句子结构常见错误.ppt

English WritingDate: Nov.1, 2009句子结构常见错误1.残缺句2.接排句3.误置修饰语4.悬垂修饰语Warming-up:§Correct the following sentences:Correct the following sentences:§1. Having missed a lesson for a week, a written 1. Having missed a lesson for a week, a written excuse was needed.excuse was needed.§2. Not knowing his name, it is difficult to 2. Not knowing his name, it is difficult to introduce him.introduce him.§3. Stepping down from the car, the youngsters 3. Stepping down from the car, the youngsters ran forward to get a good look at the football ran forward to get a good look at the football star.star.§4. Stuck in the mud, they had to push the car.4. Stuck in the mud, they had to push the car.Answer5. Standing on the top of the mountain, the lake 5. Standing on the top of the mountain, the lake looked very beautiful.looked very beautiful.6. Seeing from the whole, the composition is not 6. Seeing from the whole, the composition is not bad.bad.7. Having dinner with his family, a friend came for 7. Having dinner with his family, a friend came for a visit.a visit.8. Walking down the street, a car suddenly 8. Walking down the street, a car suddenly stopped beside him.stopped beside him.9. Not showing them the shortcut, it will be difficult 9. Not showing them the shortcut, it will be difficult for them to get there on time.for them to get there on time.10. Having finished her composition, the 10. Having finished her composition, the translation exercise was taken up.translation exercise was taken up.Correct the following sentences:1. Everyone of the students, including myself, have bought this dictionary.2. Physics are fascinating but difficult.3. The president together with several assistants are here.4. Fifty dollars seem too much for this sweater.5. A number of spelling mistakes was found in his composition.6. How he found those precious paintings are of 6. How he found those precious paintings are of great interest to us all.great interest to us all.7. The public have a right to know.7. The public have a right to know.8. What he wanted to know was the pay, the living 8. What he wanted to know was the pay, the living and working conditions, and the kind of job he and working conditions, and the kind of job he would be assigned.would be assigned.9. There are a Japanese and two Koreans in his 9. There are a Japanese and two Koreans in his class.class.10.Neither his classmates nor Professor Brown 10.Neither his classmates nor Professor Brown have understood him.have understood him.误置修饰语§错误一： 修饰语只能修饰某个中心词，不能放其他地方。

§1.He sold the old car to the man with leather seats.§§2.Please give the book to the boy with the blue cover.§He sold the old car with leather seats to the man. Please give the book with the blue coverto the boy§错误二：修饰语既可修饰中心词A，也可修饰中心词B， 因此有歧义§3.We agreed on the next day to make the adjustment.意思一：It is on the next day that we arrived at the agreement. We agreed to make the adjustment.意思二：We agreed that the time when we would make the adjustment is the next day. We agreed that on the next day we would make the adjustment.§4.Students who practice writing often will benefit.§§意思一：Students who often practice writing will benefit.意思二：Students who practice writing will often benefit.悬垂修饰语四种形式 1.悬垂分词2.悬垂动名词3.悬垂动词不定式4.悬垂省略从句修改方法 1.悬垂分词§现在分词：§ (错句) Looking up at the sky, the sun went under a cloud.§--》§过去分词：§(错句) Shocked by the bad news, her mouth opened wide.§--》 Looking up at the sky, he saw the sun go under a cloud. Shocked by the bad news, she opened her mouth wide.2.悬垂动名词§(错句) After finishing the research, the paper was easy to write.§ After finishing the research, I found that the paper was easy to write. After I finished the research, the paper was easy to write.3.悬垂动词不定式§(错句) To write well, good books must be read.§To write well, I must read good books.4.悬垂省略从句§(错句) While climbing the hill, the rain began to fall.§--》 While climbing the hill, she felt the rain began to fall. While I climbed the hill, the rain began to fall.修改方法§While leaving the house, the phone rang.§1.找出句中错误的主语,改为能支配分词的主语。

§ §2.补足悬垂短语,使其扩展为一个完整的从句.§ While leaving the house, I heard the phone ring. While I was leaving the house, I heard the phone ring.Exercise§1.Thumbing through…, she noticed …§ As she was thumbing…, §2…., sb. performed…§3….office, she noticed…§4.Though he was …, § ….he was accepted by…§5….sb. learned…§6….sb. found/felt/said …§7.Because the newspaper was on…, §8.While the programmers were eating…。