课堂同步重难点剖析宾语补足语(高中必修一Unit1Lesson2).doc

课堂同步重难点剖析 高中必修一 Unit 1 Lesson 2 Relaxing 宾语补足语用法归纳宾语补足语主要是用来说明宾语的身份、特征或状态能够充当补足语的有形容词、副词、分词、名词、介词短语，以及动词不定式 在学习中要特别注意不定式、现在分词、过去分词作宾补的区别1) 形容词、副词充当宾语补足语表示使主语保持某种动作或状态如： I want to have my room clean and tidy．我想要保持房间的整洁 2) 过去分词充当宾语补足语宾补和宾语之间为被动关系 常见的有：“have / get / leave / keep/ make+宾语 + 过去分词”如：I must get／have my suit washed．我一定请人把我的衣服洗一洗 He had his money stolen on the bus yesterday．他昨天在公共汽车上钱被人偷了 Because of my poor English, I’m afraid I can’t make myself understood. 因为英语很差，我担心别人听不懂我的话When he woke up, he found the situation changed completely. 当他醒来时，发现情景完全变了。

3) 现在分词充当宾语补足语现在分词作补语时，被补足的宾语或主语是它的逻辑主语（即主动关系） ，且表示动作正在进行；表示“使（保持）— 一直做某事（处于某种状态） ”常见的有“have/ leave/ get /keep /sent + 宾语 + 现在分词”结构，有“让…一直干；听任…一直”之意如： I’m sorry to keep you waiting so long. 对不起，让您久等了It could be very interesting to watch an Arab and an Englishman talking together. 看一个阿拉伯人和一个英国人一起谈话是很有意思的 After school the teacher had the naughty boys staying in the classroom． 放学后，老师让这个顽皮的孩子留在教室里4) 不定式做宾语补足语不定式和宾语之间为主动关系，表示过去或将来的动作在使役动词 let/have/make及感官动词 see/watch/feel/hear 等动词后用不带 to 的不定式做宾语补足语。

但这些动词为被动时应该把动词还原如： She had the three boys clean the classroom．她让那三个男孩打扫了教室 The boss warned him not to be late again. 老板警告他不要再迟到了The waiter was made to apologize to the guest. 侍者被迫向客人道歉 【经典考题】1) John was so sleepy that he could hardly keep his eyes ___.A. open B. to be opened C. to open D. opening (MET92)2) My advisor encouraged _______ a summer course to improve my writing skills. A. for me taking B. me taking C. for me to take D. me to take （2004 北京卷）3) The missing boys were last seen ___ near the river. (NMET94) A. playing B. to be playing C. play D. to play 4) Laws that punish parents for their little children’s actions against the laws get parents _ .A. worried B. to worry C. worrying D. worry（2004 重庆卷）析：1) A。

此句中“保持眼睛一直睁着”是一种持续的状态，要用形容词作宾补；而不是持续发生的动作，不用现在分词，排除 D2) Dencourage sb to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事3) A从 last 这一时间可看出， “看见”时这个小男孩“正在河边玩”，用现在分词作宾语的补足语，而不能用不定式，因不定式作宾补侧重说看到“完”的全过；用现在分词作主语补足语强调动作和谓语动词的动作同时发生4) A worry 作及物动词时，意为“使- - -烦恼/担心” ，宾补和宾语之间为逻辑上的被动关系，因此用过去分词作宾语补足语难题剖析】Whom would you rather ____ with you，Tom or Jack？ A．have to go B．have gone C．have go D．have to gone 析：C本题考查的是“have ＋sb．＋do”这一结构的疑问句形式我们把它变成陈述句时，这一结构就非常清楚：I would rather have Tom go with me．再就划线部分提问，就变成了上面那句话再如：Who are you going to have pull out your bad teeth ？ 你打算让谁为你拔掉坏牙？【巩固练习】用括号内动词适当的形式填空。

1). The next morning she found the man ___(lie) in bed, dead. 2). If you wave your book in front of your face, you can feel the air ___ (move) against your face. 3). —I'd love to go with you，but I have a radio ______(repair). to repair —Why not have it ______(repair)？ 4). The teacher asked us ___ (keep) quite. 5). Work finished, we found the worker ___(scold) by the boss. (Keys: 1). lying 2). moving 3). repaired 4). to keep 5). Scolded ) 。