对外汉语拼音教学课件.ppt

两拼两拼( (声母声母+)+)aoeiuvaoe　　　bbabo　bibu　ppapo　pipu　mmamomemimu　ffafo　　fu　dda　dedidu　tta　tetitu　nna　neninunvllalolelilulvgga　ge　gu　kka　ke　ku　hha　he　hu　j　　　ji　juq　　　qi　qux　　　xi　xuzhzha　zhezhizhu　chcha　chechichu　shsha　sheshishu　rra　reriru　zza　zezizu　cca　cecicu　ssa　sesisu　第一课 Lesson One汉语拼音 和 日常用语Chinese Pīnyīn & Daily Expressions目录Chinese Pinyin introductionSimple VowelsInital ConsonantsTonesOther VowelsChinese Pinyin IntroductionSyllableSyllable = = Initial ConsonantInitial Consonant + + VowelVowel + +ToneTone mā = m + a + ˉInitial Consonant：：21Vowel：：38Tone：：41n ǐ hǎo 你 好hanzipinyin n ǐshengmuyunmushengdiao汉语拼音 Chinese Pīnyīn •Function:Just like the phonetic alphabets in English, Pīnyīn helps us to read Chinese words.•Formation: Initials 声母声母 shēng mǔ Finals 韵母韵母 yùn mǔ Tones 声调声调 shēng diàoe.g. 你你 (you) n-i-ˇ nǐ 好好 (good,fine) h-ao-ˇ hǎo声调声调 shēng diào The Chinese putonghua has four basic tones. They are shown by the tone-marks:ˉ(the 1st tone),ˊ(the 2nd tone),ˇ(the 3rd tone),ˋ(the 4th tone). Different tones may express different meanings.声调声调 shēng diào•bā bá bǎ bà 声调声调 shēng diào•mā má mǎ mà 声调声调 shēng diào•1. The tone-mark should be placed over the vowels,eg: nǐ, gē,bà•2. When a tone-mark is placed above the vowel i, the dot over it must be left out,eg: bǐ,wén jiàn jiá•3. A compound final carries two or more vowels, the tone-mark is placed over the vowel which pronounced with the mouth opening wider and louder,usually a,o,e,eg: lái, piào, dōu声调声调 shēng diào•轻声（the Neutral Tone)•Every Chinese character in Chinese Putonghua has its specific tone.But sometimes,in a word or a sentence some syllables lose their original tones and become weak and short, therefore it is called the neutral tone.The neutral tone syllables are shown by the absence of the tone-mark, for example:•Bàba 爸爸（father,dad) māma 妈妈（mother, mum)声母 shēng mǔConsonants, 21•When used as initials, the following consonants are pronounced roughly the same as they are in English.•b p m f d t n l g k h j s声母 shēng mǔConsonants, 21•When used as initials, the following consonants are pronounced quite differently from what they are in English.•q x z c zh ch sh r声母 shēng mǔ•b•bō luó 菠萝菠萝 (pineapple) bà ba 爸爸爸爸 (dad) bù 不不 (no)(similar with b in Brother but no buff of breath) 声母 shēng mǔ•P pǎ ǎo bù 跑步跑步 （（running,run) (similar to p in port pie But should be more articulated with more aspiration)声母 shēng mǔ•m•mā mā 妈妈 （（mum) mǎiǎi 买买 （（buy)（same as m in man mug)声母 shēng mǔ•f•chī fàn 吃饭吃饭 （（eating) fēng 风风 （（wind)(same with f in from far ) 声母 shēng mǔ•d•dà 大大 （（big, huge）） dìdi 弟弟弟弟 （（younger brother)(similar with d in dog dust but no puff of breath )声母 shēng mǔ•t•tài yáng 太阳（太阳（sun) tè bié 特别（特别（ very much) (similar to t in term tide top But should be more articulated with more aspiration)声母 shēng mǔ•n•nán rén 男人男人 （（male,man) ná 拿拿 （（take,pick,hold)（similar as n in no nation)声母 shēng mǔ•l•lóng 龙 （dragon) kuài lè 快乐（happy)（same as l in letter learn )声母 shēng mǔ•g•gē ge 哥哥 （older brother) gāo 高 （tall, high)(Similar with g in grill good but no puff of breath) 声母 shēng mǔ•k•Kě kě    yǐ•渴 （thirsty) 可    以 (can)•shàng  kè•  上     课 ( have class) kǎo shì 考试（exam) (similar to k in key But should be more articulated with more aspiration)声母 shēng mǔ•h•hē shuǐ (drink water)•hé  河 （river) hǎi hěn 海 （sea) 很 （too much)(h sounds like “h” in the English word“her” heart , but it must be added more friction of the breath than it is in English.)