中级口译英译汉练习题及答案（8）.doc

中级口译英译汉练习题及答案（8） Passage 15 几千年来我们中国人一直视筷子为一种可以将饭从碗中逐口送入口中的最简单同时也是最有效的工具早在周朝时期，筷子便被人们用来夹取荤、蔬菜，而米饭在那时则用手来取食//全国各地的筷子大小基本一样，而所用的材料的种类则各有不同，所选材料有竹子、木材、漆器、玉石、象牙、塑料、铝、银、金等特长的竹筷通常用于厨房中//中国人使用筷子的方法很有艺术性，各人有各人的方法，就好像签名一样，不尽一致中国人一般都能随心所欲的用筷子夹起一粒米饭，一粒豌豆，一只滑溜溜的蘑菇或海参// 使用筷子时，要把一双筷子夹在大拇指和食指之间要点是让其中的一根筷子保持不动，活动另一根筷子，以便能像钳子一样夹取食物// For thousands of years we Chinese have always regarded chopsticks the simplest possible and the most efficient tool for transporting bite-sized morsels of food form a bowl to the mouth. As early as in the Zhou Dynasty， chopsticks were used for picking up meat and vegetables， while hands were used for rice.// Chopsticks， which are roughly uniform in size throughout China， can be made of a variety of materials， including bamboo， wood， lacquer， jade， ivory， plastic， aluminum， silver and gold. Special long bamboo chopsticks are generally used in the kitchen.// The way we Chinese handle our chopsticks is quite artistic and varied from person to person like one’s signature. An average Chinese can very easily pick up a single tiny grain of rice， or a tiny piece of peas， or a slippery button mushroom or sea cucumber.// When using chopsticks， one should place both sticks between the thumb and forefinger. The point is to keep one stick still and move the other so as to make them work like pincers. Passage 16 美国的经济体制主要是一种私有制。

在这一体制下，消费者、生产者和政府通过价格体系，每天都会做出经济决策这三方的互动行使着经济职能然而，市场的主要力量是生产者和消费者之间的相互作用，市场经济之名也正是由此而来 一般来说，消费者追求的是消费后所获价值的最大化，而生产者则是追求其所售物品的最理想价格和最大利润而中央政府、州政府和地方政府则是希望促进公共安全，保证正当竞争以及提供各项服务人们一般会认为这些服务由政府执行会比由私人企业执行效果好总体而言，企业分为三类：个体私营企业、合资企业和股份公司前两者很重要，但只有最后一种能够最大程度地将众多投资人的投资集合起来，进行大规模融资而这些投资人作为股东，可以在公开的市场上买卖他们的企业份额股份公司制使得大型企业成为可能The economic system of the United States is principally one of private ownership. In this system, consumers, producers and government make economic decisions on a daily basis, mainly through the price system. The dynamic interaction of these three groups makes the economic function. The market’s primary force, however, is the interaction of producers and consumers; hence the market economy designation.As a rule, consumers look for the best values for what they spend while producers seek the best price and profit for what they have to sell. Government, at the federal, state, and local level, seeks to promote public security, assure reasonable competition, and provide a range of services believed to be better performed by public rather than private enterprises.Generally, there are three kinds of enterprises: single-owner operated businesses, partnerships and corporations. The first two are important, but it is the latter structure that best permits the amassing of large sums of money by combining the investments of many people who, as stockholders, can buy and sell their shares of the business at any time on the open market. Corporations make large-scale enterprises possible.。