40GE和100GE 在OTN上如何传送.ppt

40GE and 100GE 在OTN上如何传送？Feng HUANG，Alcatel Lucent Shanghai BellSeptember, 2009提纲1. 40/100GE接口和应用2. 40/100GE over OTN3. 40/100G传送4. 小结 All Rights Reserved © Alcatel-Lucent 200940/100GE接口和应用 All Rights Reserved © Alcatel-Lucent 200940/100GE要求要求Support full-duplex operation onlyPreserve the 802.3 / Ethernet frame format utilizing the 802.3 MACPreserve minimum and maximum FrameSize of current 802.3 standardSupport a BER better than or equal to 10-12 at the MAC/PLS service interfaceProvide appropriate support for OTNSupport a MAC data rate of 40 Gb/sProvide Physical Layer specifications which support 40 Gb/s operation over:at least 10km on SMFat least 100m on OM3 MMFat least 7m over a copper cable assemblyat least 1m over a backplaneSupport a MAC data rate of 100 Gb/sNote: Reduced from 10m to 7mto allocate additional budget toPCB tracesProvide Physical Layer specifications which support 100 Gb/s operation over:at least 40km on SMFat least 10km on SMFat least 100m on OM3 MMFat least 7m over a copper cable assembly All Rights Reserved © Alcatel-Lucent 200940/100GE Standard Adopted project timelineS = Study GroupT = Task Force15 = SG15 PlenaryO = OIFB = BaselineDx.y = Draft x.yHSSGformedPAR submitPARapprove1st TFmeetingLast newproposalLastfeatureLasttechnicalchangeApprovedStandardBD1.0D2.0D3.015151515 OO15OSSSS S SSSSTTTTTTTT O TTT O TTT O TOJ A S O N D J F M A M J J A S O N D J F M A M J J A S O N D J F M A M J J A S O N D J F M A M J J A S20062007200820092010 All Rights Reserved © Alcatel-Lucent 2009Interface ArchitecturesAll major architectural aspects decidedAspect40 GbE – Aggregate rate1m backplane7m copper100m MMF (OM3)10km SMF100 GbE – Aggregate rate7m copper100m MMF (OM3)10km SMF40km SMFLeading proposal41.25 Gbit/s assuming 64B/66B4x10G based on 10G Base-KR4x10G based on 10G Base-KR4x10G, 4 fibers per direction4x10G, 1.3μ CWDM103.125 Gbit/s assuming 64B/66B10x10G based on 10G Base-KR10x10G, 10 fibers per direction4x25G, 1.3μ LAN WDM (800 GHz)4x25G, 1.3μ LAN WDM (800 GHz) All Rights Reserved © Alcatel-Lucent 2009Other key topicsExtended Reach over MMF (>100m)A note has been added that the 100m specification for OM3 fiber will work for up to 125m of OM4fiber, but no further work will be undertaken within the P802.3ba project for greater MMF fiber reachModified Copper Cable Assembly reachThe reach objectives for 40GBASE-CR4 and 100GBASE-CR10 were reduced from 10m to 7m to allocateadditional loss budget to PCB board tracesAppropriate Support for OTNFor 100 GbE, this continues to be expected to be simply a matter of the ITU-T defining an appropriaterate for a new OPU/ODU/OTU4 (defined in G.709 Amendment 3). The IEEE is not expecting to takeany specific action for this rateFor 40 GbE, the adopted baseline in trowbridge_01_0508.pdf assumes the use of transcoding toprovide a mapping of 40GbE into an OPU3 and so this states that there must be 15 or fewer controlblock types in the final standard and that proprietary extensions to the 64B/66B coding scheme shouldbe considered as an error if receivedBIP added to lane markersReduces time required to verify 10-12 BER from ~1 hour to ~2 minutes for 100GBASE-RMechanism