 (1) 肯定祈使句的反意疑问句反问部分用 will you 或 won't you。

Please open the door, will/ won’t you? 请把门打开，好吗？ (2) 否定祈使句的反意疑问句反问部分只用 will you Don't be late again, will you? 别再 迟到了，行不行？ (3) 以 let's 开头的祈使句反意疑问句反问部分用 shall we Let's turn on the TV, shall we?我们把电视打开，好吗？ 只有以 let's 开头的祈使句的反意疑问句的反问部分才用 shall we，而 let us 开 头的祈使句的反意疑问句的反问部分应为 will you 或 won't you.如： Let us stay here, will/ won't you? 请（你）让我们留在这好吗？祈使句专项练习一. 用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空 1. It’s an important meeting. _________________ (not, be )late. 2. ________________ (not,make) any nise! Your mother is sleeping. 3. ________________ (not, speak) with your mouth full of food and _________ (be) polite.4. ________________ ( not, talk) and ____________ (read) aloud. 5. _______________ (not,leave) your homework for tomorrow, Larry. 6. ________________ (look) out! A car is coming. 7. _______________ (give) us ten years and just see what our country will be like . 8. ________________ (not, let) the baby cry. 9. Wear more clothes or you ____________ (catch) a cold. 10. Let’s _______________ (not, say) anything about it. 二、单项选择 1. The TV is too loud. Please________. A. turn it down B. to turn it down C. turn down it D. to turn down it2. _______ late again, Bill! A. Don't to be B. Don't be C. Not be D. Be not 3. ___ cross the road until the traffic lights turn green. A. Not B. Won't C. Doesn't D. Don't 4. Please help me carry it, ______? A. will I B. will you C. shall I D. shall we 5. Don't make so much noise, ______? A. will you B. won't you C. shall we D. do you 6. Do you know the girl ______under the tree? A. stand B. to stand C. standing D. stood7. Kate, _______ your homework here tomorrow. A. bring B. brings C. to bring D. bringing 8. ________ me the truth, or I'll be angry. A. Telling B. To tell C. Told D. Tell 9. I've kept the dog _______Maomao for a long time. A. Name B. named C. naming D. toname 10. Don't you know that __ is good for our health? A. swimB. swimming C. swam D. swims 11 .Her doctor said: “________ work so hard” A Stop B Don’t C Can’t D No 12. Sindy, ________ to be here at 8 o’clock A is sure B is sure that C will be sure D be sure 13.________ when you cross the road. A Do care B Care C Do be careful D To be careful 14. ________him the secret, will you? A Don’t tell B Not to tell C Not telling D No telling 15. ________ in bed. It’s bad for your eyes. A Not to read B Don’t read C Don’t to read D Not read 16. ________ Your child. We’ll look after him. A Not to worry about B Don’t worry about C Not worry for D Don’t worry with 17.They are very tired. Why ________ have a rest? A not they B do not they C don’t they D not to 18 --You look rather tired. ________ stopping to have a rest? -- All right. A Why not B How about C Why not to D why don’t 19 ______ tell a lie. A Hardly B Not C No D Never 20.Please ________ look outside. Look at the blackboard. A not B don’t C aren’t D can’t 三、句型转换 1. Will you please read it again more slowly? （改为祈使句）_______ ________ again more slowly, please. 2. If you don't listen to me, I'll go. （改为同义句） ________ ________me, or I’ll go. 3. Let's watch the sports games. （改为反意疑问句）Let's watch the sports games, _______ _____? 4. The teachers often tell the students not to be careless. （改为祈使句）_______ _______careless, please. 5. Please sit next to Nancy. （改为否定句） _______ _______ next to Nancy. 6. Don't forget to turn off the lights, please. （改为反意疑问句）Don't forget to turn off the lights, _______ _______? 7. If you move, you'll die. （改为同义句） _______ __。