新视角研究生英语读说写2一单元课后练习答案PPT课件.ppt

• ExercisesØØ Reading Comprehension Reading ComprehensionØØ Structure of the Text Structure of the TextUnit 1: ExercisesExercisesØØ Vocabulary VocabularyØØ Cloze ClozeØØ Translation Translation2021/7/221Unit 1: Reading comprehensionReading comprehension1.1.In In paragraphs paragraphs 1 1 and and 2, 2, the the author author tells tells a a story story about about a a professor professor in in Robert Robert A. A. Fowkes’s Fowkes’s class. class. What was strange about the professor?What was strange about the professor? First, First, the the professor professor said said “ladies “ladies and and gentlemen,” gentlemen,” while while there there was was only only one one student. student. Second, Second, Robert Robert A. A. Fowkes, Fowkes, the the only only student student in in class, class, missed missed one one class, class, but but the the professor professor didn’t didn’t give give the the lecture lecture Fowkes Fowkes had had missed, missed, but but gave the next one in the sequence. gave the next one in the sequence. ReferencReference eEx. I, p.82021/7/222Unit 1: Reading comprehensionReading comprehension2.2.Why Why was was the the lecture lecture system system popular popular in in the the thirteenth century?thirteenth century? In In the the 13th 13th Century Century books books were were so so rare rare and and expensive that few students could afford them.expensive that few students could afford them. ReferencReference e2021/7/223Unit 1: Reading comprehensionReading comprehension3.3.In In paragraphs paragraphs 5–7, 5–7, what what does does the the author author use use an an imaginary class to show us? imaginary class to show us? The The author author uses uses an an imaginary imaginary class class to to show show us us the inadequacy of the lecture system.the inadequacy of the lecture system. ReferencReference e2021/7/224Unit 1: Reading comprehensionReading comprehension4.4.In In the the imaginary imaginary class, class, what what makes makes Mary Mary and and other students bored?other students bored? The The way way the the professor professor lectures: lectures: He He is is just just reading from a stack of his very old notes.reading from a stack of his very old notes. ReferencReference e2021/7/225Unit 1: Reading comprehensionReading comprehension5.5.Why Why do do Mary Mary and and her her fellow fellow students students stick stick it it out out while some drop out of college?while some drop out of college? Mary Mary and and some some other other students students become become resigned resigned to to the the lecture lecture system system and and wait wait to to become become juniors juniors and and seniors. seniors. Then, Then, they they will will attend attend smaller smaller classes classes and and at at last last get get the the kind kind of personal attention that real learning requires.of personal attention that real learning requires. ReferencReference e2021/7/226Unit 1: Reading comprehensionReading comprehension6.6.In In paragraph paragraph 10, 10, the the author author discusses discusses active active learning learning and and passive passive learning. learning. Give Give some some examples of both.examples of both. Active Active learning: learning: Students Students write write essays, essays, do do experiments experiments and and then then have have their their work work evaluated evaluated by by their their instructors. instructors. Passive Passive learning: learning: Attending Attending lectures. lectures. ReferencReference e2021/7/227Unit 1: Reading comprehensionReading comprehension7.7. In what way do most students learn best?In what way do most students learn best? Most Most students students learn learn best best by by engaging engaging in in frequent frequent and even heated debate.and even heated debate. ReferencReference e2021/7/228Unit 1: Reading comprehensionReading comprehension8.8.According According to to paragraph paragraph 13, 13, why why do do administrators love lectures?administrators love lectures? They They can can cram cram a a lot lot more more students students into into a a lecture lecture hall than into a discussion class. hall than into a discussion class. ReferencReference e2021/7/229Unit 1: Reading comprehensionReading comprehension9.9.Why Why may may smaller smaller classes classes be be exhausting exhausting to to the the teacher?teacher? Smaller Smaller classes classes may may require require energy, energy, imagination, imagination, and and commitment commitment from from the the teacher, teacher, which which can can be be very exhausting.very exhausting. ReferencReference e2021/7/2210Unit 1: Reading comprehensionReading comprehension10.10. According According to to the the author, author, who who should should receive receive more lectures?more lectures? Juniors and seniors. Juniors and seniors. ReferencReference e2021/7/22111.1.Introduction (Paras. 