九年级unit2语法1宾语从句.ppt

•Section A•Grammar FocusObjective Clauses withthat, if and whether1. I think that they’re fun to watch.2. Mary thinks that the teams were fantastic.3. Bill wonders whether they’ll have the sweet rice dumplings again next year.4. I wonder if it’s similar to the water festival of the Dai people in Yunnan Province.Read the sentences below, paying attention to the underlined parts.一、宾语从句的概念一、宾语从句的概念 在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句 We know Mr Green teaches English. She asked if these answers were right.二、宾语从句三要素二、宾语从句三要素引导词（连接词）引导词（连接词）语语 序序时时 态态1. I hear (that) _______________________. 2. He said (that) ______________________. 3. The teacher told us (that) _______________ ________________. he will be back in an hour he missed us very much the earth moves由由that引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句注：注：that 在句中无词汇意义，在从句中不充在句中无词汇意义，在从句中不充当成分，在口语当中往往省略。

当成分，在口语当中往往省略around the sunObject clauses with that连词连词that不能省略的几种情况不能省略的几种情况 在由在由that引导的宾语从句中，由于连词引导的宾语从句中，由于连词that只起引导功能，无具体意义，不担当任何成份，只起引导功能，无具体意义，不担当任何成份，因此在口语或非正式的文体中常可省略然而，因此在口语或非正式的文体中常可省略然而，大凡规则总有例外的情况，在下列大凡规则总有例外的情况，在下列that引导的引导的宾语从句中，宾语从句中，that则不能省略则不能省略1. 从句的主语是从句的主语是that如： He says that that is a real king’s hat. 他说那是一个真的王冠他说那是一个真的王冠2. that从句中含有主从复合句如：从句中含有主从复合句如： I’m afraid that if you’ve lost it, you must pay for it.3. 主、从句之间有插入语时如：主、从句之间有插入语时如： It says here, on this card, that it was used in plays. 卡片上写着，它是古代演戏用的。

卡片上写着，它是古代演戏用的4. 若出现两个或两上以上的由若出现两个或两上以上的由that引导的宾引导的宾语从句，且由并列连词连接时，只有第一个语从句，且由并列连词连接时，只有第一个连词连词that可以省略如：可以省略如： She said (that) she would come and that she would also bring her son. 她说她要来，还要带她的儿子来她说她要来，还要带她的儿子来1.These planet will produce food and oxygen that we need to live on Mars.2.Scientists will develop plants that can grow on Mars.3.People think that humans on Mars have to wear special boots to make themselves heavier.4.We all know that Mars is a planet in the solar system.5.The journey to Mars could take only a very short time in space shuttles that travel at half the speed of light.6.Some scientists do not believe that the journey to Mars will be very comfortable.Which of the following sentences has an object clause?√√√根据汉语句子的意思完成下列英语句子根据汉语句子的意思完成下列英语句子1. 我认为玛丽不回来了。

我认为玛丽不回来了 I don’t think Mary ______ ______.2. 山姆给我说他准备去上海山姆给我说他准备去上海 Sam told me that he _______ _______ for Shanghai.3.我想知道今天晚上还有没有去北京的火车我想知道今天晚上还有没有去北京的火车 I want to know __________ there is a train to Beijing.willcome was leaving if / whether Ⅰ. if和和whether引导宾语从句时，作引导宾语从句时，作“是否是否”讲，讲，一般情况下，二者没有区别，可以换用但一般情况下，二者没有区别，可以换用但if常用于口语中，常用于口语中，whether比较正式如：比较正式如： Millie asked if/whether he liked this sweater. 米莉问他是否喜欢这件羊毛衫米莉问他是否喜欢这件羊毛衫 The fisherman wants to know if/whether it will rain. 渔民想知道天是否会下雨。

