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英语七年级上(13-15).doc

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    • 课前回顾】 单词短语1. what time 几点 2. get up 起床 4. take a shower 洗淋浴 5. brush teeth 刷牙 7. do homework 做家庭作业 8. go to work 去上班 10. eat breakfast 吃早饭 11. get dressed 穿上衣服 12. either...or... 要么...要么... 13. radio station 广播电台 14. in the morning/ afternoon/ evening 在上午/下午/晚上15. take a walk 散步 16. lots of=a lot of 许多,大量 17. at night 在晚上 18. be late for=arrive late for 迟到19. get to school 到达学校 20. take the subway 乘地铁 21. how far 多远 22. from home to school 从家到学校 23. bus stop 公共汽车站 24. think of 认为 25. between ...and ...在...和...之间 26. one 11-year-old boy 一个11岁的男孩 28. play with … 和…玩 29. come true 实现 30. have to 不得不31. on time 准时,按时 32. listen to 听...33. in class 在课上 34. be late for 做...迟到35. be quiet 安静 36. do the dishes 清洗餐具37. make (one’s) bed 铺床 38. be noisy 吵闹 39. keep one’s hair short 留短发 40. play the piano 弹钢琴41. have fun 玩得高兴 42. make rules 制订规则 二、单项选择 1.- ________ dose it take to get to school? - Twenty minutes.A.How B.How far C.How long D.How many 2. ___________ it is today! A. How cold B. What cold C. How a cold D. What a cold3. ___________bad the weather is! A. How B. What C. What a D. How a4. They spend too much time ________ the report A. writing B. to write C. on writing D. write5.It will _________ me too much time to read this book. A. take B. cost C. spend D.pay【知识清单】 ★ 祈使句的用法 (1)祈使句的定义及句式特征: 定义:祈使句是用来表示请求、命令、叮嘱、邀请、劝告或祝愿等的句子。

      它的特点是通常省略主语you,以动词原形开头,末尾可用句号或感叹号祈使句没有疑问句的形式,一般只有肯定和否定两种形式 Go and wash your hands. (表命令) Be quite, please. (Please be quiet.)(表请求) Be kind to your sister.(表劝告) Watch your steps.(表警告) No parking. (表禁止) (2)肯定形式(动词原形开头) ① 以系动词be开头的祈使句,这种祈使句的常用结构:be + 形容词/名词 Be quiet / quick! Be careful when crossing the street. ② 以实义动词开头的祈使句,这种祈使句的常用结构为:动词原形+宾语(+其他) Come in, please! Put them away! ③ let型(Let+宾语+动词原形+其他) Let him do it by himself. Let me help you. Let’s go to the park. (3)否定形式(一般在动词上否定,也可以用否定副词(never)来表示) ① be型(Don’t be +其他成分(形容词、名词或介词短语)) Don’t be careless! Never be late again next time! 【注意】1)在这种句型中,be不能省略 2)否定副词not不可置于be之后 ② do型(Don’t +动词原形+其他) Don’t believe him! Don’t worry! Never do it again! ③ Let引起的祈使句有两种否定形式 a. Let+宾语+not+动词原形+其他 Let her not do that. Let’s not think about it. b. Don’t+ let+宾语+动词原形+其他 Don’t let Jim do that. Don’t let us go, please. ④ 在公共场合的提示语中,否定祈使句常用“No+名词 / V-ing形式”结构,表示“禁止做某事”。

      NO PHOTOS! 禁止拍照! No parking! 禁止停车! 【注意】 1) 在表达请求或劝告时,有时为了表示委婉的语气,可以在句首或句末please,但是如果please加在句末,应用逗号将其与前面的部分隔开 Sit down, please. Please look after the twins. 2) 在意思比较明显的情况下,可以把谓语动词省略 This way, please. 3) 有时为了加强语气,可以在动词前使用do. Do be careful! 4) 有时为了强调对方,也可加上主语you,人名或everybody, anybody等不定代词 You sweep the floor and I clean the window. Stand up, everybody. 5) 有时为了明确向谁提出请求或发出命令,可加称呼语,但称呼语要与句子用逗号隔开。

      Put the shirt on the bed, Jim. 将以下祈使句改为否定式: 1. Come here early. ________________________ 2. Ask him. ____________________________ 3. Please wait for her. ________________________ 4. Read the book carefully. ____________________ 5. Sit under the tree, please. ____________________ 6. Let’s go there together. _____________________ ★ 特殊疑问句 以疑问词开头,对句中某一成分提问的句子叫特殊疑问句。

      常用的疑问词有:what who whose which when where how why等特殊疑问句有两种语序: ① 如疑问词作主语或主语的定语,即对主语或主语的定语提问,其语序是陈述句的语序:疑问词(+主语)+谓语动词+其他成分?如: who is singing in the room﹖ whose bike is broken﹖ ② 如疑问词作其他成分,即对其他成分提问,其语序是:疑问词+一般疑问句语序? 如: what class are you in﹖ What does she look like﹖ Where are you from﹖ What time does he get up every morning﹖ 【注意】回答特殊疑问句时,不能用yes/no,即问什么答什么,尤其是简略回答如: - Who is from Canada﹖ - Helen (is). - Where's the restaurant﹖ - Near the station. ★ why引导的特殊疑问句 (1)Why意为“为什么”,询问原因,其答语常用because引导。

      如: - Why are you so happy?。

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