新视野大学英语三版第四册第五单元sectiona课件ppt.ppt
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4Speaking Chinese in AmericaUnit Unit 5 5 Section ASection AFOREIGH LANGUAGE TEACHING AND RESEARCH PRESS AIR FORCE ENGINEERING UNIVERTISY Each of us is like everybody else in some ways (universal behaviors), like the people in our culture in some other ways (cultural behaviors), and like no one else at all in still other ways (personal behaviors). — Craig Storti (American scholar)Our incapacity to comprehend other cultures stems from our insistence on measuring things in our own terms. — Arthur Erickson (Canadian architect)45UNIT Section A 45Why culture counts UNITSpeaking Chinese in AmericaObjectivesObjectivesTo talk about a stereotype of Chinese language and culture To further understand the textTo apply the phrases and patternsTo master the paragraph (essay) writing skill Contents5Speaking Chinese in AmericaUNITWarming-up Activities Text Study Language Application Summary 5UNITWarming-up ActivitiesLead-inLead-inPre-reading ActivitiesPre-reading ActivitiesCultural BackgroundCultural BackgroundSpeaking Chinese in AmericaSpeaking Chinese in America 1.Some Westerners think that Chinese people tend to avoid saying “no” directly. What are the common ways in which the Chinese express disagreement, rejection or refusal in daily communication? Chinese people generally use expressions like “possibly no” or “I’m afraid it won’t work” to say “no” to others. This makes them less direct in giving rejections. 2. Are all Chinese so “discreet and modest” that there aren’t even words for “no”? No. When people with greater authority or power say “no” to those in a lower status (e.g. parents to children), they can be very direct and straightforward, e. g. “absolutely no”. 1.What are the common structures Americans use to compliment each other? (a) What a …! (e.g. “What a nice hat!”) (b) ____________________________________. (Give one structure and one example) 2. Are there any differences between Chinese and American cultures in how people compliment each other and how they respond to a compliment? Listen to a radio program on compliments in American English. Complete the answers to the following questions according to what you hear. 1. What are the common structures Americans use to compliment each other? (a) What a …! (e.g. “What a nice hat!”) (b) ___________________________________ (Give one structure and one example) I like your … (e.g. “I like your hat.”) I love your … (e.g. “I love your shoes.”) 2.Are there any differences between Chinese and American cultures in how people compliment each other and how they respond to a compliment? Yes, the traditional way is to say something to show that we or the object we own is not that good. For example, we may say “哪里” (meaning “it is nothing”). But in modern days, many people have adopted the English way of responding to a compliment. They say “thank you” very often too. China is casting such a huge __________ on the United States that many Americans are ______________ to learn the Chinese language _____________ retain their competitive edge. “Interest in learning Chinese among American youth and their parents has grown dramatically in the past five years.” Listen to a short passage and fill in the missing information.shadow To be continuedTo be continuedscrambling in a bid to said Vivien Stewart, vice president at the Asia Society, a US group trying to __________________ between Americans and the peoples of Asia and the Pacific. China’s dramatic rise to near superpower ________ and its telling effects politically, economically, bridge the gapstatus Listen to a short passage and fill in the missing information.To be continuedTo be continued and ___________ are driving the interest to learn the language, experts say. From_________________ to high schools, studies by the Asia Society show, there is a “rapid rise” in __________ among pupils to study the Chinese language. ”culturallykindergartensListen to a short passage and fill in the missing information.To be continuedTo be continuedinterest The Chinese rich cultural traditions and blossoming economy mean that is now ______________ all of our students to be better prepared to engage them and _______ opportunities together,” said Michael Levine, Asia Society’s executive director of education. essential forListen to a short passage and fill in the missing information.seize Questions Previewing1. What does Chinese Americans refer to? 2. What stereotypes of Chinese Americans are depicted in the media?TipsTipsTipsTipsTipsTipsTipsTipsCultural BackgroundCultural BackgroundChinese Americans3. What are the popular columns in the history of the New York Times Magazine?TipsTipsTipsTips 1. What does Chinese Americans refer to?The term “Chinese Americans” refers to Americans of Chinese descent. It also includes those with partial Chinese ancestry.Cultural BackgroundCultural Backgroundthe United Arab Emirates 2. What stereotypes of Chinese Americans are depicted in the media?•Chinese Americans are “foreign” and “unassimilated”. • Chinese are alien predators. • Chinese Americans are restricted to clichéd occupations.• Chinese Americans are polite. • Chinese Americans as a whole are a model minority.Cultural BackgroundCultural Backgroundthe United Arab Emirates 3. What are the popular columns in the history of the New York Times Magazine?Some of the popular columns in the history of the magazine are “On Language”, “The Ethicist”, “Consumed”, and “The Funny Pages”.Cultural BackgroundCultural Backgroundthe United Arab Emirates Main Idea & StructureMain Idea & StructureLanguage FocusLanguage FocusCritical ThinkingCritical Thinking Text Study5UNITSpeaking Chinese in AmericaSpeaking Chinese in America Why did the author’s mother describe her Sau-sau by using the expression “nominal courtesy” at the dinner? (Para.1)TipsTipsTipsTipsShe just pretended to be polite. (ate up the dish in the end; although she didn’t want it at first.) When the author’s mother offered the lastscallop from the garlic seafood dish, Sau-sau’s response: (Para.2)Sighed.