高级英语第一册Unit4EverydayUse.ppt

Unit4 Everyday Use1 1Alice WalkerAlice Walker (1944-), poet, novelist and essayist, was bornAlice Walker (1944-), poet, novelist and essayist, was bornInto a poor rural family in Eatonton, Georgia. Her writing Into a poor rural family in Eatonton, Georgia. Her writing career began with the publication of a volume of poetry incareer began with the publication of a volume of poetry in1968,with was followed by a number of novels, short stories1968,with was followed by a number of novels, short storiescritical essays and more poetry. Her works include The Life critical essays and more poetry. Her works include The Life of Grange Copeland(1970), Meridian (1976), a biography ofof Grange Copeland(1970), Meridian (1976), a biography ofLangston Hughes (1973), a volume of poetry RevolutionaryLangston Hughes (1973), a volume of poetry RevolutionaryPetunias and Other Poems (1973), a collection of short storiesPetunias and Other Poems (1973), a collection of short storiesIn Love and Troubles: Stories of Black Women (1973) and a In Love and Troubles: Stories of Black Women (1973) and a recent novel The Temple of My Familiar (1989). Her most recent novel The Temple of My Familiar (1989). Her most significant novel is The Color Purple, published in 1982.significant novel is The Color Purple, published in 1982. 2 2Everyday Use“Everyday Use” (1973) is included in the Norton Anthology of“Everyday Use” (1973) is included in the Norton Anthology ofShort Fiction, 2nd, Edition, 1981. It describes three women. The Short Fiction, 2nd, Edition, 1981. It describes three women. The mother is a working woman without much education, but not mother is a working woman without much education, but not without intelligence or perception. The two daughters form a without intelligence or perception. The two daughters form a sharp contrast in every conceivable way: appearance, character,sharp contrast in every conceivable way: appearance, character,personal experiences, etc. The story reaches its climax at the personal experiences, etc. The story reaches its climax at the Moment when Dee, the elder daughter, wants the old quilts onlyMoment when Dee, the elder daughter, wants the old quilts onlyto be refused flatly by the mother, who intends to give them toto be refused flatly by the mother, who intends to give them toMaggie, the younger one. The old quilts, made from pieces of Maggie, the younger one. The old quilts, made from pieces of clothes worn by grand- and great-grand parents and stitched by clothes worn by grand- and great-grand parents and stitched by Grandma’s hand, are clearly a symbol of the cultural heritage of Grandma’s hand, are clearly a symbol of the cultural heritage of black people. Their different feelings about the quilts reveal theirblack people. Their different feelings about the quilts reveal theirdifferent attitudes towards their heritage as blacks.different attitudes towards their heritage as blacks.3 3New wordsextended: prolonged, continued; enlarged in influence, meaning, scope, etc.e.g. extended care: nursing care provided for a limited time after a hospital stay extended family: a group of relatives by blood, marriage or adoption, often including a nuclear family, living together, esp. three generations are involved.homely: not good-looking, or handsome; plain, unattractive4 4tottering: being unsteady on one’s feet; staggering overalls: loose-fitting trousers of some strong cotton-cloth, often with a part extending up over the chest, worn, usually over other clothes, to protect against dirt and wear.New words5 5tongue: the act or power of speaking; manner or style of speaking dimwit: (slang) a stupid person, a simpletone.g. ready tongue 敏捷的口才New words6 6pumps: low-cut shoes without straps or ties.organdy (or organdie): a very sheer, crisp cotton fabric used for dresses, curtain, etc.New words7 7church songs: hymns in praise or honor of God.hook: to attack with the horns as by a bull.New words8 8shingle: a thin wedge-shaped pieces of wood, slate, etc. laid with others in overlapping rows as a roof.furtive: done or acting in a stealthy manner, as if to hinder observation; surreptitious, stealthy, sneaky.New words9 9washday: a day, often the same day every week, when the clothes, linens, etc. of a household are washed.kinky: (colloquial) full of short, twisty curls, tightly curled.New words1010trip: to stumble, catch one’s foot and lose one’s balance.churn: a container or contrivance in which milk or cream is beaten, stirred or shaken to form butter. New words1111centerpiece: an ornament, like a bowl of flowers placed in the center of a table. Anything artistic can be used as a centerpiece.alcove: a secluded section of a room for having breakfast.New words1212stroke: to pass one’s hand gently over the surface of something as in caressing.stumped: (colloquial) puzzled, perplexed, baffled.New words1313wriggle: to move to and fro with a twisting and writhing motion.sink: an area of slightly sunken land, esp. one in which water collects or