agreed in ITU-T Q11/15 for how to allow end-to-end error counting based on the BIP when40GBASE-R is transported over OTN with transcoding into 513B code blocksAgreed in 802.3ba to count errored blocks like SDH RS BIP or OTN bip (one errored block per incorrectBIP-8 value) to avoid possible multiplication of error counts when 40GBASE-R is carried over OTN All Rights Reserved © Alcatel-Lucent 2009Future IEEE802.1ab MeetingsMeetingInterimPlenaryInterimPlenaryInterimLocationChicagoAtlantaNew OrleansOrlandoTBDDatesSeptember 21-25, 2009November 16-19, 2009January 25-29, 2010March 14-20, 2010May 2010Note: The 802.3ba standard is expected to be approved at the IEEE standards boardmeeting in June 2010 All Rights Reserved © Alcatel-Lucent 200940GE 和100GE的应用场景•40GbE:数据中心刀片服务器内部接口或仅作为服务器互联接口，100GE:上行链路•40GbE/100GE:路由器/交换机之间互联接口•40G/100GE:上行链路 All Rights Reserved © Alcatel-Lucent 2009路由器40GE 和100GE的接口Juniper note its June 2009 announcement of a 100 Gigabit Ethernet router interface cardfor the T1600 IP Core RouterCisco highlight its 100G Ethernet initiatives－ its June 2008 100G Ethernet demonstrationsat Comcast,July 16, 2009 - Alcatel-Lucent introduced a 100 GigE service routing interface for the“edge,” where it claims service providers need it most. All Rights Reserved © Alcatel-Lucent 200940GE 和100GE的市场预测 All Rights Reserved © Alcatel-Lucent 200940/100GE over OTN All Rights Reserved © Alcatel-Lucent 200940GE 的传送-OTU3 All Rights Reserved © Alcatel-Lucent 200940GE over OTU3 (Transcode)40GbE速率为41.25 Gbit/s，OPU3速率为40.15Gbit/s，无法直接映射。

因此将40GbE并行接口转换为串行比特流以后，需要采用编码转换的方法进行速率压缩，最后异步映射进入OPU3因此，目前40GbE实现的是PCS层透明映射Step1－并串转换：40GbE由4个并行虚通道组成，每个虚通道包含64B/66B编码数据，并且每16384个66B代码块插入一个虚通道定位标识符（Lane Marker）虚通道定位标识符是一个特定格式的66B代码块4个并行虚通道可以通过4个并行物理通道承载 将40GbE的4个并行虚通道进行重新排序和斜率校正处理后，形成66B代码块的串行码流（包括通道定位标识符）Step2－转码：64B/66B转换为512B/513B，8个66B转换为513B512B/513B转换为1026B/1027B，2个513B转换为1027BStep3－映射进OPU3：通过GMP映射进OPU3（映射进入OPU3的1024B/1027B比特流的速率为40.1171875Gbit/s ± 100ppm） All Rights Reserved © Alcatel-Lucent 2009100GE传送传送-OTU4 (define new OTU4)Provider Network(WDM)Client Interface(UNI = User-Network Interface)100G Ethernet (IEEE)Parallel PHY = multiplewavelengths (e.g., 10x10G,4x25G)or multiple fibers (e.g., OM3MMF)short reach (100m, 2-40km)Transport Interface(NNI = Network-to-NetworkInterface)OTN4 (ITU-T)Serial PHY = single wavelengthandsingle fiberlong reach (100-3,000km) All Rights Reserved © Alcatel-Lucent 2009100GE over OTU4ITU-T新定义了OTU4，OTU4 比特速率为111.8099736 Gbit/s， ODU4 比特速率为104.7944458 Gbit/s， 能够支持100GE (103.125 Gbit/s ±100ppm) 的业务映射Step 1：100GE经过并串转换Step 2：通过GMP映射进OTU4. All Rights Reserved © Alcatel-Lucent 200940/100G传送 All Rights Reserved © Alcatel-Lucent 2009XNxG100G传送应用市场传送应用市场Identified key applications, requirements, market window & challengesService driven: transport of 100GE client signals (between routers, video severs or computers)VoD:VideoStorageVHOVSOMAN/RANVSOHigh Speed Data Center interconnection:Data 100GECenterN x 100GXBackbone100GEDataCenter100Topology: Mainly ringProducts: WDM/ROADMPriority: HighVSOTopology: p-t-p, meshProducts: WDM/ROADM, Tera SwPriority: HighX100GEDataCenterTransport driven: concentration of several client signals <100G