loving and hating new york高级英语(课堂PPT).ppt

Loving and Hating Loving and Hating NNeeww YYoorrkkThat all depends on you!That all depends on you!1What is the image of America in your mind?2•Freedom •Open•Energetic•Rich•High-tech•Skyscraper •Silicon valley•Automobile•NBA•Football•Disney•Hollywood3•真正来了纽约，你心中的纽约又会变成另一个样子，每个人都看到了自己想看的纽约4•无数的博物馆•自由女神•华尔街•街头文化5•纽约的多样就如同纽约人自己认为的那样，世界的中心•在纽约你可以找到所有地方的文化……•在纽约你可以领略最大的宽容和自由•在纽约你可以看到最奢华的消费和最肮脏的街头•在纽约你可以找到每一种欲望•在纽约你可以看到时代广场的繁华也可以看到中央公园的静谧6•如果你爱他，就把她送到纽约去，因为那里是天堂；如果你恨她也把她送到纽约去，因为那里是地狱7Geography •in the Northeastern United States, in southeastern New York State, approximately halfway between Washington, D.C. and Boston. The location at the mouth of the Hudson River helped the city grow in significance as a trading port. Much of New York is built on the three islands of Manhattan, Staten Island, and Long Island8•The city's total area is 468.9 square miles (1,214 km2). 164.1 sq mi (425 km2) of this is water and 304.8 sq mi (789 km2) is land9climate•humid subtropical climate• The area averages 234 days with at least some sunshine annually, and averages 58% of possible sunshine annually,[•Winters are cold and damp•temperatures in winter could for a few days be as low as −12 °C and as high as 10 °C10•Spring and autumn are unpredictable and can range from chilly to warm•Summers are typically hot and humid with a July average of 24.7 °C•temperatures exceed 32 °C on average of 17 days each summer and can exceed 38 °C•throughout the year. Average winter snowfall for 1981 to 2010 has been 26.7 inches (68 cm), but this usually varies considerably from year to year. Hurricanes and tropical storms are rare in the New York area11Demographics •New York City is the most populous city in the United States, with an estimated record high of 8,336,697 residents as of 2012•The city's population in 2010 was 44% white (33.3% non-Hispanic white), 25.5% black (23% non-Hispanic black), and 12.7% Asian.12•Throughout its history, the city has been a major port of entry for immigrants into the United States•pproximately 36% of the city's population is foreign-born.•It is home to the largest Jewish community outside Israel13•The New York metropolitan area is home to a self-identifying gay and bisexual community estimated at 568,903 individuals, the largest in the United States•New York City has a high degree of income disparity•In early 2011, the average weekly wage in New York County was $2,63414Architecture•937 high-rise buildings, of which 550 completed structures were at least 100 meters high, both second in the world after Hong Kong,•Stone and brick became the city's building materials of choice15Parks •New York State Parks •There are seven state parks within the confines of New York City, including Clay Pit Ponds State Park Preserve, a natural area which includes extensive riding trails, and Riverbank State Park, a 28-acre (110,000 m2) facility that rises 69 feet (21 m) over the Hudson River•Gateway National Recreation Area 16•Central Park an 883-acre (3.57 km2) park in Manhattan, is the most visited city park in the United States, with 25 million visitors each year.•The park contains a myriad of attractions; there are several lakes and ponds, two ice-skating rinks, the Central Park Zoo, the Central Park Conservatory Garden, the 106-acre Jackie Onassis Reservoir. •Indoor attractions include Belvedere Castle with its nature center, the Swedish Cottage Marionette Theater, and the historic Carousel. •On October 23, 2012, hedge fund manager John A. Paulson announced a $100 million gift to the Central Park Conservancy, the largest ever monetary donation to New York City's park system17•Prospect Park in Brooklyn has a 90-acre (360,000 m2) meadow, a lake and extensive woodlands. Located within the park is the historic Battle Pass, which figured prominently in the Battle of Long Isl18•Flushing Meadows–Corona Park in Queens, the city's third largest park, was the setting for the 1939 World's Fair and the 1964 World's Fair.19•In Staten Island, the Conference House Park contains the historic Conference House, site of the only attempt of a peaceful resolution to the American Revolution, attended by Benjamin Franklin representing the Americans and Lord Howe representing the British Crown. Located within the park is the historic Burial Ridge, the largest Native American burial ground within New York City.2021Boroughs•Manhattan (New York County) is the most densely populated borough and is home to Central Park and most of the city's skyscrapers. •Most of the borough is on Manhattan Island, at the mouth of the Hudson River. •Manhattan is the financial center of the city and contains the headquarters of many major corporations, the UN, a number of important universities, and many