英语8独立主格结构
6页1、第八章 独立主格结构非谓语动词作状语时,它的逻辑主语应该是句子的主语。但有时非谓语动词带有自己的主语,从而在结构上与主语不发生关系,我们称之为独立主格结构(Absolute Construction)。其实,所谓“独立主格结构”也并非真正独立,它还是一种从属的结构。一、 非谓语动词独立主格结构 在独立主格结构中,非谓语动词和它前面的名词或代词存在着逻辑上的主谓关系。 Such an able man to help you,you will surely succeed sooner or later. 有这么能干的人来帮你, 你迟早一定会成功的。(such an able man和 to help you 之间存在着主谓关系) = Since such an able man will help you, you will surely succeed sooner or later. He seating himself at the desk, his mother began to tell him a story. 他在书桌旁坐好后,他母亲开始给他讲故事。(seating h
2、imself at the desk拥有了自己的逻辑主语he,注意是“主格”) = When he seated himself at the desk, his mother began to tell him a story. The key to the bike lost, he had to walk to school. 由于丢了自行车钥匙,他只好步行去学校。(lost 的逻辑主语是the key,lost 也可以用完成式having been lost) = Because the key to the bike had been lost, he had to walk to school. A 不定式“独立主格结构” 在“逻辑主语+动词不定式”结构中,动词不定式和它前面的名词或代词存在着逻辑上的主谓关系。这种结构也可用一个从句或并列分句来表达。 1动词不定式用主动的形式 在独立主格结构中,动词不定式和它前面的名词或代词存在着逻辑上的主谓关系。 His mother to come tonight,he is busy preparing the dinner. 他母亲
3、今晚要来,他正在忙着准备饭菜。(= As his mother is to come tonight, he is busy preparing the dinner.) will you go to the comcert tonight 你今晚去听音乐会吗? sorry.So many exerise-books to check,I rially cant afford any time. 对不起,有这多的作业要批,我真的抽不出时间。 (Because I shall check so many exercise-books tonight,I really cant afford any time.) The four of us agreed on a division of labour,each to translate a quarter of the book. 我们四人同意分工干,每人翻译全书的四分之一。 (The four of us agreed on a division of labour and each is to translate a quarter
4、 of the book.) Many trees,flowers,and grass to be planted,our newly-built school will look even more beautiful. 种上许多的树,花和草后,我们新建的学校将看上去更美。(=If many trees,flowers,and grass are planted,our newly-built school will look even more beautiful.) B-ing形式“独立主格结构” 动词的-ing形式作状语时,其逻辑主语一般应与句子的主语保持一致。 Being ill, he went home. 由于生病,他回家了。(= As he was very ill, he went home.) Seating himself at the desk, he began to read a magazine. 在课桌旁坐好后,他开始看杂志。(= When he had seated himself at the desk, he began to read a mag
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