and transport via 100GGETransport Optimization: 10GEXSTM-NGE10GESTM-NTopology: meshProducts: Tera Switch, WDM/ROADMXN x 100GBackboneXN x 100GN x 100GXX10G10GMetroPriority: HighestGE, 10GESTM-N All Rights Reserved © Alcatel-Lucent 200910x10Gb/s10x10Gb/s•••••MUXParallel versus serial 100G transport100G parallel transport (10x10G)• Multi-wavelength transmission• Multiple lasers, modulators, detectors• Multi-channel synchronization/skewing• Low spectral efficiency• 10x10G TX/RX integration mandatoryfor cost efficient implementation100G serial transport100GEMACMUX10 x 10-Gb/s Modulators(electricaloptical)100 Gb/s(10 channels)Single wavelength transmissionSingle laser, modulator, detectorHigh spectral efficiencyBetter networking flexibilityDifferent symbol rate options:100GEMAC100 Gb/s(or 2x50G)Laser100 Gb/s(1 channel)- 100Gbaud: 100G binary OOK- 50Gbaud: 2x50G DQPSKOne 100-Gb/s Modulator(electrical optical)- 25Gbaud: 2x2x25G DQPSK or CQPSK + PolMux100G transport choice depends on lowest cost per bitTargeted system capacity (spectral efficiency, system reach)Wavelength management and networking aspects (ROADMs, etc.) All Rights Reserved © Alcatel-Lucent 2009100G WDM系统要求系统要求1. N×100G 应该达到10G/40G已有的频谱效率和传输距离(不应该减少)50GHz 信道间隔， 1500km传输距离2. N×100G 应该兼容当前网络中已有的10G/40G波长业务40G到100G平滑升级， 10G/40G/100G混传3. N×100G 应该支持网络中已有的客户侧接口40GE/100GE 客户侧接口，40G POS接口，OTU3 接口，OTU4线路侧接口4. N×100G 的OTU4映射应该符合OTN标准（G.709）5. N×100G 应该与网络中已有的设备能混合组网– 穿通OADM、ROADM滤波器而不用减少其个数 All Rights Reserved © Alcatel-Lucent 2009 All Rights Reserved © Alcatel-Lucent 2009100G WDM系统关键技术系统关键技术发送、接收技术：调制，偏振复用解复用，光相干接收，高速电处理，超强FEC传输线路控制技术：非线性抑制和色散管理，PMD控制，光路监控 All Rights Reserved © Alcatel-Lucent 2009DEMUXHybridXFP / SFP+ODU-2XFP / SFP+E.g.,PICs100G transmission100G client moduleSignal processing100G Line module90°100GE / ODU-4(2)4/10/40 kmSFI-SOTU-4TRXFramerSFI-SSFI-S4x25GSERDES/PrecoderDriverOTU-4112 Gbit/sFECCoding10 x 11.2Gb/sMLD100GE100mCTBI/MLD(MAC)10 x 10Gb/sSFI-SQuad ADCDSPDEMUXLO10 x 10G client moduleXFP / SFP+STM-64 XFP / SFP+10 x XFIOC-192 XFP / SFP+XFP / SFP+XFP / SFP+10GE LanPhy10GE WanPhy XFP / SFP+10G CBR XFP / SFP+XFP / SFP+0.1/2/40/80/WDM kmPartnerKey Recommendations: Higher Integ.DevelopGo to partners for SERDES & optical driversNeed specialized coherent detection hwLook for higher integration for all other componentsOTU-4 mapper:OTU-4 framing incl. standard FEC and enhanced FECODU-2(+) to ODU-4 multiplexing (ODU-3 to ODU-4 prepared)10GbE into ODU-2+ (transparent)if MAC included device can support XC and packet switch apps All Rights Reserved © Alcatel-Lucent 2009HIGHERHARDWARECOMPLEXITYHIGHERSYSTEMTOLERANCE90deghybridDSPDSP90deghybridDataxyHardware requirements for 100G serial modulation formatsModulation format100 Gbaud100G Binary/OOKTXHardware complexityMach-Zehnder modulatorRX50 Gbaud2x50G(RZ-)DQPSK(Multi-Level)Precoded Dataπ/2ClockOR:Pulse carver (RZ)Precoded DataControl25 Gbaud2x2x25GDQPSK/coh. QPSK+ Polarization Mux(Multi-Level)LaserClockRZxPol.yPol.OR:x xPol. Lasery yRZMulti-symbol phase estimationIntradyne receiverLower symbol rate approaches (50/25Gbaud) provide higher system tolerance atthe expense of higher transponder hardware complexity (cost impact