渔民想知道天是否会下雨Object clauses with if and whether由由if / whether引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句Ⅱ. if和和whether引导宾语从句时，要注意宾语引导宾语从句时，要注意宾语从句三要素，即连词、语序和时态由于从句三要素，即连词、语序和时态由于if和和whether连接的是一般疑问句，因此要注意把连接的是一般疑问句，因此要注意把从句语序改为陈述句语序如：从句语序改为陈述句语序如： Does Mr Zhao live in Room 208? Could you tell me? →Could you tell me if/whether Mr Zhao lives in Room 208? 其次要注意时态变化：其次要注意时态变化： 1. 若主句是一般现在时，从句用任何所需时若主句是一般现在时，从句用任何所需时态如： He wants to know if / whether they had a good journey home. 他想知道他们回家旅途是否愉快他想知道他们回家旅途是否愉快2. 若主句是一般过去时，从句则用跟过去相若主句是一般过去时，从句则用跟过去相关的时态。

即一般现在时变为一般过去时、关的时态即一般现在时变为一般过去时、现在进行时变为过去进行时、一般将来时为现在进行时变为过去进行时、一般将来时为过去将来时、现在完成时态变为过去完成时过去将来时、现在完成时态变为过去完成时如：如： Did the train leave? She didn’t know. →She didn’t know if / whether the train had left. 3.如果宾语从句所叙述的是客观事实，自然现如果宾语从句所叙述的是客观事实，自然现象，科学真理时，从句不受主句限制，用一象，科学真理时，从句不受主句限制，用一般现在时般现在时Ⅲ. if和和whether的区别的区别二者在下列几种情况下不能换用：二者在下列几种情况下不能换用：1. 宾语从句置于句首表示强调时，应用宾语从句置于句首表示强调时，应用whether，不用，不用if如： Whether this is true or not, I can’t say. 这是否对，我不能说这是否对，我不能说2. 宾语从句与宾语从句与or not直接连用时，应用直接连用时，应用whether，不能用，不能用if。

如：如： I don’t know whether or not he will come tomorrow. 我不知道他明天是否来我不知道他明天是否来3. 与动词不定式连用时，只能用与动词不定式连用时，只能用whether如： She can’t decide whether to go to America. 她不能决定是否去美国她不能决定是否去美国4. 从句作介词宾语时，只能用从句作介词宾语时，只能用whether如： I worry about whether I hurt her feeling. 我担心是否伤了她的感情我担心是否伤了她的感情5. 宾语从句的谓语动词是否定形式时，只能用宾语从句的谓语动词是否定形式时，只能用if，不能用，不能用whether如： Tom wants to know if he won’t come here tomorrow. 汤姆想知道他明天是否不来这儿汤姆想知道他明天是否不来这儿6. if意为意为“假如，如果假如，如果”时，可以引导条件状时，可以引导条件状语从句，而语从句，而whether没有这个用法。

如：没有这个用法如： If Simon comes here tomorrow, I’ll call you. 假如西蒙明天来这儿，我将打告诉你假如西蒙明天来这儿，我将打告诉你1. I don't know if Mr. Wang ____on a field trip. If he ___ on a field trip tomorrow, please call me. A. goes; will go B. will go; goes C. will go; will go D. goes; goes 2. She asked me if I knew ______. A. whose pen was it B. whose pen it was C. whose pen it is D. whose pen is it BB3. They wondered if the teacher ______ us English the next term. A. would teach B. had taught C. will teach D. taughtAChoose the right answers.5. I haven’t decide ____ I’ll go out or stay at home. A. if B. when C. why D. whether6. I want to know ______ he loves you. A. that B. what C. if D. whoDC4. The boy asked ______ any noise from outside. A. whether had I heard B. whether I had heard C. whether have I heard D. whether I have heardBAC 7. I wondered ____ our teacher was going to attend our party. A. whether B. why C. where D. that 8. I’d like to know _____ or not. A. whether will he come B. whether has he come C. whether he will come D. if he will come改为含宾语从句的复合句改为含宾语从句的复合句 1. Will the train arrive on time? I want to know. I want to know _______ the train ______ on time.2. Did Peter come here yesterday? Li Lei wants to know. Li Lei wants to know _________ Peter _________ here yesterday.will arriveif / whether came if/whether Complete the sentences.1. 我们不知道我们能否在火星上种植植物。