1–2)Introduction (Paras. 1–2)2.2.Body (Paras. 3–14)Body (Paras. 3–14)3.3.Conclusion (Para. 15)Conclusion (Para. 15)Text OutlineText OutlineUnit 1: Structure of the textStructure of the textEx. II, pp.8-92021/7/22121.1. Introduction (Paras. 1–2) Introduction (Paras. 1–2)A A true true story story told told by by Robert Robert A. A. Fowkes Fowkes about about how how a professor taught a class.a professor taught a class. Text OutlineText OutlineUnit 1: Structure of the textStructure of the text2021/7/22132.2.Body (Paras. 3–14) Body (Paras. 3–14) Disadvantages Disadvantages of of lectures lectures and and _____________._____________.1)1) American American colleges colleges and and universities universities are are criticized from many sides. (Para. 3)criticized from many sides. (Para. 3) For For example: example: College College graduates graduates _____________________________________.Text OutlineText OutlineUnit 1: Structure of the textStructure of the text2) 2) The The root root of of the the problem: problem: ________________. ________________. (Para. 4)(Para. 4)why they why they existexist the lecture the lecture systemsystem lack lack both both basic basic skillsskillsand and general general cultureculture 2021/7/22142.2.Body (Paras. 3–14)Body (Paras. 3–14)Text OutlineText OutlineUnit 1: Structure of the textStructure of the text3)3) Mary’s example to showMary’s example to show ___________________________ ________. (Paras.5-7)(Paras.5-7)The size of the class : The size of the class : __________________________________________________________________________________. __________________. The professor: The professor: _____________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________. _____________________________________. Students: Students: ________________________________________________________________________________.____.Mary: Mary: ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________.___________.never takes attendance; reads from his oldnever takes attendance; reads from his oldnotes;notes; gives no quizzes; asks no questionsgives no quizzes; asks no questionsthe inadequacy of the lecturethe inadequacy of the lectureget bored; ask no questions; drop out of collegeget bored; ask no questions; drop out of college at at first first 100 100 oror more more students; thenstudents; thenbecomesbecomes very smallvery smallreads no assignment; memorizes facts and datesreads no assignment; memorizes facts and datesbeforebefore the the final final exam exam and and forgets forgets them them immediately; immediately; sticks it outsticks it outsystemsystem 2021/7/22152.2.Body (Paras. 3–14)Body (Paras. 3–14)4) 4) ____________________________________________________________________________________. ______. (Paras. 8–12)(Paras. 8–12) Text OutlineText OutlineUnit 1: Structure of the textStructure of the textA.A. ______________________________. ______________________________. B. B. _________________________________. _________________________________. C. C. Eventually, the lecture system harmsEventually, the lecture system harms ____________________________________________________________________________.________. Listening intelligently is hard workListening intelligently is hard work Attending lectures is passive learningAttending lectures is passive learning Problems that the lecture system has brought aboutProblems that the lecture system has brought about Eventually, the lecture system harms professors as wellEventually, the lecture system harms professors as well 2021/7/22162.2.Body (Paras. 3–14)Body (Paras. 3–14)5)5)_______________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________. . (Para. 13)(Para. 13) For example: to faculty membersFor example: to faculty members Text OutlineText OutlineUnit 1: Structure of the textStructure of the textA.A. ____________________________. ____________________________. B. B. pretend to teach by lecturing pretend to teach by lecturing C. C. ___________________________________________________________________________________________._________. easier on everyone than debateseasier on everyone than debates offer some professors an irresistible forum for showing offoffer some professors an irresistible forum for showing off Reasons Reasons why why lectures lectures are are still still existing existing / / People like People like lectures lectures for different reasonsfor different reasons2021/7/22172.2.Body (Paras. 3–14)Body (Paras. 3–14)6)6)______________________________________________________________________________.