under study) All Rights Reserved © Alcatel-Lucent 2009100G WDM系统关键技术－系统关键技术－FECITU Standardizing(Hopefully with aScalable Strong FEC)FramerCEI-11 (7% OH)with MLDNo AgreementsInterfaces, Soft FEC,FEC FeedbackStructure, LaneAssignment…100G LH Module EM20%QPSKOTNFramer7% FECEncoderSoftFECMuxTxIntegratedPhotonics(option)Laser(s)20%A/D,OTNFramer7% FECHard-DecisionDecodeSoftFEC(option)Equal,QPSKRxIntegratedPhotonics100G LH Int PhotIntegrated DSPMSA: Power, mechanical, thermal, control interface, software interface All Rights Reserved © Alcatel-Lucent 2009MUXDSP100G WDM系统关键技术－光参数的动态监控系统关键技术－光参数的动态监控Wavelength Tracker™ Operation1830 OTorAlien λIntegratedeVOA’s forsource powermanagementSub-carriermodulationPayload (noise)frequencyAMPIntegrated per-channel eVOAsserve multiple functionsAutomatic optical poweradjustment and uniqueDSPWTEncodeLow Freq signalWTDecodetimewavelength codingEncode once, decode many timesEach channel is encoded with a unique WaveKeypair that allows the channel to be identified and itspower monitoredThe assignment of WaveKeys is managed by the NEs,which maintain a database of the WaveKeys used inthe network.At each detection point, the WaveKeys are detectedand their power measured.for fault location capabilityProvides a transponderlessdemarcation pointProvides intra-node opticalperformance monitoring (OPM)at all line cardsDecode based on DSP, correlationand orthogonal codingUniquely identifies each service/wavelength in the network All Rights Reserved © Alcatel-Lucent 2009100G WDM系统关键技术－光参数的动态补偿系统关键技术－光参数的动态补偿 All Rights Reserved © Alcatel-Lucent 20097mm100G WDM系统关键技术－系统关键技术－PICOptical Switching increases function of OpticsIf we are going to use more optical functionality we needto integrate more functionality to reduce the cost.There is also an optimum balance between yield andpackaging but since devices size not limited bylithography there is no Moore’s law scaling with time.Many Integration optionsLaserLaserLaserLaserLaserModModModModModVOAVOAVOAVOAVOAFilterFilterFilterFilterFilterIntegration along light path (serial)e.g. laser and modulatorIntegration across light paths (parallel)e.g. demultiplexer and transmitter/detector arraysMonolithicMultiple components on the same chipMultiple tunablelasers andwavelengthconverters12 mmSize reduction, Reduced coupling losses, simplified packagingAttractive for transmittersHybrid integrationComponents on multiple material substratesFullest exploitation of material characteristics, structures can beused for passive assemblyAttractive for receivers and inline elements All Rights Reserved © Alcatel-Lucent 20094 SOA Arrayon Si02 PLCInP Photonic Integrated Circuits at Alcatel-Lucent•Fast 32-channel filter through monolithicintegration of AWGs and SOA gates•VanThourhout et al., JSTQE 2002Monolithic Optical Equalizer with SOABhardwaj et al. OFC 2007Compact 80Gb/s DQPSK modulator onInP using EAMDoerr et al. OFC 2007Integrated wavelength 40Gb/s conversionmodule with fast tunable laser (MFL)Bernasconi et al OFC 2005OutputInput All Rights Reserved © Alcatel-Lucent 2009BackplaneNetwork100G WDM系统关键技术－高速电处理（互联）系统关键技术－高速电处理（互联）Many high-speed and low-speed I/Os requiredHigh-speed (6.25 