16 简单句-小学语法精讲精练（附口诀、练习和答案）

小学语法精讲精练 专题16 简单句思考引入 老师,我们上一课学了句子成分,那今天我们是不是学习如何用这些成分造句呀?是的!我们不仅要搞清楚句子成分,还要知道有哪些句型才能造句呢我们把句子的5种基本成分组合在一起就变成了简单句的5种基本句型这就是我们今天学习的重点--简单句简单句,简单句肯定就不难啦,我应该能学会!哈哈哈!那你可得好好听了知识概览知识精讲一、简单句的基本含义简单句是只含有一个主谓结构的句子，并且句子各成分只由单词或短语构成I have a basketball.我有一个篮球主语 谓语My family and I live in China.我的家人和我都住在中国主语 谓语热身小练①找一找请你找出下列句子的主语和谓语，并写在横线上1. The bus comes.主语：__________________ 谓语：__________________2.I drink a cup of coffee.主语：__________________ 谓语：__________________答案：1.The bus comes 2.I drink二、简单句的五种基本句型根据不同的谓语动词以及句子成分的不同组成方式，简单句可分为以下5种基本句型。

1.主语+谓语Class begins.开始上课了Sarah laughs.萨拉笑了这种句型的谓语一般是不及物动词，后面不需跟宾语就能使句子意义完整小学阶段常见的不及物动词有：come来sit坐swim游泳see明白go去begin开始rain下雨sleep睡觉stop停止look看fail失败listen听work工作run跑laugh笑3.主语+系动词+表语I am a student.我是一名学生He is a pilot.他是一名飞行员They are friends.他们是朋友这种句型的谓语由“系动词+表语”共同构成，主要用来说明主语的性质、特征、状态或身份等小学阶段我们需要掌握的系动词就是be动词4.主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语Tom gives me a book.汤姆给了我一本书Mr. Smith teaches us math.史密斯先生教我们数学间接宾语+直接宾语”又称为双宾语小学阶段常见的带双宾语的动词有：give给tell告诉make做buy买send送teach教cook做饭get收到支付show展示do做write写pass传递5.主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语Reading makes me happy.阅读使我快乐。

I hear the baby crying.我听见宝宝在哭宾语+宾语补足语”又称为复合宾语小学阶段常见的接复合宾语的动词有：call把……叫作find找到hear听见make使变得see看见think认为keep保持watch看热身小练②请你写一写下列句子的结构1.I know him._________________________________2.The panda sleeps._________________________________3. He is from Britain._________________________________4. Lina paints the cat pink._________________________________5.My mother made me a hamburger._________________________________答案：1.主语+谓语+宾语 2.主语+谓语 3.主语+系动词+表语4.主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语5.主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语三、特殊的简单句---there be句型1.there be句型表示“某地有某物或某人”,其结构是：There be +主语+地点状语。

There is a tree here.这里有一棵树There are many trees in the park.公园里面有很多树2.在there be句型中，当有两个或两个以上的主语时，be动词的单复数与离它最近的那个主语的单复数形式一致，这就是there be句型的“就近一致”原则There is a desk and two chairs in my room.我的房间里有一张桌子和两把椅子There are two chairs and a desk in my room.我的房间里有两把椅子和一张桌子热身小练③填一填请你用be动词的不同形式将下列句子补充完整，并找出每个句子的主语填写在横线上1. There______________a bed in my room. 主语：______________2.There______________two books on my desk. 主语：______________3.There______________some trees and a river in the park. 主语：______________4. There______________an eraser and two pencils in my pencil box. 主语：______________答案：1.is a bed 2.are two books 3.are some trees and a river4. is an eraser and two pencils知识精练一、写出下列句子的句子结构1．I need a pen. (请写出句子结构)__________________________________________________________2．My telephone number is 235748.(写出句子结构)__________________________________________________________3．请写出该句子是五种基本句型中的哪一种。

Talent shows are getting more and more popular.__________________________________________________________4．写出以下句子的基本句型：Jacky is hard-working.__________________________________________________________5．The soup tastes delicious. （写出句子结构）__________________________________________________________6．Sally can play the piano very well.（写出结构）__________________________________________________________7．David keeps his hair short. __________________________________________________________8．Cathy lend her bike to her best friend yesterday.__________________________________________________________9．Mr Smith is strict with us. (写出句子结构)__________________________________________________________10．The waiter passed me the food. (写出句子结构)__________________________________________________________11．The old man always keeps his small house warm and clean.（写出句子结构）__________________________________________________________答案：1．主+谓+宾2．主+系+表3．主+系+表4．主系表5．主语+系动词+表语6．主语+谓语+宾语7．主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语8．主语+谓语+直接宾语+间接宾语+状语9．主+系+表+状10．主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语11．主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语二、单选题1．There _______ any mangoes in the fridge now. But there _______ some mango juice. A．are; isn’t B．aren’t; are C．aren’t; is2．There _____ a lot of grass before. But now there _____ more and more buildings. A．are; are B．was; were C．was; are3．There ______ no gyms in my school five years ago. A．was B．is C．were D．are4．—Why are you in such a hurry, John? —There ______ a basketball match between Class Three and our class in ten minutes.A．is going to be B．is going to have C．will have D．will hold5．There ______ a computer in my home ten years ago. A．is B．was C．were6．—______ two glasses of juice in the fridge? —No.A．Was there B．There were C．Were there7．There ______ any traffic lights here. A．are B．aren’t C．isn’t D．is8．It’s so hot outside, but there is _______ juice in the fridge. Let’s go shopping and buy some. A．a little B．few C．a lot of D．little9．There ______ an apple and some vegetables on the table yesterday morning. A．is B．were C．was10．There _______ some water in the bottle. 。