声母 shēng mǔ•j•jī 鸡 （chicken) jiā 家（ home)(j in Jeep )声母 shēng mǔ•q•qī 七 （seven) qián 钱（money)•qī   zi (wife)( ch in cheese )声母 shēng mǔ•x•xī 西（the west) xǐ huān 喜欢（（like)• xué  xí•学    习 (study)•(sh in sheep )声母 shēng mǔ•z•zì 字（characters) zuò 坐（sit) (similar with ds in friends z in zero )声母 shēng mǔ•c•cài 菜 （vegetable, dishes) cāi 猜（guess)(similar with the ts in bits students )声母 shēng mǔ•s•sì 四 （four) sī niàn 思念 （miss someone) (similar to s in student) 声母 shēng mǔ•zh•zhè 这（（this) zhàn 站站 （（stand)zhī dào (know) ( similar with dge in judge )声母 shēng mǔ•ch•chī 吃（eat） cháng 长（long)(similar to ch in church,but must have srong puff of breath)声母 shēng mǔ•sh•lǎo shī 老师（teacher) shí 十 (ten) (similar to sh in shirt)声母 shēng mǔ•r•rén 人 （human,people) rè 热 （hot)(similar to r in run)声母 shēng mǔTest: listen and choose the Initials you hear. b p m f d t n l g k h j q x zh ch sh r z c sa o e i u üdān yùn mǔ 单 韵 母：a     a in Fatherā  yí 阿 姨 bà bɑ 爸 爸  mā mɑ 妈 妈 oAwWǒ我fó 佛 eUhè    kuài lè   le       kě 饿   快   乐   了  可 iE  see beenǐ   mǐ fàn  4 你   米 饭 uoo in Loop bookbù xínɡ   bù zhī dào 不 行     不 知  道  ü(First, try to pronounce "i", and then your tongue stays here, gradually purse your lips. Try it yourself)yú    xià yǔ   lǜ sè 鱼    下  雨   绿 色  韵母韵母 yùn mǔ39, vowels,or vowel+n/ng•Single finals•a ā á ǎ à•o ō ó ǒ ò•e ē é ě è•i ī í ǐ ì•u ū ú ǔ ù•ü ǖ ǘ ǚ ǜfù yùn mǔ复 韵 母（componund finals） ai ei ao ou ia ie ua uo üeaiai (as in "high")wǒ ài nǐ      kě ài 我 爱 你     可 爱 zài   bái     在       白 zài jiàn 再  见ei(like a long "a" or the "ei" in "eight")lèi    hēi 累     黑  ao-ao (as in "how" or "out") hǎo   māo   shǎo   lǎo   ɡāo    zǎo shɑnɡ hǎo   好    猫    少     老    高     早  上    好 ou (like the "ow" in "low" or "boat") dōu   ɡǒu   kǒu   shǒu   zǒu   都    狗    口    手     走  iaia ( like ya in "yard") jiā  家 ie-ie (like ye in "yes")bié   jié rì   xiè xiè  别    节  日   谢  谢 ua-ua (u followed by a) kuā   huā   zhuā   shuā  夸    花    抓     刷 uo-uo (as in "war")cè suǒ    duō shǎo   ɡuó jiā  厕 所     多  少     国  家 üe xué xí    xué shenɡ   xué xiào   dà xué   yuē huì 学  习    学  生      学  校     大 学    约  会 sān chóng yùn mǔ三 重 韵 母（ finals consisting of 3 single finals） uai uei(ui) iao iou(iu) uai-uai (like wi in "wild")shuài    huài    shuāi 帅       坏      衰  Uei (ui)-ui (similar to "way")duì   bú duì    ɡuì    huì    bú huì   shuǐ    shuí  对    不 对     贵     会     不 会    水      谁  iao-iao (like yow in "yowl")jiào     jiǎo    biǎo   niǎo   liáo tiān   xiǎo   叫       脚      表     鸟     聊   天     小  iou(iu)-iu (like yo in "yoga")diū   niú   liù    丢    牛    六 bí yùn mǔ鼻 韵 母（nasal finals） qián bí yùn mǔ 前 鼻 韵 母(front nasal finals)an en in ian uen(un)uanüan an-an (like the sounds of "John" or "angry")màn   chī fàn    hàn yǔ    hěn nán    慢    吃  饭     汉  语    很  难  en-en (like “en" in "open")rén   zhōnɡ ɡuó rén   tài ɡuó rén   人    中    国  人    泰  国  人    zěn me yànɡ    zhēn    zhēn de mɑ    怎  么 样      真  真的吗in-in (as in "bin")nín   jīn tiān   xīn   您    今  天     新  ian-ian (similar to "yen")qián    duō shǎo qián   miàn tiáo   fàn diàn     钱      多  少   钱     面   条     饭  店        uan-uan (u followed by an)luàn   duǎn   ɡuān mén  乱     短     关   门  uen(un)As whenyún    kūn mínɡ    chūn tiān  云     昆  明      春   天 Üan Ün-uan un(ü followed by an n, only with initials j,q,x)yuǎn   quàn   xuǎn zé 远     劝     选   择  hòu bí yīn yùn mǔ后 鼻 音 韵 母(back nasal finals)ang eng ing ongiang ueng ionguangang(like the sound of "under" or "rang' )pànɡ   mánɡ   zhānɡ   shànɡ kè   rànɡ   zānɡ 胖     忙     张      上    课   让     脏  eng-eng (like the "ung" in "lung")fēnɡ   nénɡ   xué shenɡ  风     能     学  生  ing-ing (like "sing")mínɡ zi   tīnɡ  名   字   听    nǐ jiào shén me mínɡ zi ？ 