1、三种语气 条件结果型虚拟语气.docx

虚拟语气比较全面的表格化总结三种语气1.陈述语气（陈述事实或者意见）You bought a pot yesterday I shall buy a pot tomorrow.2.祈使语气（提求请求，命令等）Please buy a pot tomorrow. Do buy a pot tomorrow.3.虚拟语气（表示主观顾望和虚拟假想等的情 况）How I wish you had bought a pot yesterday.I command that you (should) buy a pot tomorrow.虚拟语气用以表示1.愿望I wish I had your brains.2假设If he u)ere here, he might be able to help.3.空想If we w)ere. to be 200 years old. we could, change everything.4.猜测It might have been Mr. Li who moved the snow away.5.可能Who could it be to have done a good job?6必然jIt was natural that my pictures (should) surprise them7.应当My request is that you (should) lecture on Pakistan.8.遗憾I'm sorry that she (should) be in such poor health.9.命令It was ordered that they (should) have the following week.10建议You had better leave the matter with me11必要Is it necessary that you (should) take an examination?12.责备You should, have got up earlier.13.惊奇I never expected that the problem should, be so complicated.14.目的The teacher spoke slowly in order that the students might / could hear clearly15祝原Long live the Communist Party of China!16.委蜿Would, you mind, turning the light on?条件结果型虚拟语气与现在 事实相 反条件从句中动词用过去式（be的过去 式一般用were）;主句动词用would / should / could / might +动词原形If I were you，I shouldn't do that.He would certainly go if he had the time.How nice it would be if you could stay a bit longer. If he were here，we could, ask him.与过去 事实相 反条件从句中动词用had +过去分词； 主句动词用 would / should / could / might + have +过去分词If you had come earlier，you would (might) have met him. You wouldn't have caught cold if you had put on more clothes.If I had. known more about giving first aid，I could, have helped, her.与将来 事实可 能相反主句的动 词同“现在 情况”，条件 从句动词 有三种情 况①一般假设用过去式 （be动词一般用were）If he tried his best，he could easily win the prize. If I were you，I would, give an AIDS patient a hug.②可能性极小的假设 用 should +动词原形If he should be sick，he would send for the doctor.If she should, fail in the experiment this time，he might try again.③绝不可能的假设用 were +动词原形If she were to start tomorrow morning，she would reach home in the evening.If we w)ere. to panic，we should, not be able to help.混合条 件:主句 动作与 条件从 句动作 的时间 不一致， 这种句 子又称 错综时 间条件 句①过去的条件，现在的结果If the weather had been more favorable，the crops would be growing much better.Had I taken, my umbrella，I should not be wet now.②过去的条件，将来的结果Henry would get his college diploma(文凭)next year if he had been more diligent in his middle school years.③现在的条件，过去的结果If you were in better health，we would have allowed you to join in the work.④现在的条件，将来的结果If he was 3 centimeters shorter，he would be a acrobat(杂技演员) next month.If you hesitated, this moment，you might suffer in future.⑤将来的条件，现在的结果J 丿丿 u JJIf Tom and Jenny were not to hold their wedding next Friday，they would, not be so busy getting his house decorated now.⑥将来的条件，过去的结果If Li Ping should not have to leave for his college，his father would not have been hurt on the way to buy the train ticket for him yesterday afternoon.If Ellan should, arrive today，she must have started, days ago.去掉if 的虚拟 语倒装 条件句①助动词had放句首Had I known your address, I would have written to you.Had electronic computers not been invented, many problems of space flight could not have been saved②助动词should放句首Should it rain tomorrow, he would not come.Should, they offer to help us. we could, finish the work on time.③助动词were放句首（有时were是连 系动词）Were it not for his illness, he could do better.Were he to come, we could, talk, it over.其它 形式的条件①上下文表示He would have given you more help but he has been so buy. Who but a fool would believe that?I wouldn't have acted as he did.Einstein cared for little money, though he could have been very rich.②省去条件句（只有主句）Such mistakes could have been avoided. You should have been more careful.③省去主句（只有条件句）If only you had studied even harder! As if he would ever do such a thing!含 蓄 条 件 句①介词短语But for the captain, the ship would have sunk with all on board. But for the storm, we should have arrived earlier.But for your help we should not have finished in time. Anybody in her position would have helped the poor. Anybody in her position would have done the same. That would have been considered a wonder in the past. With better equipment, we could have done it better.This change couldn't have taken place without a solid industrial foundation.There would be no life on earth without air or water.We could have done better under more favorable conditions.Under such circumstances I would probably have done the same.②用连词 otherwise, or, once...等词表 示She wasn't feeling well. Otherwise / Or she wouldn't have left so early.I was ill that day. Otherwise I would have taken part in the discussion.It obliged me to rise too or I could not have supported him.Once lost, it would be very hard to find.③定语从句What would people say about him, whose wife should take bribes.④不定式短语It 。