cultural attractions. •Manhattan is loosely divided into Lower, Midtown, and Uptown regions. Uptown Manhattan is divided by Central Park into the Upper East Side and the Upper West Side, and above the park is Harlem. •New York City's remaining four boroughs are collectively referred to as the "outer boroughs".22•The Bronx (Bronx County) is New York City's northernmost borough, the location of Yankee Stadium, home of the New York Yankees, and home to the largest cooperatively owned housing complex in the United States• Except for a small section of Manhattan known as Marble Hill, the Bronx is the only section of the city that is part of the United States' mainland. •It is home to the Bronx Zoo, the largest metropolitan zoo in the United States, which spans 265 acres (1.07 km2) and is home to over 6,000 animals.• The Bronx is the birthplace of rap and hip hop culture23•Brooklyn (Kings County) on the western tip of Long Island, is the city's most populous borough and was an independent city until 1898. Brooklyn is known for its cultural, social and ethnic diversity, an independent art scene, distinct neighborhoods and a distinctive architectural heritage. •Downtown Brooklyn is the only central core neighborhood in the outer boroughs. •The borough features a long beachfront shoreline including Coney Island, established in the 1870s as one of the earliest amusement grounds in the country24•Queens (Queens County) on Long Island east of Brooklyn, is geographically the largest borough and the most ethnically diverse county in the United States.• Historically a collection of small towns and villages founded by the Dutch, the borough has since developed both commercial and residential prominence. •Queens County is the only large county in the United States where the median income among African Americans, approximately $52,000 a year, is higher than that of White Americans.• Queens is the site of Citi Field and annually hosts the U.S. Open tennis tournament. •Additionally, it is home to two of the three major airports serving the New York metropolitan area, LaGuardia Airport and John F. Kennedy International Airpor25•Staten Island (Richmond County) is the most suburban in character of the five boroughs. •Staten Island is connected to Brooklyn by the Verrazano-Narrows Bridge and to Manhattan by way of the free Staten Island Ferry. •The Staten Island Ferry is one of the most popular tourist attractions in New York City as it provides unsurpassed views of the Statue of Liberty, Ellis Island, and lower Manhattan. •Located in central Staten Island, the 2,500 acres• Staten Island Greenbelt has some 28 miles (45 km) of walking trails and one of the last undisturbed forests in the city.• Designated in 1984 to protect the island's natural lands, the Greenbelt comprises seven city parks26Culture and contemporary life •the cultural capital of the world •In describing New York, author Tom Wolfe said, "Culture just seems to be in the air, like part of the weather."•a center of jazz in the 1940s•abstract expressionism in the 1950s and the birthplace of hip hop in the 1970s. The city's punk and hardcore scenes were influential in the 1970s and 1980s, and the city has long had a flourishing scene for Jewish American literature.27Entertainment and performing arts•the second largest center for the film industry in the United States•the world leader in independent film production•The Association of Independent Commercial producers is also based in New York City. •The city has more than 2,000 arts and cultural organizations and more than 500 art galleries of all sizes28•Carnegie Hall and The Metropolitan Museum of Art•Broadway musical•The city's 39 largest theaters (with more than 500 seats each) are collectively known as "Broadway," after the major thoroughfare that crosses the Times Square Theater District.• This area is sometimes referred to as The Main Stem, The Great White Way or The Rialto.29•Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts is home to 12 influential arts organizations, including Jazz at Lincoln Center, Metropolitan Opera, New York City Opera, New York Philharmonic. New York City Ballet, the Vivian Beaumont Theater, the Juilliard School and Alice Tully Hall.• Central Park SummerStage presents performances of free plays and music in Central Park30Tourism •Major destinations include the Empire State Building; Statue of Liberty; Ellis Island; Broadway theater productions; •museums such as the Metropolitan Museum of Art; •greenspaces such as Central Park and Washington Square Park; Rockefeller Center; Times Square; the Manhattan Chinatown; •luxury shopping along Fifth and Madison Avenues; • events such as the Halloween Parade in Greenwich Village; the Macy's Thanksgiving Day Parade; the St. Patrick's Day parade; •seasonal activities such as ice skating in Central Park in the wintertime; the Tribeca Film Festival; •free performances in Central Park at Summerstage. 