初二英语上册知识点.docx

初二英语上册知识点 1.主语： 表示句子所说的是“什么人”或“什么事儿”，一般由名词，代词或相当于名词的词或者（短语）充当 例如：Gina is from Australia. She often goes to the movies. This kind of juice tastes good! 2.谓语： 主语发出的动作一般是有动作意义的动词谓语和主语在人称和数两个方面必需保持全都 例如： We are both quiet. He has a smart phone. You should study harder. Her parents are teachers. 3. 宾语： 分为动词宾语和介词宾语，属于动作的承受者 例如：Hes playing soccer. Good food and exercise help me to study harder. 4. 系动词： 表示状态或状态变化的动词，没有实际的动作意义。

如 be, 感官系动词(look, sound, smell, taste 和 feel)、保持类系动词(keep, stay 和 remain)、状态变化类系动词(become、get、turn 和 go)等 This picture looks so beautiful. Keep working, you will see the post office on your right. 5. 表语： 紧跟系动词后面的成分说明主语是什么或者怎么样，由 n. adj. 或者相当于名词或形容词的词或者短语，和系动词一起构成谓语 例如：Her mother is a bank clerk. Are you ready? We were at home last night. 6. 定语： 修饰名词或代词的成分作定语的出形容词外，还有代词、数词、名词、介词短语或相当于形容词的`词或者短语 例如： Peel three bananas. Whats your name, please? Shes a good basketball player. 7. 状语： 修饰形容词、副词、动词或句子的成分。

一般表示行为发生的时间地点目的方式程度等意义通常有副词、介词短语或相当于的副词的词或短语来表示 例如：People are all working hard. Beijing is not very cold in winter. 8. 补语： 分为宾语补足语和主语补足语是对宾语和主语的补充说明，与其有主动或被动的规律关系 例如：You should keep the room clean and tidy. 你应当让屋子保持洁净干净 (You是主语， should keep是谓语，the room是宾语，clean and tidy是宾语补足语) This kind of food tastes delicious. 这种食物吃起来很可口 (This kind of food是主语， tastes是系动词， delicious是表语) 留意：主语、谓语、宾语、系动词、表语、补语是一个句子的主干成分;定语和状语是一个句子的修饰性成分，不是主干成分 初二上英语学问点总结 Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation? 本单元的话题：谈论假期活动内容，复习一般过去时。

本单元的语法： 1.复习一般过去时; 2.学习不定代词和不定副词的用法 3.不定代词和不定副词的用法： (1)左边的some、any、every、no与右边的body、one、thing构成不定代词，some、any、every、no与右边的疑问副词where构成不定副词; (2)一般状况下以some开头的不定代词和不定副词用于确定句，以any开头的不定代词和不定副词用于否认句、疑问句;以no开头的不定代词和不定副词表示否认含义(no one为两个单词); (3)不定代词或不定副词和形容词连用时，形容词放在后面 He has something important to do.他有重要的事情要做确定句用something，形容词important放后) Did you buy anything special? (一般疑问句用anything，形容词special放后) Did you go anywhere interesting last month?上个月你去令人感兴趣的地方了吗? (一般疑问句用不定副词anywhere，形容词interesting放后) (4)不定代词和不定副词做主语时，后面的动词用单数形式。

Everone is here today.今日每个人都在这里 本单元的短语和学问点： 1. go on vacation去度假 go to the mountains 上山/进山 2.stay at home呆在家go to the beach去海滩 visit museums 参观博物馆 go to summer camp去参观夏令营 3. study for tests为考试而学习备考 go out出去 4. quite a few相当多,不少(后跟可数名词复数)take photos照相 most of the time大局部时间 5.buy sth for sb = buy sb sth为某人买某物 6. taste good. 尝起来很好 taste(尝起来)、look(看起来)、sound(听起来)为感官动词，后跟形容词 7.have a goodgreatfun time过得快乐，玩得开心(=enjoy oneself) 8. go shopping去购物 9. nothing…but+动词原形：除了……之外什么都没有 He had nothing to do at home but read yesterday.昨天他在家除了读书无事可做。

10. seem to do sth:似乎… I seem to know him.我似乎熟悉他 seem+(to be)+形容词：看起来…The work seems(to be)easy.这工作看起来很简单 11.keep a diary记（日记） 12. in+大地方：到达某地 (get to +地方：到达某地) arrive at+小地方：到达某地 (get的过去式为got) 若是arrive和get后跟home、there、here三个地点副词，后面的介词inat o必需去掉 Tom got home yesterday evening=Tom arrived home yesterday evening.昨晚汤姆到家 13.decide to do sth:打算做某事 14. try doing sth.尝试做某事try to do sth.尽力去做某事 15. feel like给…的感觉;感受到 16. in the past 在过去 walk around四处走走 enjoy doing sth:喜爱做某事 difference(名词，差异，差异)---- different(形容词，不同的) 18.start doing sth：开头做某事 (= start to do sth) 19.19.over an hour一个多小时 (over超过，多余 = more than) 20. too many 太多，后接可数名词复数。

too much 太多，后跟不行数名词，修饰动词作状语 much too 太，后跟形容词或副词 ， 辨别三者的口诀： too much, much too, 用法区分看后头:much 后接不行数,too 后修饰形或副too many 要记住，后面名词必复数 21. because of 由于,后接名词、代词或动名词(即动词+ing)，不能接句子 because由于，后跟句子 He was late for school because of getting up late.他由于起晚而上学迟到get为动词) = He was late for school because he got up late. 22. enough(足够的)与名词连用，一般放在名词前He has enough money . 23. enough(足够的)与形容词或副词连用，enough放在后面He is old enough to go to school. 24. doing sth.遗忘已经做过某事(已经做完) Forget to do sth.遗忘去做某事(还未做)(forget的过去式为forgot) 25. so+形容词+that+句子：如此…以至于… too+形容词+to do sth：太…以至于不能… 形容词+enough to do sth：足够…能够做某事(留意三个句型有时可以互换) He is so young that he can′t go to school.= He is too young to go to school. = He isn′t old enough to go to school. Unit 2 How often do you exercise? 本单元的话题：谈论生活习惯，复习一般现在时。

本单元的语法：1.复习一般现在时;2.学习表示频率副词的用法 主要频率副词的等级排序：always(总是) usually (通常) often(常常) sometimes(有时) hardly ever(很少) never(从不) 这些副词在句子中的位置，一般放在助动词、be动词或情态动词之后，行为动词之前即：“行”前“助(系)”后 Peter is always late for school. Peter上学总是迟到 I usually do my homework in the evening. 我通常在晚上做作业 提问 always, sometimes, twice a day 等频率副词，用 How often I watch TV every day.我每天都看电视→How often do you watch TV?(你多长时间看一次电视?) 本单元。