2015年河南专升本公共英语讲义-改错题讲解.docx

2015年公共英语讲义-改错题讲解一、改错题常见考点 31. 词汇考点 32. 语法考点 3二、练习题：辨认错误并改正试题 9三、参考答案： 15改错题常见考点1. 词汇考点(1) 词语搭配（介词、连词的选择）错误The element carbon is widelyAfoundB in natureC in many forms including both diamonds as well asD coal.解析：Das well as改为andboth…and…为固定结构2) 错误地省略介词The law I am referringA requires that everyoneB who ownsC a car haveD accident insurance.解析：A改为referring to：参考；涉及注意本句中require后宾语从句中使用了虚拟语气，have前省略了should3) 其他高频词汇考点one’s ability to do sth., look forward to doing sth., be robbed of sth., more than ample to do sth.（足以……）, be far removed from…（与……毫不相干）, with authority over sth.（有权力……）, to…extent/degree, win a great victory over sb., in … respect（在……方面）, at one’s expense（由……承担）, keep discipline（遵守纪律），on the decline/increase（在下降/增加）2.语法考点(1) 非谓语动词 ① 动词不定式When I consider how talented he isAas a painterB, I cannot help but believingC that the publicD will appreciate his gift.解析：C删去 but，can’t help doing sth.：情不自禁……或将 believing改为believe，can’t help but do sth.：不得不……。

② 动名词Some bosses dislike to allowA people to shareB their responsibilities; they keep allC important matters tightlyD in their own hands.解析：Ato allow改为allowingdislike后接动名词③ 现在分词、过去分词混淆He cannot tell the difference between trueA praise and flatteringB statements makingC only to gainD his favor.解析：Cmaking改为madestatements与make为被动关系2) 比较级、最高级错误点设置① 比较级、最高级形式误用A great manyA educators firmlyB believe that English is one of the poorestC taught subjects in high schools todayD.解析：C改为most poorlytaught为动词，要由副词poorly修饰，poorly最高级为most poorly。

② 比较范围重复出现Of all his outdoorA activities, Paul likes fishing best of allB, but he doesn’t enjoy cleaningC fishing rods afterwardsD.解析：B改为(the) best或(the) most本句中开头已有Of all…，表示整体范围，后用最高级，故删除后面的of all此外，副词最高级前the可以省略③ 句中出现than，却没有相应形容词或副词的比较级形式On the wholeA, ambitious students are much likelyB to succeed in their studies than are thoseCwithD little ambition.解析：Bare much likely改为 are more likely此外，注意本句中被比较的成分使用了倒装句结构④ 比较对象不一致As far asA I am concerned, his politics areB rather conservative comparedC with other politiciansD.解析：Dpoliticians改为politicians’。

比较对象为“他的政见”与“其他政客的政见”此外，注意：politics单复数同形，表示“政治学”时，谓语动词用单数；表示“政见”时，谓语动词用复数⑤ 比较级错用Because there are lessA members present tonight thanB there wereC last night, we must wait until the next votingD. 解析：A改为fewer，修饰可数名词复数membersless修饰不可数名词3)（并列、转折结构）平衡一致原则常考：…and/but…, not…but…, …not…, as…as…, not so/as…as…, …than…：前后比较成分在形式、词性上均对等一致While inA Europe, the tourists enjoyed toB their heart’sC content the weather, the food and going to the theatreD.解析：D改为the theatre关键词and表示并列此处the weather, the food, the theatre均充当enjoy的宾语。

4) 三大从句注意：三大从句中，错误点往往设置在引导词（连接词）的选择上① 名词性从句1）主语从句To beA frank, thatB is a great relief to have the task fulfilledC in so short a timeD. 解析：B改为it本句看似是一个主语从句，其实it为形式主语，后面的不定式为真正的主语2）宾语从句I thought the technician was to blameA for the blowingB of the fuse, but I see now howC I wasD mistaken.解析：Chow改为thatthat为宾语从句引导词② 定语从句1）关系代词、关系副词的误用The new hotel has erectedA a beautiful building withB recreation areas and conference facilities on the top floor in whichC the finest view of the city can be obtainedD.解析：C改为where或from which或on which。

the finest view of the city can be obtained为完整的句子，故应用关系副词或介词+关系代词连接，先行词floor指地点2）成分多余They pointed outA the damage whichB they supposed thatC had been done by last night’sD storm.解析：C去掉that本句中关系代词which为定语从句的主语，they supposed为插入语，had been done为谓语，故that多余3）缺少关系代词Accounts ofA scientific experiments are generally correct forB those write aboutC science are careful in checkingD the accuracy of their reports.解析：C改为who write about或writing aboutthose后接who引导定语从句此外，句中for引导原因状语从句③ 状语从句注意：常考unlessIf onlyA the nature of the aging process isB better understood, the possibility of discoveringC a medicine that can block the fundamental process of aging seemsD very remote.解析：A改为unless，表示“除非”。

5) 虚拟语气① if条件句中连词被错误地省略I shouldA not have recognized theB man evenC you had toldD me his name.解析：C改为even if或even though本句主句、从句均对过去虚拟② 宾语从句中未能正确使用虚拟语气I’d rather you would goA by train, because I can’t bearB the idea of your beingC in an airplane in suchD bad weather.解析：Awould go改为wentwould rather后宾语从句对现在、将来虚拟均用一般过去时6) 被动语态① 该使用被动，却误用主动To understand the situation completelyArequiresB more thought than has givenCthus farD.解析：C改为has been giventhought与give之间为被动关系此外，应注意本句主语为动词不定式② 该使用主动，却误用被动If it doesn’tA rain withinB the next few weeks, the cropsC will have to be watered if they are to be survivedD.解析：Dto be survived改为to survive。

survive无被动语态常考last, appear, arise, break out, occur等，不及物动词无被动7) 时态He also conceivedA that the solar system and the universe would comeB into existence byC a natural process and would disappearD one day.解析：Bwould come改为had come太阳系与宇宙已经形成，再加上conceived为一般过去时，故其后从句用过去完成时。