高三英语寒假作业专题1名1词性从句（学）.doc

高三英语寒假作业 专题11 名词性从句（学）名词性从句是高考的常考点名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句和表语从句名词性从句在高考中的考查重点：1. that和what引导名词性从句的区别；2.名词从句的语序和时态；3. it作形式主语、形式宾语的几种情况；4.宾语从句的否定转移；5.whether和if的用法区别；6.what在名词性从句中的使用；7.doubt后的名词性从句的使用；8.Who / whoever, what / whatever等的用法区别；9.连接词that的省略；学习时尤其要注意区分和归纳what/that/wh-ever/whether等的语义功能和语法功能重点知识整合】名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句引导名词性从句的关联词有：从属连词that，whether，if ，wh-连接代词和连接副词，关系代词what，whatever等 一、that从句 1．that从句作主语时，常用it作形式主语，常见的句型有： (1)It+be+形容词(obvious, true, natural, surprising, good, wonderful, funny, possible, likely, certain, probable, etc.)+that从句。

It is probable that he has told her everything.他可能已经把所有事情都告诉她了例】It is obvious to the students ______ they should get well prepared for their future.A. as B. which C. whether D. that (2)It+be+名词词组(no wonder，an honour，a good thing，a pity, no surprise, etc.)+that从句 Its a pity that we cant go.真可惜我们不能去 Its no surprise that our team should have won the game.不要惊奇，我们队本来就应赢得比赛 (3)It+be+过去分词(said, reported, thought, expected, decided, announced, arranged, etc.)+that从句 It is said that Mr Green has arrived in Beijing. 据说格林先生已经到达北京了。

It is decided that the meeting has been put off till next Monday. 根据决定这个会议已经被推迟到下周一 (4)以下情况用虚拟语气 ①It is suggested/advised/ordered/requested/required/insisted（坚持要，一定要）that sb. (should) do sth. ②It is necessary/important/strange/natural that sb. (should) do sth. 2．作动词的宾语 (1)常见的可以接that从句作宾语的动词有see，say，know, imagine, discover, believe, tell, show, think, consider, make等在可以接复合宾语的动词之后，如think，make，consider等，可以用it作形式宾语，此时that不可省略 We consider it necessary that he should improve his pronunciation.他应当改进他的发音，我们认为这是必要的。

He has made it clear that he will not give in. 他不会屈服的，这一点他已明确表示了 (2)that从句一般不能充当介词的宾语，偶尔可作except，in，but的宾语 He differed from his classmates in that he devoted his spare time to reading． 他和他的同学不同的地方在于他把业余时间用在读书上 其他介词后面需要用that从句作宾语时，必须用it作形式宾语 You may depend on it that I shall always help you. 我会一直帮助你，你要相信这一点 3．作形容词的宾语 某些形容词后常接宾语从句，这类形容词有sure, glad, certain, pleased, happy, afraid, surprised, satisfied等，连接词that可省略 Im afraid you dont understand what I said just now. 我担心你没有明白我刚才说了什么。

Mother was very pleased her daughter had passed the exams．妈妈很高兴，她的女儿通过了考试 4．作表语 (1)连接词that不可省略 (2)主句的主语是reason，则表语从句只能用that引导 The reason why he was late for class is that he didnt catch the early bus.他上课迟到的原因是他没有赶上早班车 (3)主句的主语是advice，suggestion，order，proposal等时，表语从句应用“should+动词原形”，should可以省略 5．作同位语 The news that the plane will take off on time makes everyone happy.飞机将按时起飞的消息使每个人都很高兴注意：that引导的同位语从句与关系代词that引导的定语从句的区别 连接词that引导同位语从句时，应放在某些抽象名词之后如 ：fact, hope, desire, thought, suggestion, idea, news,problem，possibility等，对前面的名词起补充说明的作用，连接词that只起引导同位语从句的作用，在从句中不担当任何成分，不能省略。

关系代词that引导定语从句时，关系代词that一方面起引导定语从句的作用，但另一方面，that在定语从句中担当主语或宾语若作宾语，还可以省略但是，引导同位语从句的that一般不能省略 The news that our football team won the match was really encouraging．（同位语从句） 我们的足球队赢得了比赛的消息真是鼓舞人心 The news (that) we heard on the radio was not true.（定语从句） 我们在收音机里听到的消息不是真的例】 We should consider the students’ request the school library provide more books on popular science. A. that B. when C. which D. where 【例】 The fact has worried many scientists ______ the earth is becoming warmer and warmer these years. A. what B. which C. that D. though 【例】News came from the school office ________Wang Lin had been admitted to Beijing University.A. which B. what C. that D. where二、wh-疑问从句1．作主语，常用it作形式主语It doesnt matter whether she will come or not. 她来不来无所谓。

It makes no difference where we shall have the meeting. 我们在哪儿开会都无所谓 It has not been decided yet who will preside at the meeting. 由谁来主持会议还没有确定注意：主语从句如果是用what，whatever，whoever等引导的，表示一个具体的东西或人，这种主语从句不能用it来替换What he found interested me greatly.他的发现使我很感兴趣Whoever has finished may rest．谁完工了就可以休息例】A good friend of mine from I was born showed up at my home right before I left for Beijing．A．how B．whomC．when D．which 2．作直接宾语 能跟wh-疑问从句作直接宾语的动词（短语）很多，常见的有see, tell, ask, answer, know, decide, find out, imagine, suggest,doubt, wonder, show, discuss, understand, inform, advise等。

I cant imagine how he did it. 我不能想象他是怎样做那件事的 They couldnt understand why I refused. 他们不明白我为什么拒绝了 注意：wh-疑问从句还可作介词的宾语，但if从句不能作介词的宾语It all depends (on) how we solve the problem.这完全要看我们如何鹪决这个问题We are worrying about what we should do next.我们正在为下一步该怎么办而烦恼 3．作表语The problem is where we should stay.问题是我们应该待在哪儿例】The little girl who got lost decided to remain _________she was and wait tor her mother. A. where B. what C. how D. who 4．作某些形容词的宾语 You must be careful what you do.你必须小心你所做的事情。

5．作同位语 The question why so ma。