你 叫   什   么 名   字 ？  ongong (like the "ung" in "lung" with a slight "oo" sound) yònɡ   dōnɡ   ɡōnɡ zuò   zhōnɡ ɡuó  用     东     工   作    中    国 iang(-i followed by ang) uang-uang (like wang in "twang") uengu after with engiong (i merged with ong)tè shū yuán yīn yùn mǔ特殊 元 音 韵 母( special finals）er 儿er can not be combined with any other yunmu( finals） ，it can only be the finals by itself. It is commonly used in northern dialect. There are many words in the northern dialect pronunciation of vowels occur due to the volume of tongue action sound change, and this phenomenon is called er hua.erer in herd-i (in zi ci si)-i（in zhi chi shi)Simple Vowels•a jar •o log •e bird •er 2•i east •u moon •ü •a•o•e•i•u•ü3、、Initial Consonants•b(+o) brother bō bà bù •p(+o) pie pá pò pí •m(+o) mug mā mù mǐ •f(+o) far fó fù fǎ •d(+e) dust dà dú dé •t(+e) tide tā tè tù•n(+e) nation nà nǐ nù •l(+e) learn lā lù lǜ •g(+e) grill gē gū gá •k(+e) key kě kǎ kū•h(+e) heart hé hǔ hā •j(+i) jī jū •q(+i) qī qù •x(+i) xī xū •z(+-i) zero zì zá zú •c(+-i) students cā cí cū •s(+-i) students sì sā sè •zh(+-i) zhǐ zhè zhū •ch(+-i) chī chá chē •sh(+-i) shí shā shū •r(+-i) rì rè rù •¯ ¯ mā bā lū • ̷ má bá lú •˅ mǎ bǎ lǔ • \ mà bà lù Mark tones rules Mark tones rules (1)a(1)a˃o o˃e e˃i i˃u u˃ü ü•bā bāo bái xià bā bāo bái xià •pò pōu pò pōu •dé nèi xiè dé nèi xiè (2)iu,ui(2)iu,ui•liù niú ; duì tuǐ liù niú ; duì tuǐ •(3) j,q,x (3) j,q,x ü ü• jü jū jü jū •qü qù qü qù •xü xǔ xü xǔ •nǚ lǜnǚ lǜ 5、、Other Vowels•ai ài mǎi cài •ei bēi hēi fēi •ao ǎo lǎo bāo •ou ōu dōu tóu •ia yā xià jiā •ie yè liè bié 韵母韵母 yùn mǔ•i i•1. When i stands by itself as a syllable, it should be written as yi.•2. i should be written as y when it is placed at the beginning of a final standing by itself as a syllable, or y is added before i,eg:•ia-ya ie-ye iou-you iang-yang韵母韵母 yùn mǔ•u•1. When u stands by itself as a syllable, it should be written as wu.•2. When u combines with other finals to form syllables, it should be written as W,eg:•ua-wa uo-wo uei-wei uan-wan•Ü iThe Separation LettersThe Separation LettersSeparation      LettersVowelsApplication rules Finally formyi,in,ing+yyi,yin,yingia,ie,iaoi   yya,ye,yaoü,üe,üan+y,ü   uyu,yue,yuanwu+wwuua,uo,uaiu   wwa,wo,wai•ua wā huā guā •uo wō huǒ guó •üe yuè nüè lüè •iao yào xiǎo qiáo •iou yóu liù niú (iu)•uai wāi huài shuài •uei wéi shuí zhuī (ui) •an àn bān lán •en èn rén shén •in yìn xīn jìn•ün yún •ian yān liǎn xiàn•uan wǎn luàn zuǎn•üan yuán •uen wén xún zhǔn (un) •ang áng máng zhāng •eng dēng lěng céng •ing yīng míng tǐng •ong zhōng hóng tòng •iang yáng liàng niáng•uang wǎng huáng zhuāng•iong yǒng jiǒng xióng •ueng wēng • mù bā pò dé nǐ lǘ fàn hěn hǎo chī. wǒ fēi cháng shuài. xiè xiè duì bù qǐ gēn wǒ dú. zài shuō yī biàn .zuò liàn xí .wǒ men yì qǐ xué hàn yǔ .jiā yóu !日常用语 Daily Expressions1.zǎo shang hǎo！    xià wǔ    hǎo    wǎn shang hǎo      日常用语(一）Daily Expressions2.duì bu qǐ  méi guān xì日常用语 Daily Expressions3.nǐ hǎo日常用语(一）Daily Expressions4.xiè xie  zài jiàn日常用语 Daily Expressions5.wǒ nǐ tā wǒ men    nǐ men tā men日常用语 Daily Expressions lǎo   sh ī xué shengshàng kèxià kè•tīng (listen) •shuō (speak)•dú (read)•xiě (write) yí xià děng (wait)gēn wǒ dú (read after me)。