盘磨机传动装置设计毕业论文

1、盘磨机传动装置设计【摘 要】齿轮传动是现代机械中应用最广的一种传动形式。它的主要优点是：1、瞬时传动比恒定、工作平稳、传动准确可靠，可传递空间任意两轴之间的运动和动力；2、适用的功率和速度范围广，传动效率高，工作可靠、使用寿命长；3、外轮廓尺寸小、结构紧凑。由齿轮、轴、轴承及箱体组成的齿轮减速器,用于原动机和工作机或执行机构之间,起匹配转速和传递转矩的作用,在现代机械中应用极为广泛国内的减速器多以齿轮传动、蜗杆传动为主，但普遍存在着功率与重量比小，或者传动比大而机械效率过低的问题。另外，材料品质和工艺水平上还有许多弱点，特别是大型的减速器问题更突出，使用寿命不长。国外的减速器，以德国、丹麦和日本处于领先地位，特别在材料和制造工艺方面占据优势，减速器工作可靠性好，使用寿命长。但其传动形式仍以定轴齿轮传动为主，体积和重量问题，也未解决好。当今的减速器是向着大功率、大传动比、小体积、高机械效率以及使用寿命长的方向发展。减速器与电动机的连体结构，也是大力开拓的形式，并已生产多种结构形式和多种功率型号的产品。近十几年来,由于近代计算机技术与数控技术的发展，使得机械加工精度，加工效率大大提高，从而

2、推动了机械传动产品的多样化，整机配套的模块化，标准化，以及造型设计艺术化，使产品更加精致，美观化。在21世纪成套机械装备中,齿轮仍然是机械传动的基本部件。CNC机床和工艺技术的发展,推动了机械传动结构的飞速发展。在传动系统设计中的电子控制、液压传动、齿轮、带链的混合传动,将成为变速箱设计中优化传动组合的方向。在传动设计中的学科交叉,将成为新型传动产品发展的重要趋势。【关键词】 减速器 轴承 齿轮 机械传动The Design of The Plate Mills GearJia GenqinClass of 0601 Machinery ManufacturingAbstract：Wheel gears spreading to move is a the most wide kind of the application spreads to move a form in the modern machine.Its main advantage BE:1、spreads to move to settle, work than in a moment steady, spread

3、to move accurate credibility, can deliver space arbitrarily sport and the motive of the of two stalks；Power and speed scope；2、applies are wide；spreads to move an efficiency high；work is dependable, service life long；3、Outline size outside the is small, structure tightly packed.The wheel gear constituted to；from wheel gear, stalk, bearings and box body decelerates a machine, useding for prime mover and work machine or performance organization of, have already matched to turn soon and deliver a fu

4、nction of turning , the application is extremely extensive in the modern machine. Local deceleration machine much with the wheel gear spread to move, the pole spread to move for lord, but widespread exist power and weight ratio small, or spread to move ratio big but the machine efficiency lead a low problem.There are also many weaknesses on material quality and craft level moreover, the especially large deceleration machines problem is more outstanding, the service life isnt long.The deceleratio

5、n machine of abroad, with Germany, Denmark and Japan be placed in to lead a position, occupying advantage in the material and the manufacturing craft specially, decelerating the machine work credibility like, service life long.But it spreads to move a form to still take settling stalk wheel gear to spread to move as lord, physical volume and weight problem, dont also resolve likeThe direction which decelerates a machine to is the facing big power and spread to move ratio, small physical volume,

6、high machine efficiency and service life to grow greatly nowadays develops.Decelerating the connecting of machine and electric motor body structure is also the form which expands strongly, and have already produced various structure forms and various products of power model numbers.Be close to ten several in the last yearses, control a technical development because of the modern calculator technique and the number, make the machine process accuracy, process an efficiency to raise consumedly, pus

7、hed a machine to spread the diversification of movable property article thus, the mold piece of the whole machine kit turns, standardizing, and shape design the art turn, making product more fine, the beauty turns.Become a set a machine material in 21 centuries medium, the wheel gear is still a machine to spread a dynamic basic parts.CNC tool machine and the craft technical development, pushed a machine to spread to move structure to fly to develop soon.Be spreading to move the electronics contr

8、ol, liquid in the system design to press to spread to move, wheel gear, take the mixture of chain to spread to move, will become become soon a box to design in excellent turn to spread to move a combination of direction.The academics that is in spread move the design crosses, will become new spread a movable property article the important trend of the development.Key words： Reduction gear Bearing gear mechanical drive一、传动装置的总体设计 （一）传动方案分析1、传动装置的布局要求：在分析盘磨机传动装置方案时，首先应该满足机械设计的基本要求，此外还要保证工作可靠，传动效率高

9、，结构简单，工艺性能好等，同时应注意常用机械传动方式的特点及在布局上的要求：（1）带传动平稳性好，能缓冲吸振，但承载能力小，宜布置在高速级；（2）链传动平稳性差，且有冲击、振动，宜布置在低速级；（3）蜗杆传动放在高速级时蜗轮材料应选用锡青铜，否则可选用铝铁青铜；（4）开式齿轮传动的润滑条件差，磨损严重，应布置在低速级；（5）锥齿轮、斜齿轮宜放在高速级；根据工作需要，所以，盘磨机与减速器之间应该选用锥齿轮进行传动。 2、传动系统方案的拟定盘磨机传动系统方案如下图所示：电动机1联轴器2直齿圆柱齿轮减速3联轴器5锥齿轮传动6主轴7盘磨机4电动机1通过联轴器2将动力传入直齿圆柱齿轮减速器3，再经过直齿圆柱齿轮减速器3通过联轴器5将动力传至锥齿轮6，由锥齿轮6通过主轴7传送到盘磨机4上工作。采用两级圆柱齿轮减速器，由于齿轮相对于轴承为不对称布置，因而沿齿向载荷分布不均，要求轴有较大刚度，应此选用展开式。3、确定减速器类型由于两级圆柱齿轮减速器由三种：直齿、斜齿和人字齿轮，根据以下工作条件和技术资料分析，因此选定直齿圆柱齿轮减速器。表1.1 工作条件和技术资料：工作条件工作期限工作班制载荷性质生产方式8年单班制轻微成批生产技术数据主轴转速电动机功率电动机转速圆锥齿轮传动比n=45r/minP=5.5KWn=1500r/mini=3.5动力来源电动机，三相交流，电压380/220V其它要求单向运转，总减速比允差5%；体积最小，强度足够（二）电动机的选择电动机已经标准化、系列化。应按照工作机的要求，根据选择的传动方案选择电动机的类型、容量和转速，并在产品目录中查出其型号和尺寸。1、电动机类型和结构型式的选择电动机有交流电动机和直流电动机之分，一般工厂都采用三相交流电，因而多采用交流电动机。交流电动机有异步电动机和同步电动机两类，异步电动机又分为笼型和绕线型两种，其中以普通笼型异步电动机应用最多。目前应用最广泛的是Y系列自扇冷式

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