______. (Para. 14)(Para. 14) Text OutlineText OutlineUnit 1: Structure of the textStructure of the text Advantages of small classes and discussion in class Advantages of small classes and discussion in class 2021/7/2218Text OutlineText OutlineUnit 1: Structure of the textStructure of the text3.3. Conclusion (Para. 15) Conclusion (Para. 15)_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________._________________________________________.Lectures Lectures will will never never entirely entirely disappear disappear from from the the university university scene scene both both because because they they seem seem to to be be economically economically necessary necessary and and because because they they spring spring from from a a long long tradition tradition in in a a setting setting that that values tradition for its own sakevalues tradition for its own sake2021/7/22191.1. His His heart heart attack attack was was ________ ________ by by the the physical physical and and emotional emotional pressures pressures suffered suffered under under interrogation.interrogation. triggered triggered Unit 1: VocabularyVocabularycommit commit stridestrideimpersonalityimpersonalityminimumminimumeconomicaleconomicaltriggertriggerenrollmentenrollmentoriginaloriginalscarcescarceshrinkshrinkrelieverelievesequencesequence2021/7/22202.2. We We are are all all under under the the illusion illusion that that the the country country is is doing doing well well ____________, ____________, but but in in fact fact it it is is in in serious difficulty. serious difficulty. economically economically Unit 1: VocabularyVocabulary commit commit stridestrideimpersonalityimpersonalityminimumminimumeconomicaleconomicaltriggertriggerenrollmentenrollmentoriginaloriginalscarcescarceshrinkshrinkrelieverelievesequencesequence2021/7/22213.3. He He couldn’t couldn’t join join the the police police because because he he was was below the ________ height allowed by the rule.below the ________ height allowed by the rule. minimumminimum Unit 1: VocabularyVocabulary commit commit stridestrideimpersonalityimpersonalityminimumminimumeconomicaleconomicaltriggertriggerenrollmentenrollmentoriginaloriginalscarcescarceshrinkshrinkrelieverelievesequencesequence2021/7/22224.4. We We hope hope to to see see stronger stronger ___________ ___________ from from the the world world community community for for international international working working together together in in the the fight fight to to protect protect our our common common natural surroundings.natural surroundings. commitmentcommitment Unit 1: VocabularyVocabulary commit commit stridestrideimpersonalityimpersonalityminimumminimumeconomicaleconomicaltriggertriggerenrollmentenrollmentoriginaloriginalscarcescarceshrinkshrinkrelieverelievesequencesequence2021/7/22235.5. The The professor professor felt felt grateful grateful and and _______ _______ that that the the debate debate hadn’t hadn’t degenerated degenerated into into something something absurd and degrading. absurd and degrading. relievedrelievedUnit 1: VocabularyVocabulary commit commit stridestrideimpersonalityimpersonalityminimumminimumeconomicaleconomicaltriggertriggerenrollmentenrollmentoriginaloriginalscarcescarceshrinkshrinkrelieverelievesequencesequence2021/7/22246.6. Tiger Tiger populations populations have have stopped stopped ________, ________, and and working working to to protect protect them them is is now now a a way way of of life life in in nations where they roam.nations where they roam. shrinkingshrinking Unit 1: VocabularyVocabulary commit commit stridestrideimpersonalityimpersonalityminimumminimumeconomicaleconomicaltriggertriggerenrollmentenrollmentoriginaloriginalscarcescarceshrinkshrinkrelieverelievesequencesequence2021/7/22257.7. Our Our efforts efforts result result in in a a great great rise rise in in ___________ ___________ in in our our universities, universities, coupled coupled with with a a radical radical shift shift in in higher higher education education from from the the private private to to the the public public sector.sector. enrollmentsenrollments Unit 1: VocabularyVocabulary commit commit stridestrideimpersonalityimpersonalityminimumminimumeconomicaleconomicaltriggertriggerenrollmentenrollmentoriginaloriginalscarcescarceshrinkshrinkrelieverelievesequencesequence2021/7/22268.8. It It was was such such a a funny funny and and wonderful wonderful show; show; I I could could _______ keep from laughing with delight._______ keep from laughing with delight. scarcelyscarcely Unit 1: VocabularyVocabulary commit commit stridestrideimpersonalityimpersonalityminimumminimumeconomicaleconomicaltriggertriggerenrollmentenrollmentoriginaloriginalscarcescarceshrinkshrinkrelieverelievesequencesequence2021/7/22279.9. Details