2024年中考英语重难点专练05易混动词辨析.pdf

重难点 05 易混动词辨析中考英语对动词的考查集中在单项选择题，完形填空、单词题、短文填空题考查重点包括动词词义辨析、动词短语辨析和情态动词本专题目的在于帮助学生梳理易混动词，明晰他们之间的区别与用法高频易混动词Group 1take placetake place 表示发生，只有计划，有安排的发生；不用于被动happenhappen 表示发生，他是偶然性的发生不用于被动sbhappen to do sth 某人碰巧做某事Group 2hopehope 希望，表达的愿望是有信心实现的；hope to do sth 希望做某事，不用 hope sb to do sth.wishwish 希望，表达的愿望难以实现或不可能实现wish 表示祝愿，可以用 wish sb to do sth 希望某人做某事，也可以用wish to do sth 希望做某事Wish sb+名词,表示祝愿某人Group 3wearwear通常指穿着衣服的状态put onput on 通常指穿衣的动作dressdress“给.穿衣服”dress sb,get dressed“穿着”表状态inin后面可以接颜色或衣服，着重于服装的款式或颜色。

inred 穿着红衣服，in a red skirt 穿着一条红裙Group 4joinjoin其后常接表示团体、组织类的名词，表示成为其中一员，join the Music Club 加入音乐俱乐部,也可接 sb；jointhem 加入他们join injoin in 加入，参加活动join in sth/doing sthtake part intake part in 指参加会议或群众性活动等,着重说明句子主语参加该项活动并在活动中发挥作用Group 5leaveleave 表示“离开、遗忘”leave sth.+sw，表示把某物忘在某地forgetforget 忘记，后接 sth/sb,常用于 forget to do sth.忘记去做某事；或者 forget doing sth.忘记做过某事loselose 丢失，失去，lose sth 丢失某物lost 是 lose 的过去式或过去分词.loss 是它的名词形式Group 6hearhear 听见，听到其后直接跟宾语，强调的是听的结果listenlisten“听”强调的是听的动作，不及物动词接宾语时，常与 to 连用Group 7findfind 找到，强调找的结果；find 还表示“发现”，find sbdo/doing sth 发现某人做了/正在做某事。

look forlook for 寻找，强调找的过程find outfind out 表示找出，发现，查明(真相等)，指通过调查、寻问、打听、研究之后“搞清楚、弄明白”,通常含有“经过困难曲折”的含义,指找出较难找到的、无形的、抽象的东西Group 8receivereceive 指客观上的收到acceptaccept 指主观上的接受Group 9adviseadvise 意为建议，常用搭配是 advise sb(not)to do 建议某人做（不做）某事,名词形式：advice(不可数)suggestsuggest 意为“建议”常用搭配是 suggestdoing/n.，suggest(that)sb(should)do,suggest sth to sbGroup 10borrowborrow 意为“借来”，borrow sth from sb 向某人借某物,是瞬间动词，不能和表示一段时间的时间状语连用lendlend 意为“借出”，lend sth to sb 把某物借给某人,是瞬间动词，不能和表示一段时间的时间状语连用keepkeep 意为“保管”，是延续性动词，能与 for,since howlong 等表示一段时间的时间状语连用。

Group 11developeddeveloped 发达的；形容词developed countries 意为“发达国家developingdeveloping 发展中的,形容词.developing countries 意为“发展中国家”developmentdevelopment 发展，名词developdevelop 发展,动词Group 12deaddead 形容词，死了的dyingdying 即将死去的；垂死的diedie 动词，死；过去式，过去分词 dieddeathdeath 名词，死亡Group 13talktalk 谈话，是不及物动词，常用 talk to/with sb.（跟某人谈话），talk about sth 谈论某事speakspeak“说”、“讲”、“演讲”speak at our class meeting.在班会上发言;作及物动词时，宾语常是表示语言的词speak Chinese 说汉语telltell 告诉；用于“tell sb.sth.”或“tell sb.about sth.”的句型中此外 tell 后面可加一些固定的名词，如 tell a lie（说慌）,tell the truth（说实话）,tell a story（讲故事）。

saysay 作为及物动词时，后跟宾语，侧重于说的内容：也可以用作不及物动词，常用 say to sbGroup 14spendspend 的主语必须是人，sb spend timemoney on sth.在上花费时间（金钱）sb spend timemoney(in)doingsth.花费时间（金钱）做某事costcost 的主语是物或某种活动，sth.costs(sb.)金钱,某物花了（某人）多少钱.注意：cost 的过去式及过去分词都是 cost,并且不能用于被动句taketake 主语为物或 it.It takes sb.时间to do sth.做某事花了某人多少时间doing sth.takes sb.时间,做某事花了某人多少时间paypay 主语为人 sb pay money for sth.付钱买Group 15carrycarry:提；扛；搬，没有方向性taketake:拿去，带去，带离说话处take sth with sb 指随身带上某物bringbring:拿来，带来指从别处把某人或某物带到或拿到说话者所在的地点来fetchfetch 去取来，接来Group 16beatbeat 打败，后接人或团体；beat 还有敲打，心脏跳动的意思。

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