名词性从句基础及考点复习.doc

2014高三英语语法复习：名词性从句 名词性从句相当于名词，可分别作主句的主语、表语、宾语和同位语因此，名词性从句厅分为主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位从句一）引导名词性从句的连接词1、连接代词：who, whoever ,whose, whom, whomever, what, whatever, which, whichever有词义，在从句中担任成分，如主语、表语、宾语、或定语等2、连接副词：when, where, why, how有词义，在从句中担任成分，作状语 3、连接词：that, whether, if, as if that 无词义，在从句中不担任成分，有时可省略；if (whether), as if虽有词义，但在从句中不担任成分 注意：连接代词与连接副词在句中不再是疑问句，因而从句中谓语不用疑问式连接代词与连接副词在从句充当句子成分，连接词whether 和if（是否），as if（好象）在从句中不充当句子成分，只起连接作用根据句义，如果连接代词与连接副词，whether、if 和as if都用不上时，才用that作连接词（that本身无任何含义）二）主语从句 1、主语从句在复合句作主语。

e.g. Who will go is not important. 2、用it作形式主语，主语从句放在句末 e.g. It doesn’t matter so much whether you will come or not. 附：用形式主语 it 的主语从句常见结构：It is clear (necessary, important, possible, emarkable that… 很清楚（必要, 重要,可能, 值得注意)…It is a fact (a good thing, good news…) that … 事实是 ( 好事是,好消息是…)…It is well-known ( reported, recorded, estimated, aid, believed) that…众所周知( 据报道,,据记载,据说,据估计)…It turns out ( seems, happens, appears…) that… 结果是 ( 似乎是, 碰巧是, 好象是…)… It has been found (has been proved,can be seen,must be pointed out) that …已发现( 已证明,可以看出,需指出)…3、that引导主语从句时，不能省略。

e.g. That he suddenly fell ill last week made us surprised.（三）宾语从句 1、宾语从句在复合句中作宾语引导宾语从句的连词that一般可省略 e.g. I hope (that) everything is all right. 2、whether与if都可以引导宾语从句，常可互换但下面情况不能互换①宾语从句中的whether 与or not直接连用，就不能换成if；不直接连用，可换e.g. I don’t know whether or not the report is true.I don’t know whether/ if the report is true or not.②介词后的宾语从句要用whether引导, whether 可与不定式to do连用, 而if不可以 但引导条件从句时，只能用if，而不能用whethere.g. It depends on whether we have enough time. They don’t know whether to go there. Please come to see me if you have time.(条件句)③用if 会引起误解，就要用whether。

e.g. Please let me know whether you want to go.（此句如果把whether改成if，容易当成条件句理解）3.表示爱憎情感的动词，如：enjoy, hate, love, like, dislike, don’t mind, resent, appreciate（感激）等以及某些介词结尾的短语动词如：count on, depend on, rely on, see to, look forward to, be fond of, feel like, see to, 等后，即使没有宾补也要先接形式宾语it，再接宾语从句 I like it when she smiles at me. I love it when you sing. I hate it if I am spoken to loudly in public.（四）表语从句1、表语从句在复合句中作表语，位于系动词之后e.g. The question was who could go there.2. that在引导表语从句时无含义，不作成分，通常不省1)表示事实、真理等的实际内容。

The fact is that he is lying. The odds are that he will not do it.2）表示某人的意见、信念等的实际内容Our belief is that things will improve. The trouble is that we are short of money.3. whether引导表语从句（不可用if)His first question was whether Holmes had arrived yet. The question is whether people will buy it.4. 注意下列表语从句中where, how, why 的译法：This is where Lu Xun once lived.这就是鲁迅曾经住过的地方. That was how they won the match.他们就是这样赢得这场比赛的.This is why she got up so early this morning.这就是她为什么今天早上起得这么早的原因.固定句型: This is where… 这就是…的地方 This is why …这就是…的原因 This is how….这就是…的方法1) The reason __________ we didn't trust him is ____________ he has often lied．2) 2. The reason is ___ he is unable to operate the machine. A. because B. why C. that D. Whether3) Go and get your coat. It's ________ you left it. A. there B. where C. there where D. where there（五）同位语从句同位语从句在句中作某一名词的同位语，一般位于该名词（如：news, fact, idea, suggestion, promise等）之后，说明该名词的具体内容。

e.g. I have no idea when he will be back.The fact that he had not said anything surprised everybody.名词性从句考点归纳：一、 名词性从句的语序判断下列句子是否正确，（T or F）1.他是怎么成功的仍然是个谜How was he successful is still a puzzle. ( ) How he was successful is still a puzzle. ( )2.你能告诉我他住在什么地方吗？Could you tell me where he lives? ( ) Could you tell me where does he live? ( )3.Can you tell me _______ the railway station? A. how I can get to B. what can I get to C. where I can got to D. where can I get to 规律一：名词性从句在句中要用________________、 二、 名词性从句连接词的选用1.that 和what 的选用1._____ he wants is a book. 2._____ he wants to go there is obvious3.The result is ______ we won the game. 4.This is _____ we want to know.5.Is _____ he told us true ? 6.We should pay attention to ______ the teacher is saying.7. I have no doubt _____ he will come. 8. I have no idea ____he did that afternoon.9.One reason for her preference for city life is_________ she can have easy access to places like shops and restaurants.A. that B. how C. what D. why10. As a new graduate, he doesn’t know ____ it takes to start a business here. A. how B. what C. When D. which规律二:______ 在名词性从句中不充当任何成分， 而_____可充当名词性的成分。

2.whether和if的选用1. I asked her __________ she had a bike.2. ________ we will hold a party in the open air tomorrow depends on the weather.3. We’re worried about ________ he is safe.4. I don’t know ___________ he is well or not.5. I don’t know ________ or not he is well. 6. The question is ________ he should do it.7. The doctor can hardly answer the question________ the old man will recover soon.8. I haven’t decided _______ to go there.9. I don’t care ______he doesn’t co。