Details are are often often organized organized according according to to time time _________ _________ or or from from one one place place to to another. another. These These are are two two very very important important means means of of descriptive descriptive writing.writing. sequencesequence Unit 1: VocabularyVocabulary commit commit stridestrideimpersonalityimpersonalityminimumminimumeconomicaleconomicaltriggertriggerenrollmentenrollmentoriginaloriginalscarcescarceshrinkshrinkrelieverelievesequencesequence2021/7/222810.10.Many Many how-to how-to books books advise advise you you to to _____ _____ into into a a room and impress others with your qualities.room and impress others with your qualities. stridestrideUnit 1: VocabularyVocabulary Part B commit commit stridestrideimpersonalityimpersonalityminimumminimumeconomicaleconomicaltriggertriggerenrollmentenrollmentoriginaloriginalscarcescarceshrinkshrinkrelieverelievesequencesequence2021/7/2229Unit 1: VocabularyVocabulary1.1. Even Even without without nowing nowing all all the the details, details, the the reader reader can can often often be be abe abe to to predictpredict the the general general direction direction the the author is going to.author is going to. A. anticipateA. anticipate B. B. expect expect C. C. capture capture D. D. nurture nurture 2021/7/22302.2. In In the the Chinese Chinese household, household, grandparents grandparents and and other other relatives play relatives play vitalvital roles in raising children. roles in raising children. A. intolerable A. intolerable B. impassioned B. impassioned C. intellectual C. intellectual D. indispensableD. indispensableUnit 1: VocabularyVocabulary2.2. In In the the Chinese Chinese household, household, grandparents grandparents and and other other relatives play relatives play vitalvital roles in raising children. roles in raising children. A. intolerable A. intolerable B. impassioned B. impassioned C. intellectual C. intellectual D. indispensableD. indispensable2021/7/2231Unit 1: VocabularyVocabulary3.3. Eat Eat these these foods foods with with plentiful plentiful Vitamin Vitamin C, C, for for example, example, drink drink orange orange juice juice with with cereal cereal ( ( ( (谷谷谷谷类类类类食食食食品品品品) ) ) ) or or put put a a tomato tomato on on a a sandwich, sandwich, to to increaseincrease the the amount amount of of iron iron absorbed. absorbed. A. intensifyA. intensifyB. enhanceB. enhanceC. strengthenC. strengthenD. reinforceD. reinforce3.3. Eat Eat these these foods foods with with plentiful plentiful Vitamin Vitamin C, C, for for example, example, drink drink orange orange juice juice with with cereal cereal ( ( ( (谷谷谷谷类类类类食食食食品品品品) ) ) ) or or put put a a tomato tomato on on a a sandwich, sandwich, to to increaseincrease the the amount amount of of iron iron absorbed. absorbed. A. intensifyA. intensifyB.B. enhanceenhanceC. strengthenC. strengthenD. reinforceD. reinforce2021/7/2232Unit 1: VocabularyVocabulary4.4. Believing Believing that that he he was was fully fully qualified, qualified, he he submitted submitted his his application application instantlyinstantly, , but but a a week week later later he he was was crushed crushed to learn that it had been turned down. to learn that it had been turned down. A. ultimatelyA. ultimatelyB. hesitantlyB. hesitantlyC. promptlyC. promptlyD. attentivelyD. attentively4.4. Believing Believing that that he he was was fully fully qualified, qualified, he he submitted submitted his his application application instantlyinstantly, , but but a a week week later later he he was was crushed crushed to learn that it had been turned down. to learn that it had been turned down. A. ultimatelyA. ultimatelyB. hesitantlyB. hesitantlyC. promptlyC. promptlyD. attentivelyD. attentively2021/7/2233Unit 1: VocabularyVocabulary5.5.The The rule rule for for the the competition competition is is somewhat somewhat vaguevague. . I I can’t get it and I require an explanation.can’t get it and I require an explanation. A. distinct A. distinct B. obscureB. obscureC. clumsyC. clumsyD. imaginaryD. imaginary5.5.The The rule rule for for the the competition competition is is somewhat somewhat vaguevague. . I I can’t get it and I require an explanation.can’t get it and I require an explanation. A. distinct A. distinct B. obscureB. obscureC. clumsyC. clumsyD. imaginaryD. imaginary2021/7/22346.6. The The diseases diseases thrive thrive in in conditions conditions where where freshwater freshwater is is insufficientinsufficient and sanitation is poor. and sanitation is poor. A. scarceA. scarceB. plentifulB. plentifulC. fruitful C. fruitful