Gb/s – 25 Gb/s) interconnect between ASICsLow-speed (200-600 MHz) interconnects for memory devicesMany I/Os meansLarge pin countboard space critical as well as large & expensive devicesHigh power consumptionthermal issues, costsBoard design challenge (many layers, Xtalk, etc.)high system costs All Rights Reserved © Alcatel-Lucent 2009100G WDM系统关键技术－高速电处理（系统关键技术－高速电处理（CDR，补偿和均衡），补偿和均衡）ASESignal+Demuxλ1OEQλ2− λNTDCPMDCOFEHard/soft decisionCDR-demuxFFE DFE MLSEMinimum required receiver elements:Digital post-processingOFE … optical front-end, including optical DPSK-demodulationClock & data recovery, subrate demultiplexing (“CDR-demux”)(contained in “Digital post-processing” block)Compensators and equalizersTDC … tunable dispersion compensatorPMDC … polarization-mode dispersion compensatorOEQ … optical equalizerDigital post-processing … may contain electronic equalizationFFE … feed-forward equalizer, DFE … decision feedback equalizerMLSE … maximum-likelihood sequence estimator All Rights Reserved © Alcatel-Lucent 2009近期100-Gb/s 传送试验（ECOC和OFC)• 107-Gb/s binary OOK (NRZ) over 320 km (ALU, R&I)• 107-Gb/s binary OOK (NRZ-VSB) over 160 km field fiber (COBRA, Siemens,Micram, HHI, AT&T)• 10x107-Gb/s NRZ-DQPSK over 1200 km and 6 ROADMs with 1.0 b/s/Hzspectral efficiency (ALU, BL)• 10x107-Gb/s binary OOK (NRZ) (107Gbaud) over 480 km (ALU, R&I)• 10x111-Gb/s PDM-RZ-DQPSK over 2375 km with 2.0 b/s/Hz (CoreOptics,Siemens)• 204x111-Gb/s CSRZ-DQPSK over 240 km (NTT)• 107-Gb/s O/E receiver with integrated photodetector and demultiplexer (ALU,BL)• 8x107-Gb/s binary OOK (NRZ-VSB) over 480 km with 1.0 b/s/Hz (ALU, R&I)• 80x107-Gb/s binary OOK (NRZ-VSB) over 510 km with 1.0 b/s/Hz (ALU, R&I)• 8x107-Gb/s PDM-RZ-DQPSK and 8x42.7-Gb/s RZ-DQPSK over 1280 km and 4ROADMs with1.4 b/s/Hz (ALU, BL)• 30x100-Gb/s OFDM over 1300 km and 10 ROADMs with 1.0 b/s/Hz spectralefficiency (NTT) All Rights Reserved © Alcatel-Lucent 2009近期100-Gb/s 传送试验Company/organization Location/dateAT&T1, NEC CorporationUSA/Mayof America and Corning 2008Banverket Sweden/April2009Deutsche Telekom and Germany/MarEricsson ch 2009Ciena USA/August2008ActivityTransmission of data at 114G over each of 320 separate optical channelson a single 580km optically amplified linkLive field trial, running 10G/40G/100G simultaneously on existing fibernetwork between Sundsvall and Stockholm100G R&D field trial on existing optical platform as part of European100Gbit/s Carrier-Grade Ethernet Transport Technologies ProjectDemonstration of single wavelength transmission of a 100G data stream,through 80 km of fiber with CaltechGeorgia Institute ofTechnologyUSA/March2009Establishes the Georgia Tech 100G Optical Networking Consortium with10 companies to perform multidisciplinary research in all aspects of 100GtransmissionGlobal Access andInfineraNeos NetworksVerizonJapan/January Complete Japan's first 100G Ethernet demonstration between Tokyo and2009 OsakaUK/March Trial of 100G DWDM optical system between Manchester and London2009USA/Septemb Moves 100G trials program to next stage with over 1000km runout oner 2008 Richardson, Texas, networkSource: Light Reading, 2009 All Rights Reserved © Alcatel-Lucent 2009TransmissionAWGInterleaverROADM #2π/2Pre-compExpress1 x 4Pol.