最新选修八unit1知识点解析.doc

选修八Unit 1 A land of diversity单元要点预览（旨在让同学整体了解本单元要点）词 汇 部 分词语 辨析1. means / way / method 2. perce nt / perce ntage3. obvious / appare nt/ evide nt / clear 4. hire / employ / rent词形变化1. elect vt.选举，推举；选 择vi.进行选举，作出选择electio n n.选举，推举，当选elective adj.可 任意选 择的n.选修科目2. immigrate vi. 移入immigrati on n.移民入 境immigrant n.移民，侨民3. race n.赛跑；竞争；人种V.参赛racial adj.人种的，种 族的racism n.种族歧视，种 族偏见；种族主义4. appare nt adj.显然的，明白的，表面上的apparently adv.显然， 表面上地5. punishment n.罚，刑罚punish vt.惩罚，处罚重点 单词1. majority n.大多数；大半2. applicant n.申请人3. occur vi.发生；出现；存在4. indicate vt.指出；标示；表明5. slip vi.滑动；滑行；滑跤 n.滑倒；小过失；失误6. insert vt.插入，嵌入重点 词组1. live on继续生活或存在2. make a life习惯于新的生活方式、工作等3. keep up坚持；维持；沿袭古老的风俗、 传统等；使某人不能去睡觉4. team up with （与某人）一起工作（尤指为一共同目标） ；合作5. mark out划线标出 界线6. take in包括；吸收；接纳；欺骗7. a great/good many 相当多，彳艮多重点句子1. Califor nia is the third largest state in the USA but has the largest populati on.2. Exactly when the first people arrived in what we now know as California, no one really kno ws.重点语法名词性从句（见语法部分）语言要点（模块）I.词语辨析（旨在提供完形填空所需材料 ）1. means / way / method【解释】means方法、方式、工具”，着重于具体的手段。

单复数相同）way 一般的方法、方式或个人的特殊方法方式 ”，与技巧或效果的好坏无关method有系统的、有效率的精心拟定的方法 ”，也可以指抽象概念 条理”短语搭配：做 的方法：a way to do sth./ a way of doing sth. / a method of doing sth.；用这种/些方法：in this way / with the method / by this means ;用 方法，借助 :bymeans of...无论如何：by all means;—点也不，决不（用于句首句子需倒装 ）:by no means;by the way 顺便问一下； on one ' s way t在去 的路上；in the way 挡住路【练习】用 means, way, method填空1) . These vegetables can be cooked in differe nt .2) . Only in this can you find out the truth.3) . By this I get in touch with him.4) . We express our thoughts by of words.5) . shall I lend him mon ey!6) . The methods of (teach) n eed (improve).Keys: 1). ways 2). way 3). means 4). means 5). By no means6). teach ing; improvi ng / to be improved2. perce nt / perce ntage【解释】percent表示百分之……”相当于 ％ ”其前面往往是一个具体的数字。

percentage 表示 百分比；百分率 ”前面不能是具体数字，只能被 high , low 等修饰练习】 用 percent，percentage填空1) . I am a hun dred in agreeme nt with you.2) . This compa ny only supply 30 of what we n eed.3) . The nu mbers are small, in terms, but sig ni fica nt.4) . There used to be a high of babies that diet scarlet fever every year.Keys: 1). perce nt 2). perce nt 3). perce ntage 4). perce ntage what perce ntage3. obvious / appare nt/ evide nt / clear【解释】obvious意为 某东西具有显著特点，不需费力就可觉察到，常用于一目了然的事物 ”apparent意为表面看起来很明显，而实际情况未必如此 ”evident意为有证据作出合理判断，考虑到各种事实、条件后而显得明显 ”。

clear意为不存在使人迷惑或使问题复杂化的因素 ”【练习】用 obvious， apparent，evident， clear 填空1) . It was an mistake for him to have gone alone.2) . The situatio n is to every one.3) . It was beco ming in creas in gly that he disliked me.4) . The applause made it that the play was a hit.Keys: 1). obvious 2). clear 3). appare nt 4). evide nt4. hire / employ / rent【解释】hire是日常用语，指按工作量或时间雇用人或租借东西，有 花钱使用某物”和 把某物使用权出让给别人以收取费用 "之意；多指临时租用某物女如： hire a boat, a car, a camera,a bicycle，an evening dress, a hall for a meeting 等，指人时，有 雇用” 受雇"两种含 义。

employ较正式，多指商店或公司长期雇用人手；受雇人员较广，甚至包括社会地位较高 的职业人员，有 聘请"之义；也可以解释为 忙于，从事"常用于be employed in sth. /doing sth.短语中 注：要弄清 employ几个名词的用法：employee (雇工，雇员)，employer (户主，东家)，employment (就业，雇用 )rent —般指租借房屋、地产(租借出去)；也有花钱使用某物”和把某物使用权出让给别人 以收取费用"之意；多指用于长时间的场合如： rent a house，a flat， a TV等rent还可作名词，意为 租金； 租费 ”【练习】用hire， employ， rent填空1) . Our house has bee n by a n ewly-married couple.2) . It s rtapOto proper words in writ ing poem.3) . They in writi ng whe n I came.4) . They out boats by the hour.5) . We a driver to take us on a tour of the city.Keys: 1). ren ted 2). employ 3). were employed 4). hire 5). hired n .词性变化~~(旨在提供语法填空所需材料)1. elect vt.选举，推举；选 择vi.进行选举，作出选择electio n n.选举，推举，当选elective adj.可任意选择的 n. 选修科目2. immigrate vi. 移入immigration n.移民入境immigrant n.移民，侨民3. race n赛跑；竞争；人种v.参赛racial adj.人种的，种族的racism n.种族歧视，种族偏见；种族主义4. apparent adj.显然的，明 白的，表面上的appare ntly adv.显然，表面上 地5. punishment n. 罚，刑罚punish vt.惩罚，处罚【练习】用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空。

1) . I n America, preside ntial (elect) are held every four years.2) . They deserve to (puni sh) for putt ing passe ngers at risk.3) . She had to tidy the classroom as (puni sh) for being late.4) . She was the daughter of Chin ese (immigrate) to America.5) . There was a sudde n in crease (immigrate) in from Eastern Europe.6) . He is a victim of (race) discrim in ati on.7) . She turned to face him, her an ger (appare nt) gone.8) . Their motives, as will soon become (appare ntly), are completely selfish.Keys: 1). elect ions 2). be puni shed 3). puni shme nt 4). immigra nts5). immigratio n 6). racial 7). appare ntly 8). appare nt川.重点词汇(旨在提供词汇综合运用所需材料)1. majority n.大多数；大半 major adj.&n.较大的，主要的；主修，专攻(反义词minority少数；少数民族)［典例］1) . A / The majority of doctors agree that smoking is extremely harmful to health.大多数医生认为吸烟对健康极为有害。

2) . The majority was/were in favour of th。