D. inexhaustibleD. inexhaustibleUnit 1: VocabularyVocabulary6.6. The The diseases diseases thrive thrive in in conditions conditions where where freshwater freshwater is is insufficientinsufficient and sanitation is poor. and sanitation is poor. A. scarceA. scarceB. plentifulB. plentifulC. fruitful C. fruitful D. inexhaustibleD. inexhaustible2021/7/2235Unit 1: VocabularyVocabulary7.7. After After the the scandal, scandal, public public confidence confidence in in the the economic economic recovery recovery has has fallen fallen dramaticallydramatically, , according according to to a a post-post-election survey. election survey. A. gradually A. gradually B. frequently B. frequently C. surprisinglyC. surprisinglyD. analyticallyD. analytically7.7. After After the the scandal, scandal, public public confidence confidence in in the the economic economic recovery recovery has has fallen fallen dramaticallydramatically, , according according to to a a post-post-election survey. election survey. A. gradually A. gradually B. frequently B. frequently C. surprisinglyC. surprisinglyD. analyticallyD. analytically2021/7/2236Unit 1: VocabularyVocabulary8.8.The The tutorial tutorial system system is is considered considered so so important important at at Oxford Oxford and and Cambridge Cambridge that that students students are are not not even even forcedforced to attend general lectures to attend general lectures. . A. compelled A. compelled B. insulated B. insulated C. memorizedC. memorized D. challenged D. challenged 8.8.The The tutorial tutorial system system is is considered considered so so important important at at Oxford Oxford and and Cambridge Cambridge that that students students are are not not even even forcedforced to attend general lectures to attend general lectures. . A. compelled A. compelled B. insulated B. insulated C. memorizedC. memorized D. challenged D. challenged 2021/7/22379.9. They They must must know know how how to to keep keep and and make make use use of of and and when when necessary necessary abandonabandon the the old old and and outdated outdated conventional rules. conventional rules. A. skim A. skim B. clarify B. clarify C. discard C. discard D. insulate D. insulate Unit 1: VocabularyVocabulary9.9. They They must must know know how how to to keep keep and and make make use use of of and and when when necessary necessary abandonabandon the the old old and and outdated outdated conventional rules. conventional rules. A. skim A. skim B. clarify B. clarify C. discard C. discard D. insulate D. insulate 2021/7/223810.10.They They believe believe that that identity identity theft theft is is caused caused by by issuing issuing too too many many instant instant credit credit cards, cards, deficientdeficient checking checking of of identity, identity, and and too too few few legal legal protections protections for for consumers’ consumers’ personal information. personal information. A. sufficient A. sufficient B. overdue B. overdue C. naive C. naive D. inadequate D. inadequate Unit 1: VocabularyVocabulary10.10.They They believe believe that that identity identity theft theft is is caused caused by by issuing issuing too too many many instant instant credit credit cards, cards, deficientdeficient checking checking of of identity, identity, and and too too few few legal legal protections protections for for consumers’ consumers’ personal information. personal information. A. sufficient A. sufficient B. overdue B. overdue C. naive C. naive D. inadequate D. inadequate 2021/7/2239How to Be an Effective ListenerHow to Be an Effective Listener Author Author G. G. K. K. Chesterton Chesterton once once said, said, “There “There is is no no such such thing thing as as an an uninteresting uninteresting subject; subject; there there are are only only uninterested uninterested people.” people.” Listening Listening is is a a skill skill that that 1)________1)________ coordination coordination of of the the listener’s listener’s mental mental powers powers with with an an outside outside force force (the (the person person or or thing thing which which is is being being listened listened to). to). In In addition, addition, listening listening is is three-three-2)___________;2)___________; listen listen critically critically with with the the ears, ears, 3)___________3)___________ with with the the mind, mind, and and understandingly understandingly with the eyes. with the eyes. requiresrequires Unit 1: ClozeClozedimensionaldimensional thoughtfullthoughtfully y To be continued ...actactlinelineefforteffortcontentcontentsummarizesummarizeownownfrontfrontaccentaccentrequirerequireconclusionconclusionnextnextforthforthrefuserefusethoughtfulthoughtfuldistractingdistractingoutoutnotenotevaluevaluedimensiondimensionadvantageadvantage2021/7/22401) 1) Good Good listeners listeners need need to to think think around around the the topic topic by by listening listening between between the the 4)_____,4)_____, and and anticipate anticipate the the instructor’s instructor’s 5)_____5)_____ point. point. 