disappears by evaporation or percolation into the ground.New words1414wavy: characteristic of waves, resembling waves.rawhide: untanned or partially tanned tanned cattle hide.New words1515with one feet raised in flight:with one feet raised in flight: ready to leave as quickly as possible because of discomfort, nervousness, timidity, etc. sidle up:sidle up: move up sideways, especially in a shy or stealthy manner. Phrases and expressions1616stand off:stand off: stand away, in a distancestare down:stare down: to stare back at another until the gaze of the one stared at is turned away.Phrases and expressions1717not round and not square:not round and not square: irregular in shape.in style:in style: in a fashionable and luxurious way. Phrases and expressions1818hang about:hang about: (or around) a. to cluster around; b. (colloquial) to loiter or linger around.to do it fancy:to do it fancy: to do in an ornamental, elaborate manner.Phrases and expressions1919blue steak:blue steak: (colloquial) anything regarded as like a streak of lightning in speed, vividness, etc. to talk a blue streak: to talk much and rapidly.sink in one’s breath:sink in one’s breath: inhale one’s breath.Phrases and expressions2020ParaphraseShe thinks her sister has held life always in the palm of one hand, that “no” is a word the world never learned to say to her.She thinks that her sister has a firm control of her life.2121ParaphraseIn real life I am a large, big-boned woman with rough, man-working hands.The phrase “in real life” is transitional, linking this paragraph and the one above, implying that those TV programs are nothing but make-believe and the narrator is very skeptical of them. In real life she has the typical features of a black working woman.2222ParaphraseMy fat keeps me hot in zero weather.Because I am fat, I feel hot even in freezing weather.2323ParaphraseI am the way my daughter would want me to be: a hundred pounds lighter, my skin like an uncooked barley pancake.My daughter wishes me to have a slender figure and a fair complexion; like an uncooked barley pancake: a simile comparing the skin to barley dough which has a creamy, smooth texture.2424ParaphraseJohnny Carson has much to do to keep up with my quick and witty tongue.Johnny Carson, popular TV talk show star, is famous for his witty and glib tongue. But in this respect, I am far better than he, and he has to try hard if he wants to catch up with me.2525ParaphraseShe washed us in a river of make-believe, burned us with a lot of knowledge we didn’t necessarily need to know.She imposed on us lots of falsity and so-called knowledge that is totally useless to us.2626ParaphraseHer eye lids would not flicker for minutes at a time.Again it shows that Dee was undaunted with a strong character. She would look at anybody steadily and intently for a long time.2727ParaphraseOften I fought off the temptation to shake her.Often I wanted so much to shake her, but I restrained myself. Usually you shake somebody in order to rouse that person to the awareness of something.2828ParaphraseWhen did Dee ever have any friends?A rhetorical question, meaning Dee was not an easy person to get along with, and she never had any true friends.2929ParaphraseLike when you see the wriggling end of a snake just in front of your foot on the road.An elliptical sentence. It’s the kind of disgusted response you have when you see the wriggling end of a snake just in front of your foot on the road.3030ParaphraseThere are yellows and oranges enough to throw back the light of the sun.There are bright yellow and colored patterns which shine even more brightly than the sun.3131ParaphraseShe never takes a shot without making sure the house is included.Every time she takes a picture she makes sure that the house is in it. It shows how important she thinks the house is. We are reminded how she used to hate the house.3232ParaphraseMeanwhile, Asalamalakim is going through motions with Maggie’ hand.Meanwhile Dee’s boyfriend is trying to shake hands with Maggie in a fancy and elaborate way.3333ParaphraseThough, in fact, I probably could have carried it back beyond the Civil War through the branches.As I see Dee is getting tired of this, I don’t want to go on either. In fact, I could have traced it back before the Civil War through the family branches.3434ParaphraseMaggie’s brain’ like an elephant’s.Elephants are said to have good memories. Here Dee is being ironic.3535ParaphraseShe held the quilts securely in her arms, stroking them.This shows how she cherished the quilts and how determined she was to have them. 3636ParaphraseShe’d probably be backward enough to put them to everyday use.The snobbish Dee says that Maggie is not as well educated or sophisticated as she and that Maggie will not be able to appreciate the value of the quilts and will use them just as quilts, not as works of art.3737Effective Writing Skills 1. Successful portrayal of characters 2. Using many elliptical and short, simple sentences to achieve certain effect E.g. When the hard clay is swept clean as a floor and the fine sand around the edges lined with tiny, irregular grooves. Before the word “lined,” the link verb “is” is omitted. 