τ100 km100 kmRamanRamanτDropBERTλ1NRZ-DQPSK on 100-GHz grid over 1200 km and 6 ROADMs*53.5-Gb/s In-phase (I)λ10 DFB 85 GHz (a) Pol.Quadrature (Q)Balanced RX Frequency4:1 NZDF NZDFDemux DCF DCFPol.Clock recoverySwitch Switch10 dB LoopOEQPost-compPol. WSS53.5-Gb/s Add Drop400 km100 km 100 kmNZDF NZDFDCF DCFRaman RamanExpressROADM in(b)Drop / AddWavelengthROADM #11 x 9 ExpressWSSPol. Add1.0 Tb/s capacity (10 x 107 Gb/s)High spectral efficiency, 1.0 bit/s/Hz, (100-GHz channel spacing)1200 km transmission distance• No polarization multiplexingReconfigurable optical add/drop multiplexers (ROADMs)• Placed every 200 km, adjacent channels dropped and re-inserted* Ref: P. J. Winzer, G. Raybon, S. Chandrasekhar, C. R. Doerr, T. Kawanishi, T.Sakamoto, K. Higuma: Post-Deadline Paper PDP24, OFC 2007 All Rights Reserved © Alcatel-Lucent 2009power[dB]Q-factor(dB)8 Tbit/s (80x107 Gbit/s) ASK-NRZ VSB DWDM transmissionwith 100 GHz channel spacing (1 bit/s/Hz)*C-bandevenC-bandboosterDWDMdemuxPost-compensationL-bandevenDATAD+D+OpticalfilterOpticalfilter107 Gbit/sETDMreceiver107Gb/s ETDM 100 GHzmultiplexer interleaverGFFC-bandC-bandoddL-bandoddDATAL-bandboosterD-Raman Raman510 kmtransmission linkX8L-bandOpticalfilterOpticalfilter107 Gbit/sETDMreceiver80x107 Gbit/s ETDM transmitter-25-35-45-55-651413121110981525154515651585160515251545156515851605w avelength [nm ]Wavelength (nm )80x107 Gbit/s binary OOK DWDM transmission over 510 km of fiberC-band and L-band, dispersion managed D+/D-/D+ fiber, Raman amplificationDispersion tolerance ±12.5 ps/nm @ 1dB penaltyQ-factor margin ~2.5 dB* Ref: K. Schuh et al.(ALU R&I Stuttgart & Villarceaux, PD-Paper PDP 1.8, ECOC 2007 All Rights Reserved © Alcatel-Lucent 2009LambdaXtreme® Field Trial111 km96 km93 km106 km504 km98 km100G Transmitter at theTampa Central Office504-km Verizon field routeoperating LambdaXtreme® All Rights Reserved © Alcatel-Lucent 2009100G Receiver next to LambdaXtreme®at the Miami Central Office40G2.3.100G Field Trial with Verizon on Lambda Xtreme1DIntermediateROADM1DROADMROADMILAIntermediateROADM10GPlanned route: 500 – 1000 km, 1 – 3 ROADMs10G40G100G10GbE10GbE100GRxI/FI/FTx1.Lucent Lambda Xtreme field route100G transmitter and receiver10 GbE client signal interface• Field trial this summer• Phase I with test data (July/August 2007)• Phase II with live data (Oct/Nov 2007) All Rights Reserved © Alcatel-Lucent 200910dB15901600LambdaXtreme® Field Trial-20-25-30-35-40-45-50-55100G DQPSK15801590160016101620Wavelength [nm]-20-25-30-35-40-45-50-55-60-6510G OOK100G DQPSK1588.515891589.51590 All Rights Reserved © Alcatel-Lucent 2009小结 All Rights Reserved © Alcatel-Lucent 2009小结1. 40GE/100GE 将在2010年中完成标准化，路由器厂商已经开始推出100GE接口，100G传送试商用已经出现，预计2011年大量使用。

2. 40GE通过transcode在OTU3中传送，100GE映射到OTU4中传送3. 100G传送的调制码有多中：DPSK、O-OFDM，现在优选PM-DQPSK4. 100G传送还需要克服关键技术：FEC，光参数监控和控制，PIC，高速数据电处理等 All Rights Reserved © Alcatel-Lucent 2009与作者联系（Contact Author)感谢您下载并阅读本演讲稿，针对本演讲内容如您希望与作者本人交流，可先联系：中国光电产业高层论坛办公室OFweek光电新闻网编辑部林先生、于先生:0755-83279360/61/63/65:0755-83279008Email:market@;editors@地址:深圳市深南中路北方大厦705室邮编:518033www.alcatel- All Rights Reserved © Alcatel-Lucent 2009。