31Wall Street •Lower Manhattan is the third largest central business district in the United States and is home to the New York Stock Exchange, located on Wall Street•Financial services account for more than 35% of the city's employment income. Wall Street investment banking fees in 2012 totaled approximately $40 billion.[32education•notable private universities as Barnard College, Columbia University, Cooper Union, Fordham University, New York University, Pace University, and Yeshiva University3334•a colossal neoclassical sculpture on Liberty Island in New York Harbor, designed by Frédéric Bartholdi and dedicated on October 28, 1886. •The statue, a gift to the United States from the people of France, is of a robed female figure representing Libertas, the Roman goddess of freedom, who bears a torch and a tabula ansata (a tablet evoking the law) upon which is inscribed the date of the American Declaration of Independence, July 4, 1776. 35•A broken chain lies at her feet.• The statue is an icon of freedom and of the United States: a welcoming signal to immigrants arriving from abroad.36•人们熟悉的自由女神像(Statueof Liberty)，正式名称是“自由照耀世界之神”，它是美国国家的纪念碑。

也成为全世界民主自由的象征她造型宏伟，令人瞩目塑像拔地而起，她那未露笑容的嘴她的脚下残留着许多打碎的脚镣她的左手持一标有1776年7月4日的铭板，宣布自由的到来由设计埃菲尔铁塔而闻名的法国土木工程师古斯塔夫·艾菲尔设计，法国出资建造，花了十年时间建成，象征两国友谊，建在自由岛(Liberty Island)上1886年10月28日，美国克里夫兰总统主持揭幕从那以后，凡进纽约港的船只都从那儿经过据估计，数百万移民都从神像那42英尺(约12.8米)高的右臂下进入美国自由女神像内部中空，可搭电梯直达神像头部3738broadway•Broadway is a street in the U.S. state of New York. •Perhaps best known for the portion that runs through the borough of Manhattan in New York City, it actually runs 15 mi (24 km) through Manhattan and The Bronx, exiting north from the city to run an additional 18 mi (29 km) through the municipalities of Yonkers, Hastings-On-Hudson, Dobbs Ferry, Irvington, Tarrytown and terminating north of Sleepy Hollow in Westchester County39•百老汇大道（Broadway）为纽约市重要的南北向道路，南起巴特里公园，由南向北纵贯曼哈顿岛。

纽约地铁百老汇线及纽约地铁第七大道线均通过此路底下由于此路两旁分布著为数众多的剧院，是美国戏剧和音乐剧的重要发扬地，因此成为了及音乐剧的代名词•百老汇（Broadway），原意为“宽阔的街”，指纽约市中以巴特里公园为起点，由南向北纵贯曼哈顿岛，全长25公里的一条长街百老汇大街两旁分布着几十家剧院，在百老汇大街44街至53街的剧院称为内百老汇，而百老汇大街41街和56街上的剧院则称为外百老汇内百老汇上演的是经典的、热门的、商业化的剧目，外百老汇演出的是一些实验性的、还没有名气的、低成本的剧目，但这种区分在近年来越来越淡化，于是又出现了“外外百老汇”，其观点当然也就更新颖更先锋了4041wall street•Wall Street is the financial district of New York City, named after and centered on the eight-block-long, 0.7 miles (1.1 km) long street running from Broadway to South Street on the East River in Lower Manhattan.•It is the home of the New York Stock Exchange, the world's largest stock exchange by market capitalization of its listed companies42华尔街•纽约市曼哈顿区南部从百老汇路延伸到东河的一条大街道的名字，全长不过三分之一英里，宽仅１１米,是英文“墙街”的音译。

•街道狭窄而短，从百老汇到东河仅有7个街段1792年荷兰殖民者为抵御英军侵犯而建筑一堵土墙，从东河一直筑到哈德逊河，后沿墙形成了一条街，因而得名Wall Street后拆除了围墙，但“华尔街”的名字却保留了下来美国摩根财阀、洛克菲勒石油大王和杜邦财团等开设的银行、保险、航运、铁路等公司的经理处集中在这里著名的纽约证券交易所也在这里•华尔街的铜牛雕像一直是美国资本主义最为重要的象征之一，也是外来游客必到的景点之一与铜牛合影留念，并以抚摸铜牛的牛角来祈求好运4344•Central Park is one of the most famous sightseeing spots in New York. It is bordered on the north by Central Park North, on the south by Central Park South, on the west by Central Park West, and on the right by Fifth Avenue. 45central park•中央公园(Central Park)就像在杂乱纷呈的房间里摆的一张台球桌，它是一个宁静长方形绿荫，安置在城市纵横交错的衢道网络的怀抱中。

•公园的面积大得惊人——有843英亩的土地本来是一片近乎荒野的地方，现是一大片田园式的禁猎区，有茂密的树林，湖泊和草坪，甚至还有农场和牧场，里面还有羊儿在吃草在这样一个喧嚣繁荣的大都市开辟出这样一个公园，这一创举得到了举世称赞而且，在这个人迹纷繁的地带，公园的地下还建造了公路，这样过境的车辆既穿过了公园，又不打乱参观者的宁静•无论是冬天还是夏天，公园的南部都是适合家人欢乐的地方在这儿，花几分钟时间穿过哥伦比亚圆形广场或大军广场，你就可以放风筝或掷飞碟、溜冰、晒太阳或者观看动物园的动物还可以在大草坪野餐，这儿和大都市美术博物馆平行；在往前是水库，那儿常常有人在健身慢跑北部则比较冷清，那儿有范德比特家族捐赠的三个正规花园，还有一些池塘4647The Metropolitan Museum of Art•The Metropolitan Museum of Art, located in New York City, is the largest art museum in the United States, and one of the three largest in the world, with the most significant art collections. Its permanent collection contains more than two million works, divided among seventeen curatorial departments.[6] The main building, located on the eastern edge of Central Park along Manhattan's Museum Mile, is by area one of the world's largest art galleries48Metropolitan Museum of Art•博物馆展出自古代文明至当代的艺术作品，其中有成千上百件世界文明的杰作。

博物馆不仅展出绘画和雕刻，还展出花毯、乐器、服装以及装饰品五大展厅分别是：欧洲绘画、美国绘画、原始艺术、中世纪绘画和埃及古董在四个新造的侧厅之中，有一侧厅用于原始艺术展览，称作迈克尔·C·洛克菲勒厅新式武器与军事展览厅也已于1991年底重新开放•博物馆里还有很多花园庭院，有玻璃院顶从中高高耸起，在里面休息片刻会令人很惬意当然，还可以在博物馆商店里买一些有意义的纪念品4950•Grand Central Terminal (GCT) — mistakenly called Grand Central Station, is a commuter rail terminal station at 42nd Street and Park Avenue in Midtown Manhattan in New York City, United States. Built by and named for the New York Central Railroad in the heyday of American long-distance passenger rail travel, it is the largest train station in the world by number of platforms51Grand Central Terminal •纽约中央火车站（Grand Central Terminal），位于美国曼哈顿中心，始建于1903年，1913年2月2日正式启用。