3. Using languages which suit the background of characters E.g. the church and me is incorrect grammar, and it should be the church and I.3838Rhetorical Devices1.simile E.g. I am the way my daughter would want me to be: a hundred pounds lighter, my skin like an un cooked barley pancake. 2.metaphor E.g. When I looked at her like that something hit me in the top of my head and ran down to the soles of my feet.3.symbolism E.g. the quilts3939 Exercises—ReplacementIV. Replace the following italicized word with more formal words or expressions.1. even though she has told me once that she thinks orchids are tacky flowers.2. like dimwits, we seem to understand.inelegantineleganta stupid person; a a stupid person; a simpletonsimpleton40403. and hanging from his chin like a kinky mule tail.4. Impressed with her they worshiped her well-turned phrases.tightly curledtightly curledexpressed or worded expressed or worded well; felicitouswell; felicitous Exercises—Replacement41415. I heard Maggie go “Uhnnnh” again.6. It looks like Asalamalakim wants to shake hands but want to do it fancy.say (used to describe dialogue)As if/shake hands in a As if/shake hands in a fancy and elaborate wayfancy and elaborate way Exercises—Replacement42427. “Well.” said Asalamakim, “There you are.”8. After I tripped over it two or three times he told me to just call him Hakim-a-barber.I knew you I knew you couldn’t trace it couldn’t trace it further back.further back.mispronounced, failed mispronounced, failed to pronounce it to pronounce it correctlycorrectly Exercises—Replacement43439. “You must belong to the beef-cattle people down the road,” I said.10. She talked a blue streak over the sweet potatoes.people who breed people who breed and fatten cattle and fatten cattle for meatfor meattalked much and talked much and rapidlyrapidly Exercises—Replacement4444VI. The following sentences all contain metaphors or similes. Explain their meaning in plain, non-figurative language.1. I am the way my daughter would want me to be: …my skin like an uncooked barley pancake.2.It seems to me I have talked to them always with one feet raised in flight. …my complexion had a smooth and creamy texture.…uncomfortably and nervously, wanting to get away as soon as possible. Exercises—Explanation4545 the quick and great humor that would make everybody laugh immediately. He wasted no time in marrying a contemptible city girl from a family of ignorant ostentatious and vulgar people.3. Impressed with her they worshiped her well-turned phrases, the cute shape, the scalding humor that erupted like bubbles in lye.4. He flew to marry a cheap city girl from a family of ignorant flashy people. Exercises—Explanation46465. And she stops and tries to dig a well in the sand with her toe.6. “Maggie’s brain is like an elephant’s,” Wangero said, laughing. …move her feet in great discomfort “Maggie’s memory is very good,” Wangero said, laughing. Exercises—Explanation47477. You didn’t even have to look close to see where hands pushing the dasher up and down to make butter had left a kind of sink in the wood.8. “Mama,” Wangero said, sweet as a bird. …slightly sunken areas “Mama,” Wangero said in an extremely sweet voice. Exercises—Explanation48489. She gasped like a bee had stung her.10. It’s really a new day for us. She breathed suddenly in painful surpriseFor us colored people, this is a new era, and we mustseize our opportunities. Exercises—Explanation4949 1. 一场大火把贫民区三百多座房子夷为平地。

XII. Exercises—Translation A big fire burned to the ground more than 300 homes in the slum neighborhood.2. 只要你为人正直, 不怕失去什么, 那你对任何人都不会畏惧If you are upright and not afraid of losing anything, you will be able to look anyone in the eye.XII. Translate the following sentences into English., (using the following words or expressions: to look sb. in the eyes, to burn… to the ground, to match, over, despite, to confront, to recompose, to imagine, to stick to, to trace…to):5050 3. 尽管发了水灾, 今年的农业生产损失并不严重。

Despite the flood, the losses in agricultural production were not that serious.4. 这件衬衣与裙子的颜色和式样都不像配 This blouse doesn’t match the color or the style of the skin.5. 咱们一边和咖啡一边谈这件事吧Let’s talk about the matter over a cup of coffee.5151 6. 我怎么也不能想象你能做出不光彩的事来 I can’t imagine you doing disgraceful things. 7. 他无法想象为什么人们反对他的看法 He couldn’t imagine why people were opposed to his suggestions.8. 这位官员在下汽车时碰到两个恐怖分子Stepping off from the car, the official was confronted by two terrorists.52529. 只要我们坚持这些原则, 我们就会成功。

As long as we stick to these principles, we will surely be successful.10. 这个消息使她大为震惊, 但她很快就镇定了下来She was shocked at the news, buy before long she recomposed herself.11. 这段引文的来源很难查找到It is very difficult to trace this quotation to its source.535312. 他们的生活方式可以追溯到一千多年前他们的祖先所开创的古老传统Their way of life could be traced to the ancient traditions hundreds down to them by their ancestors more than one thousand years ago.The end.5454个人观点供参考，欢迎讨论。