2) 2) Good Good listeners listeners 6)__________6)__________ what what has has been been said said and put instructor’s thoughts into their and put instructor’s thoughts into their 7)____7)____ words. words. 3) 3) Good Good listeners listeners listen listen with with a a pencil pencil in in their their hands hands and take good and take good 8)_____8)_____ . . lineslinesUnit 1: ClozeClozenextnext summarizesummarize ownown notesnotes actactlinelineefforteffortcontentcontentsummarizesummarizeownownfrontfrontaccentaccentrequirerequireconclusionconclusionnextnextforthforthrefuserefusethoughtfulthoughtfuldistractingdistractingoutoutnotenotevaluevaluedimensiondimensionadvantageadvantageTo be continued ...2021/7/22414) 4) Good Good listeners listeners try try to to get get as as much much 9)___9)___ of of a a lecture as from a chapter in a book.lecture as from a chapter in a book.5) 5) Good Good listeners listeners avoid avoid supersensitive supersensitive listening, listening, i.e. i.e. not not 10)______10)______ to to listen listen to to anything anything they they don’t don’t agree agree with. with. 6) 6) Good Good listeners listeners sit sit near near the the 11)____11)____ so so as as not not to to miss anything. miss anything. ouout tUnit 1: ClozeClozerefuserefuse frontfront actactlinelineefforteffortcontentcontentsummarizesummarizeownownfrontfrontaccentaccentrequirerequireconclusionconclusionnextnextforthforthrefuserefusethoughtfulthoughtfuldistractingdistractingoutoutnotenotevaluevaluedimensiondimensionadvantageadvantageTo be continued ...2021/7/2242People People who who are are good good listeners listeners manage manage to to judge judge the the 12)_______,12)_______, and and not not the the delivery. delivery. They They realize realize that that not not all all instructors instructors are are good good lecturers. lecturers. Some Some instructors instructors have have a a very very nervous nervous demeanor demeanor ( ( ( ( 行行行行为为为为；；；；举举举举止止止止) ) ) ) and and may may not not 13)____13)____ as as though though they they are are comfortable comfortable lecturing; lecturing; it it doesn’t doesn’t mean mean that that they they have have nothing nothing of of 14)_____14)_____ to to say. say. And And some some instructors instructors may may have have a(n) a(n) 15)______ 15)______ , , or or may may speak speak softly. softly. Again, Again, while while these these things things may may be be 16)__________16)__________ to to the the listener, listener, every every 17)_____17)_____ should should be be made made to to ignore ignore these these physical physical problems problems and and pay pay attention to the message.attention to the message. contentcontentUnit 1: ClozeClozeactact valuevalue accentaccent distractingdistractingeffoeffort rt actactlinelineefforteffortcontentcontentsummarizesummarizeownownfrontfrontaccentaccentrequirerequireconclusionconclusionnextnextforthforthrefuserefusethoughtfulthoughtfuldistractingdistractingoutoutnotenotevaluevaluedimensiondimensionadvantageadvantageTo be continued ...2021/7/2243Another Another area area that that good good listeners listeners can can take take 18)_________18)_________ of of is is non-verbal non-verbal communication. communication. Facial Facial expressions, expressions, gestures, gestures, body body posture: posture: all all of of these these add add to to a a lecture. lecture. Even Even something something so so minor minor as as the the instructor instructor pacing pacing back back and and 19)_____, 19)_____, stopping stopping only only to to emphasize emphasize a a point, point, is is important. important. A A good good listener listener will will couple couple what what is is being being said said with with what what isn’t isn’t being being said said (non-verbals) (non-verbals) and and draw draw 20)___________20)___________ . . advantageadvantageUnit 1: ClozeClozeforthforthconclusionsconclusions actactlinelineefforteffortcontentcontentsummarizesummarizeownownfrontfrontaccentaccentrequirerequireconclusionconclusionnextnextforthforthrefuserefusethoughtfulthoughtfuldistractingdistractingoutoutnotenotevaluevaluedimensiondimensionadvantageadvantage2021/7/22441.1.1.1. 那那那那位位位位教教教教授授授授很很很很可可可可能能能能在在在在他他他他唯唯唯唯一一一一的的的的学学学学生生生生缺缺缺缺席席席席的的的的情情情情况况况况下下下下对对对对着着着着空空空空空的教室讲了一课。