纽约中央火车站是由美国铁路之王范德比尔特家族建造，是纽约著名的地标性建筑，也是一座公共艺术馆它是世界上最大，美国最繁忙的火车站，同时它还是纽约铁路与地铁的交通中枢5253•Trinity Church at 79 Broadway, Lower Manhattan, is a historic, active, well-endowed[3] parish church in the Episcopal Diocese of New York. Trinity Church is at the intersection of Wall Street and Broadway, in New York.54•纽约三一教堂（Trinity Church）位于纽约市曼哈顿下城的百老汇大道79号（百老汇大道与华尔街的交汇处），是圣公会纽约教区的一座古老的堂区教堂55Long Island56尼亚加拉瀑布尼亚加拉瀑布(Niagara Falls)57•Niagara Falls National Heritage Area is a federally designated National Heritage Area encompassing the Niagara Falls region of the U.S. State of New York. The heritage area includes the communities of Niagara Falls, Youngstown and Lewiston.58Greenwich Village Greenwich Village •For over 100 years, this small area below 14th Street and west of Broadway has been a Mecca to the creative, rebellious and Bohemian. Although today no starving artists could afford to live here, the vibe still lingers and the beat goes on...5960•the Arch in Washington Square Park. 61vThe park, surrounded by New York University, maintains a carnival atmosphere year-round. Street entertainers take over the center fountain to amuse the dog walkers, skateboarders, musicians and chess players who make full use of the park. 62vAs we cross to the park's southwest corner, we find ourselves on MacDougal Street.v Although much of the fabled Beatnik-era ambiance is gone, you'll find coffeehouses like Caffe Reggio and Cafe Figaro which inspired writers such as Jack Kerouac and William. 63vBeautiful townhouses, secondhand stores and multitudes of cafés and restaurants dominate the scene here. vMany homes have historical significance, especially in the literary field. You might want to pick up a guidebook to give you the most information. 64World Trade towers tributes The fence by the site of the WTC complex is covered in heart-wrenching personal messages to deceased loved ones, notes of support and flags from different countries.It's a desperately sad place to visit. 65Hot dogs and memorials In true NYC style: a hot dog vendor plys his trade by the World Trade Tower memorials. 66Graffiti-covered building This building on the corner of Mercer St and Howard St in SoHo looks a little worse for wear. 6768Structure•Para 1-Para 5: New York’s place in today’s world•Para 6-para 18: Exposition of the central idea•Para 19-para 22: New York’s cultural pluralism69part 1 Para1-5•New York’s place today70para 1•s1: many advertising campaigns publicly praise New York and many New Yorkers wear T-shirts with a heart desige and the words "I love New York" printed on it.•It is sad to see how desperately New York is trying to regain its status71•s2: in the past New Yorkers would never boast or advertise for the city's greatness, because bragging is sth. done by small and not famous cities or towns•S3: since New York is unique, the biggest and the best, there is no need for it to show its specialities72para 2•s1: New York is not the leading city any more, if the leading city means a city that sets the fashion or current73•s2: nowadays New York cannot follow the taste of the United States and often have disagreement with American politics74•s3: once it is the fashion capital of the world, but since it resists the casual fashion for clothes, and more and more young people are wearing casual clothes, it is not the leading city for fashion any more75•s4: now it boasts that it is a city that resists the prevailing fashion style in America, and a place where you can avoid from commoness76para 3•s1: the things that New York lacks to make the leading city in fashion is more and more aparent77•s3:the Manhattan tv studios which was once so crowded is now almost empty•situation comedies made in Hollywood and the live show by Johnny Carson are the most frequent programs.78Hollywood•Hollywood is a district situated in Los Angeles, California, United States situated west-northwest of downtown Los Angeles. Due to its fame and cultural identity as the historical center of movie studios and celebrities, the word Hollywood is often used as a metonym of American cinema.79Johnny Carson show80•s5: the center of pop music has moved from Tin Pan Alley in New York to Nashville in Tennessee and Hollywood81•s6: no nightclubs can compete with casinos in Las Vegas since they can pay large sums of money to famous singers or entertainers82•s7: in sports, New York is also leading its leading place, since bigger studios, more exciting basketball or football teams and more enthusiastic fans could be found in other cities not in New York83para 4•s1: New york is gaining its importance again by attracting more and more tourists•s2: most Americans would rather go to.....instead of New York84para 5•s1: why then New York city is still so favorable for many Europeans?85•s2: New york city is more attractive for Europeans than for Americans only because they like the comlex situation in New York for so many different peoples living there, its different standards from the whole America and the mixture of so many foreigners86•s3: most probably Europeans favor New York because when they see those familiar international brands for jewels, shoes and designs on Madison and Fifth street, they feel asured. these famous shops are built there to flatter and cheat the stupid rich people87•s4: what make europeans excited is the intense, restless atmosphere and its crude vigor and energy88part 2•Para 6-para 18: Exposition of the central idea----what makes us loving New York89para 6•s1: New York is energetic, conventional and working hard to develop.•s2: there are losers who show their failure very clearly and loudly, but also losers who espress their failure by self-mocking, minor remarks and their shrug (which means they donnot care)90•s3: in New York, people always try their best to get a seat on the subway, and they would try hard to attract a taxidriver, clerk or waiter's attention, or they work hard to get a secured position in the society, a better title or a larger poster where people can notice them.91•S4: a successful man in New York would have to live with fear since they are afraid others would take their place, while a loser in New York would have to live the the majority of losers.92para 7•s1: I never thought that New York was my favorite or a place I desired to live in•Mecca: As the birthplace of Muhammad and a site of the Muhammad's first revelation of the Quran (the site in specificity being a cave 3.2 km from Mecca), Mecca is regarded as the holiest city in the religion of Islam and a pilgrimage to it known as the Hajj is obligatory for all able Muslims. Mecca is home to the Kaaba, by majority description Islam's holiest site, as well as being the center of the Islamic universe.93•s2: I have been living in New York for a long time, but I never expressed my love for the city by wearing T-shirt with "I love you, New york"94•s3: Compared with other cities all over the world, I would rather live in New York, even though I do not know why.95para 8•s1:Since New york is a big city with many tall buildings, it is not easy to enjoy the leasures of nature here.96•s2: you can never watch the sky with a lot of shiny stars, because the lights always seem to make the stars not so bright.97•Sunsets in New York could be very beautiful, because different colors like oranges and red would fill in the sky and the beautiful, showy scene would be reflected in thousands of windows on the Manhattan's jaggy skyline98•through watching the fragile delicate sidewalk trees struggling to survive from the cement and petrol fumes, we can see how nature aurrenders to human being's activities.99•the central park, designed by Frederick for the poor and the homeless to get fresh air and enjoy themselves, but there is almost no grass any more and filled with rubbish, very dirty. It is filled with a lot of noise and people's activities.100•most of the people sitting on the park benches are old white men, compared with the energetic youth, it seemed that they should not be there.101•this place has become a dirty, noisy public entertainment place rather than a quiet park102para 9•I came to New york not because of its aluring charming, but because I can get an opportunity to practice journalism here.103•I'm not sure how could I be compared with those who are well-educated in Harvard, Yale, etc.104•I'm also not sure how coul I compete with those local people who are the descendents of immigrants and are very intelligent, tough and resolved. For example, Alfred Kazin plays Bach's Unaccompanied Partinas on the violin just to kill time.105para 10•many young people are drawn to New York because they feel the fierce competition and the high standards of excellence demanded there could easily train them into people with high skills106•together with the limitations and constrictions, this makes them escaping from thie local towns and coming to New York107•those young people can enjoy their freedom and have fun inexpensively, live a casual life in new york, even though sometimes they would meet some difficulties there.108•the young people came to New York not for its conditions which are inconvenient, risky, dirty and unpleasant, it should be something else, like freedom and opportunities109•there are many opportunities in New York, even though they cannot find jobs in downtown in Broadway, maybe they can find opportunities to become successful in