被动语态复习
5页1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上被动语态复习讲义一、 主动变为被动的几个特殊情况:1 使役动词make/let sb do sth和感官动词see(hear, watch, feel) sb do sth结构变成被动句,要把省略的to加上。如:They watched the children sing that morning.The children were watched to sing that morning.2.带双宾语的动词结构如give( show, explain, bring, leave, buy) sb sth, 若将直 接宾语sth变成被动语态的主语,间接宾语sb前要加to或for等。如:Someone gave the boy an apple.An apple was given to the boy.His father left him this house.This house was left to him by his father.Someone has bought him a present. A present has been bought
2、 for him.3. 带有宾补的句子变被动时,只把宾语变成被动语态的主语就行了。(下列 划线部分是宾补,变成被动语态后,它们就成了主补)We call him Xiao Wang.He is called Xiao Wang.He cut his hair short.His hair was cut short.They told him to help me.He was told to help me.4.*当know, say, believe, find, think, report等词带有宾从时,要变被动通常用it作为形式主语,宾从不变。也可采用另一形式。 People believe that he is ill. It is believed that he is ill. Or : He is believed to be ill.二、 不能进行转化的情况:1 只有主动无被动的情况:1) 虽为及物动词,但其宾语并非动作的承受者。如have, hold, fit, become, contain, cost, last, mean等词. We have a new t
3、eacher. The film lasts two hours. The wind is becoming a strong one. This coat fits me well.2) 当宾语是反身代词、相互代词(如each other)或宾语前有指代主语的物主代词(如my, his , her)时: They help each otherI shook my headThe children seem to be enjoying themselves.3)下列成分作宾语时 John enjoyed seeing the film. I found that everything was ready. The foreign girl learned to be a cook.4) 由动词+名词构成的固定表达 They had a rest for a while and went on working. We Chinese always keep our word. We should not lose heart, but make another try.5)某些“不及
4、物动词+介词”短语如:walk into, listen to, sleep in, agree with, belong to take part in, keep up with 不可用于被动语态。6)表地点、处所、组织的词作宾语时: He entered the classroom just now. My brother joined the army in 1992.7) 表数量、长度、大小、或程度等词作宾语时: Each stone weighs as much as two and a half tons.2 只能用被动结构无主动语态的情况:1) 表礼貌时: Youre friendly invited to come to our English evening at 8:30 p.m.tomorrow.2)习惯或系表结构 It is said /reported that his father died eight years ago. I was born in 1956 The teacher was said to be a great writer. Im v
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