空的教室讲了一课空的教室讲了一课空的教室讲了一课 The The professor professor might might probably probably have have delivered delivered his his lecture lecture to to the the empty empty classroom classroom in in the the absence absence of of his his solitary solitary student.student. Unit 1: TranslationTranslationin the absence ofin the absence of2021/7/22452. 2. 2. 2. 现现现现行行行行的的的的教教教教育育育育体体体体制制制制遭遭遭遭到到到到了了了了公公公公众众众众的的的的批批批批评评评评，，，，公公公公众众众众已已已已经经经经开开开开始意识到这种体制给学生带来的危害始意识到这种体制给学生带来的危害始意识到这种体制给学生带来的危害始意识到这种体制给学生带来的危害The The present present educational educational system system has has been been under under attack attack from from the the public, public, who who have have begun begun to to realize realize the the harm harm the system has done to students. the system has done to students. Unit 1: TranslationTranslationunder attack fromunder attack from2021/7/22463.3.3.3. 老老老老师师师师告告告告诉诉诉诉这这这这些些些些大大大大四四四四学学学学生生生生他他他他每每每每次次次次都都都都会会会会点点点点名名名名，，，，因因因因为为为为这这这这门门门门课课课课是必须要听的。

是必须要听的是必须要听的是必须要听的The The professor professor told told those those seniors seniors that that he he would would take take attendance attendance every every time time because because attendance attendance at at this this course course was compulsory. was compulsory. Unit 1: TranslationTranslationtake attendancetake attendance2021/7/22474. 4. 4. 4. 我我我我真真真真想想想想参参参参加加加加你你你你的的的的乔乔乔乔迁迁迁迁聚聚聚聚会会会会但但但但是是是是很很很很抱抱抱抱歉歉歉歉我我我我无无无无法法法法去去去去, , , , 因为我有一大堆事情要做因为我有一大堆事情要做因为我有一大堆事情要做因为我有一大堆事情要做I’d I’d love love to to go go to to your your housewarming housewarming party, party, but but I’m I’m sorry sorry I I can’t can’t make make it it because because I’ve I’ve got got a a stack stack of of things things to do.to do. Unit 1: TranslationTranslationa stack ofa stack of2021/7/22485. 5. 5. 5. 中中中中学学学学辍辍辍辍学学学学的的的的年年年年青青青青人人人人可可可可以以以以上上上上夜夜夜夜校校校校或或或或通通通通过过过过电电电电大大大大和和和和函函函函授授授授课程恢复他们的学业。

课程恢复他们的学业课程恢复他们的学业课程恢复他们的学业Youths Youths who who dropped dropped out out of of middle middle school school can can resume resume their their studies studies at at night night school school or or through through television television and and correspondence courses. correspondence courses. Unit 1: TranslationTranslationdrop out of drop out of 2021/7/22496. 6. 6. 6. 她她她她不不不不喜喜喜喜欢欢欢欢那那那那位位位位著著著著名名名名作作作作家家家家的的的的讲讲讲讲座座座座，，，，但但但但她她她她为为为为了了了了在在在在讲讲讲讲座座座座后得到他的签名还是耐着性子听完了后得到他的签名还是耐着性子听完了后得到他的签名还是耐着性子听完了后得到他的签名还是耐着性子听完了。

She She didn’t didn’t like like the the famous famous writer’s writer’s lecture, lecture, but but she she stuck stuck it it out out to to get get the the writer’s writer’s autograph autograph after after the the lecture.lecture. Unit 1: TranslationTranslationautographautograph2021/7/22507. 7. 7. 7. 我我我我对对对对讲讲讲讲座座座座制制制制所所所所体体体体现现现现的的的的冷冷冷冷漠漠漠漠无无无无情情情情非非非非常常常常失失失失望望望望，，，，但但但但是是是是最最最最终我还是无奈接受了它，并耐心等待成为大三的学生终我还是无奈接受了它，并耐心等待成为大三的学生终我还是无奈接受了它，并耐心等待成为大三的学生终我还是无奈接受了它，并耐心等待成为大三的学生I I was was disappointed disappointed at at the the impersonality impersonality of of the the lecture lecture system, system, but but eventually eventually I I grew grew resigned resigned to to the the system system and and waited patiently to become a junior. waited patiently to become a junior. Unit 1: TranslationTranslationgrow resigned togrow resigned to2021/7/22518. 8. 8. 8. 我我我我们们们们不不不不得得得得不不不不承承承承认认认认讲讲讲讲座座座座体体体体制制制制会会会会把把把把教教教教师师师师和和和和学学学学生生生生天天天天真真真真的的的的问问问问题题题题隔隔隔隔绝绝绝绝开开开开来来来来，，，，而而而而这这这这些些些些问问问问题题题题很很很很可可可可能能能能会会会会引引引引起起起起学学学学生生生生很很很很多多多多有有有有用的想法。

用的想法用的想法用的想法We We have have to to admit admit that that the the lecture lecture system system insulates insulates a a teacher teacher from from students’ students’ naive naive questions, questions, which which could could have triggered a line of useful thought. have triggered a line of useful thought. Unit 1: TranslationTranslationinsulate sb from sthinsulate sb from sth2021/7/22529. 9. 9. 9. 我我我我不不不不同同同同意意意意那那那那些些些些评评评评论论论论家家家家的的的的意意意意见见见见你你你你得得得得出出出出的的的的结结结结论论论论绝绝绝绝不不不不是没有价值的对我而言，这些结论很有道理是没有价值的。

对我而言，这些结论很有道理是没有价值的对我而言，这些结论很有道理是没有价值的对我而言，这些结论很有道理I I don’t don’t agree agree with with those those critics’ critics’ opinions. opinions. Your Your conclusions conclusions are are far far from from worthless; worthless; they they make make a a good good deal of sense to me.deal of sense to me. Unit 1: TranslationTranslationmake sensemake sense2021/7/225310.10.10.10. 为为为为了了了了学学学学生生生生本本本本身身身身的的的的缘缘缘缘故故故故，，，，应应应应该该该该在在在在第第第第一一一一节节节节课课课课就就就就告告告告诉诉诉诉他他他他们们们们这门课的目的，内容以及要通过这门课的要求这门课的目的，内容以及要通过这门课的要求这门课的目的，内容以及要通过这门课的要求。

这门课的目的，内容以及要通过这门课的要求For For the the sake sake of of the the students, students, they they should should be be told told on on the the first first class class about about the the objective objective and and content content of of the the course course and the requirements to pass the course.and the requirements to pass the course. Unit 1: TranslationTranslation for the sake offor the sake ofPart B2021/7/2254听听听听讲讲讲讲课课课课存存存存在在在在的的的的一一一一个个个个问问问问题题题题是是是是：：：：会会会会听听听听是是是是很很很很难难难难的的的的事事事事阅阅阅阅读读读读课课课课本本本本中中中中的的的的相相相相同同同同内内内内容容容容是是是是更更更更有有有有效效效效的的的的学学学学习习习习方方方方法法法法，，，，因因因因为为为为学学学学生生生生可可可可以以以以根根根根据据据据其其其其需需需需要要要要慢慢慢慢慢阅读直到他们理解这些内容。