suburbs110•if painters do not want to exhibite their works in the luxurious galleries on Madison Avenue, they can find places for their painting in the mean, dirty neighborhood of SoHo.111soho •Soho is an area of the City of Westminster and part of the West End of London. Long established as an entertainment district, for much of the 20th century Soho had a reputation for sex shops as well as night life and film industry. •Since the early 1980s, the area has undergone considerable transformation. It now is predominantly a fashionable district of upmarket restaurants and media offices, with only a small remnant of sex industry venues112•but a pure and wholehearted devotion to the Bohemian lifestyle can be exaggerated113•just like in the 1930s, the experimentalists in the arts lived around the Greenwich Village, who built up a special organization from the common people, so do the artistic young who just came to New York114the Depression•The Great Depression was a severe worldwide economic depression in the decade preceding World War II. The timing of the Great Depression varied across nations, but in most countries it started in 1930 and lasted until the late 1930s or middle 1940s. It was the longest, most widespread, and deepest depression of the 20th century.115•in the same area, the businessman set up profitable coffehouses and fashion shops to meet the special tastesand interests of the young artists and writers116•their aubculture is not very different from the culture of the ordinary people, nnlike the artists in the Great Depression.117para 11•manhattan is very different from the mainland of America, but it is still the leeding place in two fields118•in banking and communications headquarters, Manhattan does not create, but approves amny things which are created in America.119•only when wall street is convinced that the movie would be a bestseller or ther is a superstar in it to ensure its success, does the bankers invest a large sum of money to a Hollywood movie.120•New York always judges or appraise a book, film, music or a peice of news, but the rest of America most of the time would never pay attention to.121•In New York, it is the ability to appraise not real learning that is really important.122para 12•the big ad agencies are also in New York. thwy try to find what the market really want and are able to create advertisement which is easy to remember. these ads would draw a lot of people to dine in Burger King rather than McDonald's. Because of his great success, the ad agencies would be rewarded to have the chance enjoying his luxurious lunch in the expensive French restaurants in Manhattan.123•they really give New York its sharp feature. they work hard to meet the needs and desire of the public American, showing their respects, but they do not have to share their tastes, since the ordinary peole eat in Burger King while they can enjoy their meal in the French restaurants.124•those ad agencies who look down patronizingly form so high a position can not feel they have anything in common with the ordinary people walking in the streets below.125•their attitude to a large number of ordinary people is just like their attitute to the clattering subway turnstile beneath the office buildings, which they can easily manage and control. the attitude also makes them become more inhuman.126para 13•the youngsters are not as cynical as I expected, who work in such fields of advertising, publishing and communication127•the genration who get used to watching TV demanding advertisement during their growing up enjoy the ads rather than worry about putting them into practice128•just like the pilots who bombed Hanoi in the Vietnam war which had no influence on their mands and lives because they live far away from the victims, New Yorkers do their work professionally, and their work would never have any influence upon their lives and minds, since after all it is only their prefession129•they live their real life in another place, not in New York130•they would go to village bars as well as the would-be artists, writers and painters, and mix up with them, you can not tell they are artists, writers and painters from their dress or behavior131•the distinction between pure art works and commercial pictures or advertisements is not so clear anymore and art is not defined so sharply as before132art for art's sake•"Art for art's sake" is the usual English rendering of a French slogan from the early 19th century, ''l'art pour l'art'', and expresses a philosophy that the intrinsic value of art, and the only "true" art, is divorced from any didactic, moral or utilitarian function.133•in order to make a living, artists who cannot sell their paintings do not mind illustrating books, advertisements, etc.134•actors