关于国际货运代理的多元化：英国视角 中英文双语外文文献翻译成品

1、外文标题：On the diversification of international freight forwarders: A UK perspective Vassilis Markides and Matthias Holweg外文作者：V Markides ， M Holweg文献出处:International Journal of Physical Distribution and logistics Mangement, 2006 , 36 (5) :336-359英文1578单词， 10897字符，中文2281汉字。此文档是外文翻译成品，无需调整复杂的格式哦！下载之后直接可用，方便快捷！价格不贵。On the diversification of international freight forwarders: A UK perspectiveVassilis Markides and Matthias HolwegJudge Business School, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UKAbstractPurpos

2、e This paper examines the diversification of services and activities by freight forwarders in the UK. Following similar studies conducted in the USA, the paper analyses the trends towards service and revenue diversification that has been observed in this sector.Design/methodology/approach The study is based on a survey of 100 UK-based freight forwarders-based and empirically tests the firmsrespective revenue generation structures, as well as the range of services offered. The survey is complemen

3、ted by semi-structured interviews at a further four companies in order to provide additional contextual explanations of the empirical findings.Findings The results show that diversification appears to be closely related to both company size and a diversified asset base. The motivation for diversification stems mainly from a perceived erosion of the traditional freight forwarding revenue streams, as companies are seeking higher profit margins outside their traditional core business, while address

4、ing the increasingly comprehensive needs of their customers at the same time. The findings show that, although diversification is much less prominently seen in their revenue structures, companies are quite diverse in terms of the services offered. Service diversification was found to be a strategy predominantly followed by the larger companies with wider asset bases.Practical implications The freight forwarding industry is experiencing significant volatility as a result of technological advances

5、, regulatory changes, customer pressures and increased competition. This study provides the empirical clarification needed for freight forwarding companies to derive a business strategy appropriate to their respective settings.Original/value Previous studies have largely reported findings from research conducted in North America, which features a structurally very different population of freight forwarders and logistics operators. This study presents the status quo and trends of diversification

6、in the UK, which features a population of considerably smaller firms and thus requires a different decision framework towards adopting a diversification strategy.Keywords Freight forwarding, Distribution management, Corporate strategy, Diversification, International trade1.Introduction With international trade barriers breaking down, firms across industry sectors are recognising the opportunities arising from global sourcing, offshoring, and growing domestic demand in emerging markets. For logis

7、tics service providers, this internationalisation of the supply chain has created both challenges and opportunities. Logistics intermediaries focused on international movements including freight forwarders, customhouse brokers (CHBs), non-vessel operating carriers (NVOCCs) as well as export management companies, characterize themselves as “Third-Party Logistics providers” (TPL) capable of offering complete “solutions” for the movement of international freight (Ran et al., 1993). The primary logi

8、stics middleman for cross-national trade has traditionally been the internationalfreight forwarder (IFF),or in colloquialterms,the“shipping company”.In the recent past, the forwarding industry is experiencing tremendous volatility (Murphy and Daley,2000;Armbruster, 2003)as a result of consolidation and restructuring in the sector. The evolution of the concept of “total logistics” and the subsequent emergence of larger and highly diversified providers has even led some experts to go as far as pre

9、dicting that small and medium-sized forwarders are “doomed to extinction” (Schwartz, 1998). Others advocate that the traditional forwarder will cover a niche in the freight services market by offering value-added services such as customs clearance, logistics management, information technology and special freight handling (Chandler, 1994). This study sets out to investigate the diversification of the freight-forwarding sector in the UK. Specifically, we investigate to what extent IFFs have diversified in terms of their revenue generation and service offerings. Furthermore, we aim to identify the link between revenue and service-based diversification, and the structural and perceptual differences between those companies that have diversified, and those that have not. In terms of structure, the paper initially presents a discussion of the current academic debate of the diversification phenomenon, before presenting the

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