慢阅读直到他们理解这些内容慢阅读直到他们理解这些内容慢阅读直到他们理解这些内容 Unit 1: TranslationTranslationOne One problem problem with with lectures lectures is is that that listening listening intelligently intelligently is is hard hard work. work. Reading Reading the the same same material material in in a a textbook textbook is is a a more more efficient efficient way way to to learn learn because because students students can can proceed proceed as as slowly slowly as as they they need need to to until until the the subject subject matter matter becomes becomes clear clear to them.to them.2021/7/2255Even Even simply simply paying paying attention attention is is very very difficult; difficult; people people can can listen listen at at a a rate rate of of four four hundred hundred to to six six hundred hundred words words a a minute, minute, while while the the most most impassioned impassioned professor professor talks talks at at scarcely scarcely a a third third of of that that speed. speed. This This time time lag lag between between speech speech and and comprehension leads to prehension leads to daydreaming. 有有有有时时时时甚甚甚甚至至至至仅仅仅仅仅仅仅仅做做做做到到到到专专专专心心心心听听听听讲讲讲讲都都都都很很很很难难难难。

人人人人们们们们可可可可以以以以以以以以每每每每分分分分钟钟钟钟400-400-400-400-600600600600个个个个字字字字的的的的速速速速度度度度听听听听，，，，而而而而最最最最富富富富有有有有激激激激情情情情的的的的教教教教授授授授说说说说话话话话的的的的速速速速度度度度也也也也很很很很难难难难达达达达到这个速度的到这个速度的到这个速度的到这个速度的1/31/31/31/3讲话和理解之间的时间差导致开小差讲话和理解之间的时间差导致开小差讲话和理解之间的时间差导致开小差讲话和理解之间的时间差导致开小差 Unit 1: TranslationTranslation2021/7/2256Many Many students students believe believe years years of of watching watching television television have have sabotaged sabotaged their their attention attention span, span, but but their their real real problem problem is is that that listening listening attentively attentively is is much much harder harder than they think. than they think. 很很很很多多多多学学学学生生生生认认认认为为为为多多多多年年年年来来来来看看看看电电电电视视视视已已已已经经经经削削削削弱弱弱弱了了了了他他他他们们们们保保保保持持持持注注注注意意意意力力力力的的的的能能能能力。

但是他们真正的问题是专心听课比他们认为的要难得多但是他们真正的问题是专心听课比他们认为的要难得多但是他们真正的问题是专心听课比他们认为的要难得多但是他们真正的问题是专心听课比他们认为的要难得多 Unit 1: TranslationTranslation2021/7/2257Lectures Lectures will will never never entirely entirely disappear disappear from from the the university university scene scene both both because because they they seem seem to to be be economically economically necessary necessary and and because because they they spring spring from from a a long long tradition tradition in in a a setting setting that that values values tradition tradition for for its its own own sake. sake. But But the the lectures lectures too too frequently frequently come come at at the the wrong wrong end end of of the the students’ students’ educational educational careers careers — — during during the the first first two two years, years, when when they they most most need need close, even individual, instruction.close, even individual, instruction. 讲讲讲讲课课课课这这这这一一一一方方方方式式式式不不不不会会会会完完完完全全全全从从从从大大大大学学学学消消消消失失失失。

一一一一是是是是因因因因为为为为讲讲讲讲课课课课似似似似乎乎乎乎从从从从经经经经济济济济上上上上是是是是必必必必需需需需的的的的，，，，二二二二是是是是讲讲讲讲课课课课起起起起源源源源于于于于悠悠悠悠久久久久的的的的传传传传统统统统，，，，而而而而且且且且人人人人们们们们又又又又把把把把传传传传统统统统本本本本身身身身看看看看得得得得很很很很重重重重但但但但是是是是，，，，讲讲讲讲课课课课通通通通常常常常出出出出现现现现在在在在学学学学生生生生接接接接受受受受教教教教育育育育生生生生涯涯涯涯的的的的错错错错误误误误的的的的那那那那一一一一端端端端————————在在在在大大大大学学学学的的的的第第第第一一一一和和和和第第第第二二二二年年年年，，，，那那那那时时时时他他他他们们们们最最最最需要密切的、甚至是针对个体需要的指导需要密切的、甚至是针对个体需要的指导需要密切的、甚至是针对个体需要的指导需要密切的、甚至是针对个体需要的指导 Unit 1: TranslationTranslation2021/7/2258If If lecture lecture classes classes were were restricted restricted to to juniors juniors and and seniors, seniors, who who are are less less in in need need of of scholarly scholarly nurturing nurturing and and more more able able to to prepare prepare work work on on their their own, own, they they would would be be far far less less destructive destructive of of students’ students’ interests interests and and enthusiasms enthusiasms than than the the present present system. system. After After all, all, students students must must learn learn to to listen listen before before they they can can listen listen to to learn. learn. 如如如如果果果果讲讲讲讲课课课课这这这这一一一一形形形形式式式式局局局局限限限限于于于于三三三三、、、、四四四四年年年年级级级级的的的的学学学学生生生生，，，，则则则则对对对对学学学学生生生生的的的的兴兴兴兴趣趣趣趣和和和和热热热热情情情情的的的的破破破破坏坏坏坏力力力力会会会会比比比比目目目目前前前前的的的的制制制制度度度度小小小小得得得得多多多多，，，，因因因因为为为为三三三三、、、、四四四四年年年年级级级级的的的的学学学学生生生生不不不不太太太太需需需需要要要要学学学学科科科科上上上上的的的的指指指指导导导导与与与与帮帮帮帮助助助助，，，，而而而而且且且且更更更更有有有有能能能能力力力力自自自自己己己己制制制制定定定定学学学学习习习习计计计计划划划划。

毕毕毕毕竟竟竟竟，，，，学学学学生生生生在在在在能能能能够够够够从从从从听听听听讲讲讲讲课课课课中中中中学学学学到到到到知知知知识识识识之之之之前前前前必必必必须先要学会去听须先要学会去听须先要学会去听须先要学会去听 Unit 1: TranslationTranslation2021/7/2259。