who cannot get a role in a play or movie make a living by acting in radio or TV advertisements135•the serious writers who write serious novels do not care writing articles for popular magazines in order to earn money136•nowadays serious art often take their writing material from popular art, in return it would fondly changes popupar art into sth. more serious137para 14•in Manhattan, different new comers form different groups, they are close to each other, but would never contact with each other138•there are so many people who are similiar to you, no matter what profession you take139•in the countryside you need to know your neighborhood, since they are the only connection you can contact with the society, but here in New York you do not have to, since you have your own group of people to communicate140•In New York, people with teh same profession, social status would form their own seperate groups, excluding anyone else as strangers141•this deliberately distancing others from a certain group and indifference to others make New Yorkers the most lonely142para 15•new york is a wounded city, since it is a place where it is not easy to enjoy yourself and you have to pay heavy tax143•New york is not declining, since it is safer here and even though Broadway seemed to get used to the cheap fashion shows now become spirited and active again144para 16•the non new yorkers say they would never choose to love here even though they are given the chance, since the streets are filled with rubbish, the schools are disorderly, people feel uneasy, it is noisy and the New Yorkers are rude-mannered145•maybe New yorkers would admire people who live in luxurious houses in Dakkas, or houses with a big swmming pool and a apartment in Beverly Hills, but they still choose to live in New York146•many rich Americans live in clean, quiet and luxurious residents unbothered by the outside life, problems and worries.147•they would say such kind of life is too stable, unchanging, unenjoyable148•if you tell him how enjoyable the outdoor life is, he would say he preferliving an unhealthy life in the urban with much trouble and energy149•he would choose to be a New Yorker anyway150•even though there are many shortcomings in new york, compared with other cities, he still holds that new york is so good that it is difficult for him to enjoy life in other cities151pra 17•even though in twenty other American cities, you can also enjoy...... the New Yorkers would rather live in New York anyway152para 18•the qualities they apprecite most about new york are just what outsiders find appressive and distasteful, its inexperiencing, hurry-up, exciting competation, serious judgement and over-crowdness. They can enjoy all these in their own groups153•Those people who failed would never hide away in somewhere else. They are sitill living in New York city.154•you can meet people who are much more miserable than you anywhere in New York. You do not have to feel ashamed because of your failure155•one learns not to show their sympathy for those poor, weak, loser or beaten-downs but just to have some eye contact showing their notice of them as fellow human beings156•this brief sympathetic eye contact is not great but very usual, but it is a passing and friendly gesture of a New Yorker, everyone tries to protect his privacy very carefully157•even though if someone rushes to cross the road uncaring the traffic lights or runs quickly in front of an oncoming car, New Yorkers would show their dislike and scorn helplessly.158•If it is a car from New Jersey, the scorn is much harder, since they do not like people in New Jersey, not even to be hit by a Buick from there159Para 19-para 22•New York’s cultural pluralism: 160•New York is a city with different races of people, maybe Hitler would call New York a mangrel city disdainfully161•New York is the first international big city which can hold so many nationalities.162•in New York, there is a much wider mixture of nationalities than when the niosy and wild European immigrants landed at Ellis Island, since now the mixture also include Asians, Africans and Latin American163•Ellis Island, in Upper New York Bay, was the gateway for millions of immigrants to the United States as the nation's busiest immigrant inspection station from 1892 until 1954•The island was made part of the Statue of Liberty National Monument in 1965, and has hosted a museum of immigration since 1990. •A 1998 United States Supreme Court decision found most of the island to be part of New Jersey164•the new comers have not completely become New Yorkers, but they mix up with other group of people who are also not fully absorbed unstably165para 20•Wasps: WhiteAnglo-SaxonProtestant •泛指信奉新教的欧裔美国人166•Hispanics: an ethnonym that denotes a relationship to Spain or to ancient Hispania, which comprised the Iberian Peninsula including the modern states of Andorra安道尔, Portugal, and Spain and the British Crown Dependency of Gibraltar直布罗陀, and Morocco摩洛哥 .