(完整版)医学本科毕业论文-高血压犯病及其因素影响分析5223512.doc

本科生毕业论文 (设计 )题目张家口市某社区高血压患病率及影响因素研究姓 名 李海清指导教师 王海平二级学院 河北北方医学学院专业中医医学年级2012 级学号2014年 11 月 16 日目 录封面.....................................................目 录...................................................摘 要...................................................英文摘要.................................................前 言...................................................1. 对象与方法..........................................1.1 研究对象. ..............................................1.2 研究方法. ..............................................2. 结果与分析..........................................2.1 高血压患病率. ...........................错误！未定义书签2.2 各种影响因素与高血压相关性..............错误！未定义书签2.3 logistic回归分析.......................错误！未定义书签3. 结论................................................4. 讨论.................................错误！未定义书签参考文献.................................................致 谢...................................................诚信声明.................................................摘 要从 1911 年 Frank 提出原发性高血压 (essential ，EH)这一概念以来，原发性高血压现已成为危害人民群众健康的最常见疾病，是全球范围内最大的公共卫生题。

原发性高血压是以血压升高为主要临床表现的综合征，无论在发达国家还是发展中国家都是一种常见病，是多种心、脑血管疾病的重要病因和危险因素目前， 50％心血管疾病的病因是高血压，而高血压在全球疾病负担中所占比率已达 4.5 ％现在估计全世界成人中有高血压患者 9.72 亿 , 到 2025 年这一数字将增加到 15.6 亿我国共进行了三次全国范围内年龄 15 岁及以上人群的高血压抽样调查， 1958～ 1959 年高血压患病率为 5.11 ％；年患病率为 7.73 ％;1991 年患病率为 11.26 ％，呈逐渐上升的趋势目的了解张家口市某社区居民高血压的患病率与相关影响因素，为有针对性地制定社区人群高血压的预防和控制策略提供科学依据方法采用分阶段系统抽样的方法，在随机抽取的 8 个居委会中，每个居委会随机抽取 100 户，最后共抽取 800 个居民户 , 总抽样比例为 6.40%（）；对抽中的样本家庭中实际居住的全部成员（即居住并生活在一起的家庭成员和其他人；如单身居住生活的，也作为一个住户家庭）进行调查，并对获得的相关的信息进行统计分析结果2151 调查对象中共有高血压患者 391 人，该社区 15 岁以上居民高血压粗患病率为 18.18%，其中男性患病率为 16.62%，女性患病率为 19.58%，男女差别没有统计学意义（ X2 =3.157,P=0.472,P>0.05 ）。

高血压患病率随年龄的增加而上升， 年龄组间高血压患病率有统计学差异 （ X2=510.24 ，P=0.000）单因素 logistic回归分析结果显示，除性别、吸烟、饮酒、口味咸淡与高血压患病率无关外（ P>0.209）外，其他因素包括其他慢性疾病、文化程度、体质指数和年龄都与高血压患病率有关（ P=0.000）结论该社区居民高血压患病率为 18.18%，略低于全国高血压患病率，但与[10]相关研究中显示的广州市居民高血压患病率 17.2% 高出近一个百分点提示在高血压防治工作中，我们应该充分利用社区资源，广泛开展健康教育，提高高血压的治疗率和控制率，改善高血压的预防和治疗状况关键词 ： 高血压 社区 患病率 影响因素英文摘要ABSTRACTSince Frank of essential in 1911, the most familiar disease tothe global biggest public is a clinical syndrome characterized mainly with the elevation of blood pressure. It is a common disease both in developed and developing countries. It is also all important cause and risk factor for various cardiovascular diseases.50 cardiovascular diseases (CVD) werecaused by . The ratio of in currently global disease burden was 4.5%.It was estimated that there were 972 million patients in the world now. The number would be 1.56 billion in 2025. Our country national— wide sampled survey on in over 15 years old people for three times, the prevalence rates of for and 1991 were 5.11%,7.73%, and11.26%,respectively. These data indicated a significant increasingprevalence trend of in Chain.Objective: In order to describe and analyze the influencing factors of，thestatus of prevalence，awareness，treatment and control in a community.Eventually, we provided the strategy and measurement to prevent andcontrol of rural inhabitants．Methods: To use stages-systematic sampling method, in 8 random roads with 100 random families which all this study，391were diagnosed as the patients of . The prevalence of in this community was 18.18%.The male prevalence of that was 16.62%,and The female prevalence of thatwas 19.58%.Itwas not different Statistically between male and femaleprevalence of(X 2=3.157,P=0.472,P>0.05)．The prevalence ofincreasedwith age increasing. There were 4 factors thatlevel， BMIand age.Multiple logistic regression analysis indicatedthat 3 factors weresignificantly associatedwith ， age and BMI significantly increased therisk of ．Conclusion：The prevalence of in this community was 18.18%.It slightlylower than the national prevalence of (18.8％) but the prevalence of inGuangzhou city. In order to improve treatment and control in theprevention and control work，we should take good use of communityresource in the community ， develop work widely and improveconsciousnessabout disease prevention and Community PrevalenceInfluencing factors前 言高血压可分为：①原发性高血压：以血压升高为特征，原因不明的独立疾病，占高血压的 95％以上：②继发性高血压 。

原发性高血压是由多基因遗传环境及多种危险因素相互作用的一种以体循环动脉压升高为主要临床表现的全身性疾病，同时也是心脑血管疾病的主要病因原发性高血压现已成。