初中英语写作训练方法初探 四川省旺苍县七一中学 侯福鲜.doc

初中英语写作训练方法初探四川省旺苍县七一中学 侯福鲜初中英语教学的目的是通过听说读写的训练，使学生获得英语基础知识和运用英语进行交际的初步能力英语教材对听说读的交际功能训练要求比较具体明确，容易引起教师的重视相比之下，对写的能力训练要求则比较简单而且笼统然而在国际交往中，我们经常需要用书面的语言来表达思想、传递信息所以重视写作能力的培养，并采用适当的训练方法提高这一能力，便成为教学中不可忽视的、必须潜心研究的一个方面近年来本人对写作训练做了一些探索和实践，现简介如下求救于诸位同行  在写的训练中，我们往往只注意单词的抄写和单个句子的操练，这是远远不够的，因为这不能达到运用英语的目的我们应当采取适当的训练步骤将单句的写作和英语基础知识融于整体的写作教学中去，从而有机地培养和提高学生的写作能力  针对初中学生英语学习刚起步的特点，本着由浅入深、由易到难、循序渐进的原则，写作的初步训练分为以下三个步骤：  1、仿写  仿写即仿照有关内容写一篇类似的短文Book 8A Unit 2 Section B-3a有一篇短文，学生读了后，就可仿写一篇题为How to keep healthy的短文学生有文可依，又是写自己所熟悉的内容，自然兴趣很高，也容易写好。

下面的习作可说明这一点As we all know, healthy is very important for everyone. But how to keep it? First, we should have a good diet. That’s eating more fresh fruit and vegetables, but less junk food. Drink more water instead of coke or other unhealthy drinks. Second, it’s good for us to take more exercise, such as running, walking, ball games and so on. At last, we should learn to relax ourselves .We can listen to some light music, chat with families or friends and have a good sleep. Keeping fit is not difficult if you care it a lot.   二、改写  改写的方法很多，可以是将对话改写成短文，也可以是缩写课文等。

如新目标英语Book8B Unit 7 “Would you mind keeping your voice down”的文章，通过缩写，学生既加深了对课文的理解，又提高了写作技能，下面就是一段 “Etiquette” means normal and polite social behavior. It is not the same in every culture or in every situation. For example, standing very close to the person you are talking with is quite common in some Asian countries. However, if you do with in Europe, some people might feel uncomfortable……If we see someone breaking the rules of etiquette, we may politely give them some suggestions.  三、扩写  扩写即用同一题材通过数次扩展、补充从而完成短文的写作练习。

这种训练都是在第一次写作的基础上，增加内容，扩充词数因为是学生初次运用自己的语言写人写事，第一次只要求学生能写30个词左右，以保证写作的正确性第二次的写作练习是在第一次习作的基础上进行的，词数可由30个扩充到50个左右，第三次可扩至70个左右第四次最后成文，最终达到扩写训练的目的下面试举一例  My Family  第一次习作：There are four people in my family. They are my grandma, my father, my mother and I.  I am a middle school student. I study at No.3 Middle School. I am in Class 2, Grade2.  第二次扩写：（第1段同上）  My grandma is seventy. My father is a doctor. My mother is a teacher. I am a middle school student. I study at No.3 Middle School. I am in Class 2, Grade2.  第三次扩写：（第1 段同上）  My grandma is seventy. She is very kind. My father is a doctor . He works in the People’s Hospital. My mother is a teacher. She is a teacher of English. I am a middle school student. I study at No.3Middle School. I am in Class 2,Grade 2.  第四次扩写：（第1段同上）  My grandma is seventy. She is very kind. My father is a doctor. He works in the People’s Hospital. He loves his work and he is a good doctor. My mother is a teacher. She is a teacher of English .Her English, is quite good. She often teaches me English. I am a middle school student. I study at No.3 Middle school. I am in Class 2, Grade 2.  My family is a happy one. I like it very much.  这样短文扩写的练习在选择题材时如能有意识地联系课文教学，并注意贴近生活实际，学生就有内容可写；一篇短文分次扩写，每次的写作量也不大因此可望获得较高的正确率。

由于上述两个因素，学生的写作兴趣就容易得到培养，经常性的训练也不难坚持一周练习扩写两次，两周完成一篇短文的写作即可  通过上述训练，使课文中的词语和句型变成学生的英语技能，并转化成交际性的运用，将知识转化为能力，达到书面表达的目的若能在教师的指导下持之以恒地训练，经过初中几年的学习，大多数学生都能运用所学知识写简单的书信、便条，程度好的学生还能学写与课文内容相关的短文这样，便不难达到大纲所规定的使学生获得运用英语进行交际的初步能力了也为中考中12分习作题的操纵奠定了坚实的基础。