• Today, organizations in the United States use the term as a broad catch all to refer to persons with a historical and cultural relationship either with Spain and Portugal or only with Spain, regardless of race.167all ethnic groups have their own dominating areas and should be taken into consideration and tough in asserting their claims, but none is powerful enough to bring others into subjection168•New Yorkers do not take United Unions so seriously, because it is a mixture of things that are idealistic, impractical and hypocritical169•New Yorkers are learning how to live together among a variety of races, which is a necessary preliminary experience since people of all races and colors will live harmoniously together in the future170para 21•the diversity of races provide New York with endless striking and vivid features. People's knowledge would be increased by meeting different sights and smells while walking in the city171•even though most dining and shopping places become tourist attraction center, anyway they have their own racial root172•even though there are such ethnic districts in other cities who protect their root carelly, but I do not think such groups are put side by side in sharp clashes like in New York173•the luxurious center and the poverty center and dirty crowded streets are close to each other, there is no clear distinction between them174•the combination of the defeated who suffer but struggle courageously and the rich cultural life in New York is unstable, which produces fritriction that sometimes becomes a real toleration to each other175para 22•New York constantly irritates and annoys very much but sometimes it also invigorates and stimulates176•living in New York, one has constantly to face life's challenges177paraphrase•nowadays New York cannot understand nor follow the taste of the American people and is often in disagreemnet with American politics178•New York now boasts that it is a city that resists the prevailing trends of America and that it is a place where people can escape from uniformity and commoness179•situation comedies made in Hollywood and the live talk show by Johnny Carson are on all channels, filling the airways180•new york is regaining somewhat its status as a city that attracts tourists181•a person who wins in New York is constantly disturbed by fear and anxiety because he is afraid of losing what he has won in the fierce competition182•being a large and crowded city with many tall buildings, etc., the chance to enjoy the pleasures of nature is very limited in New York183•at night the city is aglow with lights and seems haughtily to dim the light of the stars184•but a pure and wholehearted devotion to a Bohermian lifestyle can be exaggerated185•in both these roles of banking and communications headquarters, New York starts or originates very few things but gives its stamp of approval to many things created by people elsewhere186•the TV generation was constantly and strongly influenced by extravagant promotional advertising187•authors writing long serious novels make a living in the meantime by writing articles for popular magazines188•Broadway, which seemed unable to resist the cheap, fashion shows put on in the surrounding areas, is once again busy and active189•those who failed in the struggle of life, the down and outs, are not hideen away in slums where other people cannot see them190•New York constantly irriates and annoys very much bt sometimes it also invigorates and stimulates191翻译•那些赞美“大苹果”的广告宣传，还有那些印有“我爱纽约”字样的心形图案的T恤衫，是纽约衰落的信号，人们绝望之下采取的行动令人同情192•今日的纽约非但常常跟不上美国政治的步伐，而且与美国人的生活情趣也不合拍193•其他十几座城市都拥有一些极富创意的建筑，而纽约近20年建造的建筑无一能与之匹敌194•纽约从来都不适合召开会议，因为不够友好，不安全，人口拥挤，消费高，但现在它好像又逐渐成为旅游胜地了195•与美国人不同，他们更喜欢大都市的纷繁吵杂，喜欢这里残存的灵丹疏离的欧洲处事标准，以及众多外来风格的混乱杂陈196•但总的来说，我倒还想不出这世界上还有其他地方我更愿意居住的197•这里已经不再是宁静的公园，更像是个乱哄哄的游乐场198•许多年轻人原来来纽约，因为他们想证实自己的价值，担心自己的才能浪费在平庸易于出卖的事情上199•初来纽约的人迟早会找到或形成他们自己的小圈子，而曼哈顿有很多这样的小圈子，各自抱团，互不来往200•新来者永远不会被完全同化，只是跟众多未被同化的人组成不牢靠的圈子201第20段•纽约太大了，无法为任何一个团体所控制，无论是祖先是英国新教徒的白人，还是犹太人、黑人或各路天主教徒-----爱尔兰的、意大利的、西班牙的。

所有这些群体都有各自的地盘，人数众多，不容忽视在维护各自利益方面都态度强硬，但没有哪一派强大到足以制服其他派别纽约的与众不同在于它吞没了联合国，根本不把它当一回事，把它看作一个汇集了空想，不切实际和虚伪的混合物，毫无用处但是纽约人却在训练自己如何在一个多种族的社会里共同生活---这是迈向未来必要的开端202第21段•多元化使这个城市多姿多彩漫步纽约可以体验不同的风景和味道，可以去众多各有特色的地方就餐或购物其中最成功的是为了招引游客而把不同民族特色混在一起的地方，而且他们也都有其真正的根源在其他的美国城市，不同种族各有自己的地盘，并小心翼翼地加以保护，但是那里没有这种不同的群体错杂共生的大杂烩同样地，在纽约，高楼林立的繁杂大街与穷街陋巷从来相隔不远纽约的忧伤和刚毅与其艺术和音乐一样值得肯定与赞美这种结合是不稳定的，时有摩擦或是一种不稳定的克制，这种克制有时会变成一种真正的容忍203第22段•对纽约的爱与恨成了一个不断变化着的情绪问题，而这种情绪的变化常常发生在同一天这个地方经常使人恼怒，有时也让人振奋对我来说，这是一个生命中不能回避的城市住在这儿，人们肯定能坚定地直面生活204。