我们不知道我们能否在火星上种植植物 We are wondering ____________________ ______________ on Mars.2. 你能告诉我是不是有许多人打算搬到火星你能告诉我是不是有许多人打算搬到火星上去吗？上去吗？ Could you tell me _______________________________________ to Mars?whether / if we canif / whether many peopleare going to movegrow plants3. 我不知道他在家洗不洗衣服我不知道他在家洗不洗衣服 I don't know _________________________ any washing at home. 4. 我担心是否伤害了她的感情我担心是否伤害了她的感情 I am worried about ___________________________. whether or not he doeswhether I hurt herfeelings1. Uncle Wang came up to see __________ there was anything wrong with the machine.2. The shop keeper asked my father ________ or not he wanted to choose a big Christmas tree.if / whetherwhether3. I don’t know __________ to go or stay.4. ________ that is true, what should we do?whetherIf5. ________ they will ever become future Olympic champions only time will tell. WhetherComplete the sentences with if / whether.( )1. — I wonder ___________.— I'm afraid we'll be late. (2011山东青岛山东青岛) A. how we can be on time B. what we are going to do C. why we get to school late D. if we will arrive at the meeting on time中考链接中考链接D( )2. We’ll plant trees tomorrow, and I don’t know_____ Tom will come and join us. (2011天天津津) A. if B. which C. what D. whereA( )3. —Do you know _______ tomorrow? —Sorry, I don't know. You may surf the Internet. (2011湖南湘潭湖南湘潭)A. whether will it rain B. if it will rain C. whether does it rainB( )4.—Mum, can we go to the art museum tomorrow? —Sure. But first we should find out ________. (2011广西南宁市广西南宁市) A. what can we do B. where we can go C. how can we go there D. if it will be openD( )5. We don’t know _______ the meeting will be held soon. (2011内蒙古包头内蒙古包头) A. when B. what C. whether D. since C( )5. —Mary, could you tell me if your mother ____ our school sports meeting tomorrow?　　　　—I think she will come to school if she _____ free.(2011山东滨州山东滨州)　　 A. will take part in; will be B. takes part in; is C. will take part in; is D. takes part in; will beC( )6. Do you know ______ Guangzhou tomorrow? (2011肇庆肇庆)A. whether they leave for B. whether will they leave for C. whether they are leaving for C( )7. I've decided to go to London next weekend. I was wondering ________ you could go with me. (2011江西省江西省) A. if B. when C. that D. whereA( )8.—Do you think _____ Xiao Ming can pass the high school entrance exam or not? —Sorry, I’ve no idea. (2011广西百色广西百色) A. that B. which C. if D. whetherD ( )9. He said that light ______much faster than sound. (2011山东枣庄山东枣庄) A. has travelled B. went C. travels D. travelledC( ) 10. Over these years I have had a new understanding of ____ people traditionally call a perfect person. (2012江苏淮安江苏淮安) A. how B. what C. who D. whomA( ) 11. Can you tell me in the future? (2012江苏宿迁江苏宿迁) A. how life will be like B. how will life be like C. what life will be like D. what will life be likeC( ) 12.—Do you know _____? —At the end of July. (2012江苏连云港江苏连云港) A. how soon is your sister running back home B. how often Nancy from her pen friend C. when the London Olympic Games will be held D. when will the new computer game come outC( ) 13. ---Peter, is there anything else you want to know about China? ---Yes, I am still wondering _____. (2012江苏江苏南京南京) A. how is Chinese paper cut made B. how was the Great Wall built in ancient times C. why the Chinese people like to play the dragon dance D. why do the Chinese people eat rice dumplings at Dragon Boat FestivalC( ) 14. We haven’t discussed yet ______. (2012江苏苏州江苏苏州) A. where we are going to put our new table B. where are we going to put our new table C. what we are going to put our new table D. what are we going to put our new tableA( ) 15. I wonder ______. (2012江苏镇江江苏镇江) A. if Dr Ma still works on the ORBIS plane B. how much does the tallest man in the world weigh C. when Audrey Hepburn had entered the film industry D. that Armstrong was the first man to walk on the moonA( ) 16. They wonder ________ robots will make humans lose their jobs or not. (2013漳州漳州) A. that B. if C. whether( ) 17. Our physics teacher told us light _______ faster than sound. (2013 黔东南黔东南) A. travels B. traveled C. traveling D. to travelCA。