
山东省学位英语语法精讲-副词的种类及用法-全精选.docx
6页山东省学位英语语法精讲-副词的种类及用法-全 山东省学位英语语法精讲-副词的种类及用法 一、副词的种类 副词修饰动词、形容词、副词、介词短语或整个句子,说明时间、地点、程度、方式等概念 1、时间副词 常见的时间副词有now,then,soon,recently,lately,finally,before,today,tomorrow,yesterday,tonight,,immediately,already,yet等例如:Let’s go to the cinema tonight. 今晚我们去看电影吧 2、地点副词 常见的地点副词有here,there,up,down,away,nearby,ahead,abroad,indoors,overseas,halfway,upstairs,downstairs等例如: Go and stand over there. 去那边站着 3、方式副词 表示动作的行为方式,许多以-ly结尾的副词都是方式副词,如carefully,happily,quietly, warmly,correctly,politely,angrily,badly等。
例如: He angrily tore up the letter. 他生气的把信纸撕碎了 4、频率副词 表示动作发生的次数,常见的有often,never,rarely,always,once,ever,seldom,occasionlly,constantly,frequently,usually等例如: He often comes to see us. 他常来看我们 5、程度副词 表示程度,常见的有quite,rather,pretty,greatly,much,fairly,very,too,almost,such,so,nearly,half,highly,really,partly等例如:Houses are much more expensive these days. 如今的房价贵多了 6、疑问副词 用来引导特殊疑问句,常见的有when,where,how,why等例如:When will he come? 他什么时候来? 7、连接副词 可以分为两类,一类用于连接句子,常见的有therefore,besides,otherwise,however,nevertheless,thus,meanwhile等。
另一类用来引导不定式以及主语从句、宾语从句或表语从句,主要有when,where,why,how等例如:I don’t like it;besides,it’s too expensive. 我不喜欢它,而且,它也太贵了 8、关系副词 用来引导定语从句,有where,when,why等例如: I’ll never forget the day when I joined the army. 我永远忘不了参军的那一天 9、句子副词 用于修饰句子,表明说话人的观点和看法,如actually,clearly,fortunately,frankly,v,obviously,perhaps,possibly,surely,probably,undoubtedly 等例如: Obviously,he can not tell the difference between them. 显然他无法区分两者的不同 二、副词的用法 副词的主要用法有三种:在句中做状语;在句中作修饰语;在句中做表语1、副词作状语 They can hardly ignore our views. 他们很难忽视我们的意见。
Frankly,I can do nothing about it. 坦白地讲,我对此无能为力 2、副词作修饰语 副词作修饰语时,多为表示时间、地点的副词例如: He turned the radio down so that he shouldn’t disturb the old lady downstairs. 为了不打扰楼下的老太太,他把收音机音量调低了 The air here is very fresh. 这儿的空气很新鲜 3、副词作表语 He has been down ever since he heard the bad news. 他自从听到那个坏消息以来一直情绪低落 The TV is off. 这个电视机是关着的 1、副词可以修饰形容词,如almost,fairly,perfectly,pretty,quite,rather,really,so,too,very等例如: That was a very funny film. 那是一部非常有趣的电影 The old lady got up quite early. 那个老太太起的相当早。
注意:副词的上述用法都放在形容词之前,做前置修饰语,只有enough例外,enough修饰形容词位于形容词之后,作后置修饰语例如: He didn’t run fast enough. 他跑得不够快 2、当修饰信工此时,并不是所有的形容词都可以修饰形容词原级、比较级或最高级具体情况如下: ①只能修饰形容词原级的副词:quite,so,too例如: He is too tried to walk on. 他太累了,不能再走下去了 My brother runs so fast that I can‘t follow him. 我弟弟跑得那么快,以至于我都跟不上 ②可以修饰形容词比较级的副词:any,so,much,a lot,a great deal,rather,far,a little,a bit,even,still例如: Lesson one is much easier than lesson two. 第一节课比第二节课容易的多Tom looks even younger than before. 汤姆看起来甚至比以前更年期。
③常见的修饰形容词最高级的副词:by far,nearly,almost,by no means,very,second等例如: They from by far the largest population group in Africa. 他们构成非洲最大的人口群 I’m nearly the oldest in the firm. 我几乎是公司里年纪最大的了 ④very不能修饰比较级,却可修饰最高级,但它与一般的修饰最高级的副词有所不同即它要放在最高级前,定冠词之后例如: I want to give my children the very best education I can afford. 我想给我的孩子力所能及的教育 ⑤second,third,next等也要放在定冠词之后例如: The Yellow River is the second longest in China. 黄河是中国的第二长河This is the third largest building in the city. 这是这座城市的第三大建筑物。
3、副词可以修饰介词短语例如: There’s house, right in front of you. 哪里有幢房子,就在你的正前方His parents are dead against the trip. 他的父母极力反对这次旅行。
