18 复合句-小学语法精讲精练（附口诀、练习和答案）

小学语法精讲精练 专题18 复合句思考引入 老师,简单句比较简单,那复合句是不是很难?复合句由主句和从句组成它就像一棵大树,主句是树干,从句就是树枝主句是表达所陈述内容的重点,从句补充相关的背景和细节复合句听起来真的不简单呢！别急,我们往下看!知识概览知识精讲一、复合句的基本含义和结构复合句是含有两个或两个以上主谓结构的句子，由“一个主句+一个或多个从句”构成主句是主体，可以独立成句从句则是一个句子成分，不能独立成句，须由一个引导词引导复合句有以下两种基本结构1.主句+引导词+从句I don't know what he said.我不知道他说了什么I want to be a doctor when I grow up.我长大后想当一名医生2.引导词+从句+主句If you like science, you can be a scientist.如果你喜欢科学，你可以成为一名科学家When I was a child, I dreamed to be an English teacher.当我还是个孩子的时候，我梦想成为一名英语老师热身小练①找一找请你找出下列句子的引导词、主句或从句，并写在横线上。

1. You told me where you lived.引导词：__________________________________2. She gave me the book which is in English.主 句：__________________________________3. If you go abroad, I will go with you.从 句：__________________________________答案：1.where 2.She gave me the book 3.If you go abroad二、宾语从句宾语从句指在复合句中充当宾语的从句，一般由从属连词、连接代词和连接副词来引导1.从属连词：that, whether,ifShe said(that) she would come.她说过她会来的that引导宾语从句时没有实际含义，不充当句子成分，因此可以省略We discussed whether/if we should go to see the film.我们讨论了是否应该去看电影2.连接代词：who, whom, whose, what, which等Do you know who is coming?你知道谁要来吗?I don't know what they are looking for.我不知道他们在找什么。

3.连接副词：where,how,why, when等I know where she lives.我知道她住在哪里We don't know why he didn't come yesterday.我们不知道他昨天为什么没有来Could you tell me when the train will leave?你能告诉我火车什么时候开吗?热身小练②判一判请你判断下列句子画线部分是否为宾语从句(是请画“√”,不是请画“×”) )1.She says her brother is good at singing.( )2. I don't know why so many people like to eat it.答案：1.√ 2.√三、定语从句定语从句指在复合句中充当定语的从句，一般由关系代词或关系副词来引导被定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词，通常位于定语从句之前1.关系代词：that,who, whom, whose, which等I like the movies that are about Chinese history.我喜欢有关中国历史的电影The man who lives next to us is a teacher.住在我们隔壁的那个人是一位老师。

2.关系副词：when,why, whereI still remember the day when I first came to school.我还记得我第一次来学校的那一天Please tell me the reason why you missed the plane.请告诉我你错过飞机的原因This is the city where I have worked for 10 years.这就是我工作了10年的城市热身小练③判一判请你判断下列句子画线部分是否为定语从句(是请画“√”,不是请画"×") )1. I don't know where she is.( )2.Chengdu is the place where I was born.答案：1.× 2.√四、状语从句状语从句指在复合句中充当状语的从句，一般由从属连词来引导1.时间状语从句：由when,after,before等引导When I was young, I lived in a small village.我年轻的时候住在一个小村庄里I watched TV after I did my homework yesterday.昨天做完家庭作业后我看了电视。

Lily drinks a glass of milk before she goes to bed every day.莉莉每天睡觉前喝一杯牛奶2.原因状语从句：由because等引导She's studying because she has a test tomorrow.她正在学习，因为她明天有一场考试3.条件状语从句：由if等引导If it is fine, we'll go to the park.如果天气好，我们就去公园4.地点状语从句：由where等引导I found my books where I had left them.我在我原来放书的地方找到了我的书热身小练④判一判请你判断下列句子画线部分是否为状语从句(是请画“√”,不是请画“×”) )1.I'm going to play soccer after school.( )2.My favorite season is spring because I like green.答案：1.× 2.√知识精练一、单选题( )1．—I’m sure ______. I have a cough and have a headache. —Take this medicine, and you’ll feel much better.A．I’ll go to school B．I’ll have a good time C．I’m very well D．I’ve got a bad cold( )2．I want to know ______. A．whom is she looking for B．whom she is looking C．whom is she looking D．whom she is looking for( )3．—Do you know ______ the woman in red is? —I’m not sure. Maybe a teacher.A．what B．who C．which D．how( )4．You know slow and steady ______ the race. A．win B．winner C．wins( )5．—What did you learn?—We learned __________ ants always work together. A．that B．which C．what( )6．Tell me why ________ go there. A．do you want to B．do you C．you would like to( )7．The hare was sure he ___________ win the race. A．will B．would C．can( )8．I hope _________ to my birthday party tomorrow. A．to come B．she can come C．her to come D．she come( )9．Do you know _______? A．how he is old B．how is he old C．how old is he D．how old he is( )10．He told me that there ________ an interesting movie on at the cinema the next day. A．is B．will be C．would be D．is going to be( )11．Can you do ________? A．what can I do B．what I can do C．what I can say( )12．Excuse me, Sir, Can you tell me ________? A．how we got to the zoo B．how can we get to the zooC．how did we get to the zoo D．how we can get to the zoo( )13．She says she _______ go to Hainan. A．is B．will C．would( )14．I hope that she ______ to the demands of the naughty boys. A．will not have agreed B．will not be agreedC．will not agree D．will not have been agreed( )15．Here᾽s the chart I_________ for Danny. A．maked B．making C．makes D．made( )16．Rosa likes music ___ is quiet and gentle. A．when B．that C．where D．who( )17．All the apples _____ fell down were eaten by the pigs.A．those B．which C．what D．that( )18．Is the river_____ through that town very large?A．which flows B．flows C．that flowing D．whose flows( )19．Is this factory ______you visited last week?A．this B．where C．the。