(Para. 7)Full, I’m already full. (Para.5)B’yao, zhen b’yao!(Para.3) What did the author’s mother suggest as the right way for the Chinese to respond at the dinner table in America? (Para. 8)TipsTipsTipsTips They say directly whether they want to have anything or not. They would rather than refuse for the sake of politeness even if they in fact want to eat it. A story about a family dinner to introduce the topic of the essay, i.e. whether Chinese languageand culture are _______________.Part I — (Paras. 1- __)9 indirect and polite How did the article in The New York Times Magazine describe Chinese language and culture? (Para.10)Main Ideas of the PartsMain Idea & StructureMain Idea & StructureTipsTipsTipsTipsIt said that Chinese language and culture were very indirect and polite. As any child of immigrant parents knows, there is a special kind of _______________ attached to knowing two languages. (Para.12)double bind Why did the author’s parents scold her when she answered them with a question? (Paras.13-17)TipsTipsTipsTipsThey thought that she was notrespectful if she questioned them. If I consider my upbringing carefully, I find there was nothing __________ about the Chinese language I grew up with, no censorship for the sake of _____________. My parents made everything abundantly clear in their _______________ demands: “Of course you will become a famous aerospace engineer,” they prodded. (Para.18)discreetpolitenessconsecutive Para. 20Having listened to both Chinese and English, I’m suspicious of ____________ between the two languages, as I notice the reciprocal ____________ they each present. English speakers say Chinese is extremely difficult because different words can be denoted by very subtle variations in tone. English is often bracketed with the label of _____________, a language of too many broken parisons challengesnot reliableinconsistency In Paragraph 21, the author mentions how an outside observer might view Chinese people by just listening to her mother speak. Why does she discuss this? TipsTipsTipsTipsTo support her opinion that to understand the difference between languages and behavior just through literal translation may lead to wrong generalizations. What did the author worry? (Para. 22)TipsTipsTipsTips• See Chinese people from a limited perspective; • Lead to actual intolerance and few Chinese in top management positions; • The power of language. How does the author feel about the description of Chinese people as being “modest and polite”? (Para. 24)TipsTipsTipsTipsShe feels that it is annoying becausesuch a description does not express new ideas, honest emotions or considered thought. Part II — (Paras. 10-26)The author examines in detail the American view about Chinese language and culture and rebuts it with stories and observations from her own life. According to the text, how do Chinese people say “yes” or “no” when answering questions? (Para. 28)TipsTipsTipsTips•Saying something specific to what is asked because there is no one word in Chinese for “yes” or “no”.•Referring directly to the proposition being asserted or denied. Part III — (Paras. 27-31)There is no one word in Chinese for “yes” or “no”, which is not because Chinese people are discreet, but because their answer is specific to what is asked. A story about a family dinner to introduce the topic of the essay, i.e. whether Chinese language and culture are indirect and polite. (Paras. 1-9)Introduction Refutation against the American view that Chinese language and culture are indirect and polite. (Paras. 10-26)IntroductionBody There is no one word in Chinese for “yes” or “no”, which is not because Chinese people are discreet, but because their answer is specific to what is asked. (Paras. 27-31)IntroductionBodyConclusion IntroductionBodyConclusion Speaking Chinese in America Once, at a dinner, my mother whispered to me confidentially: “Sau-sau pretends too hard to be a polite __________! Why bother with such nominal ___________? In the end, she always takes everything.” My mother no longer patient with old taboos and courtesies. recipient courtesyTo be continuedTo be continued I read an article in The New York Times Magazine, where the author mentioned that the interwoven _______________ of Chinese language and culture renders its speech indirect and polite. Chinese people are so “_________ and modest”, that there aren’t even words for “yes” and “no”. configurationdiscreet To be continuedTo be continued If I consider my upbringing carefully, I find there was nothing discreet about the Chinese language I grew up with, no ____________ for the sake of politeness. Having listened to both Chinese and English, I’m ______________ comparisons between the two languages, as I notice the reciprocal challenges they each present. censorshipsuspicious ofTo be continuedTo be continued Even more dangerous is the temptation to view the _____ between different languages and behavior in translation. There is no one word for “yes” or “no”, but not _________________ to be discreet. ____________, I would say the Chinese equivalent of answering “yes” or “no” is specific to what is asked. gulfIf anythingout of necessity Practical PhrasesPractical Phrases Specific Specific Meanings Meanings1. be attached to与……有联系2. on the side作为副业；作为兼职3. get / come to the point 切入主题4. hedge … in with / by … 以……限制某人（的自由、 机会等）； 包围；围住5. be representative of有代表性的；代表……的6. if anything 如果有什么不同；甚至正 相反；甚至还不如说 与与…………有联系有联系(an accident / blame / be attached to) Don’t worry because it was an accident and no blame is attached to students.be attached to短语逆译短语应用不要担心，因为这仅是意外，学生不应该受到指责。
意群提示 作为副业；作为副业；作为兼职作为兼职(make sculptures / on the side)Her husband is a doctor who makes sculptures on the side. on the side短语逆译短语应用她的丈夫是个医生，业余时间做些雕塑意群提示 切入主题切入主题(not have much time / come to the point)We don’t have much time, so I’ll come straight to the point.get / come to the point 短语逆译短语应用我们时间不多，所以我就直入主题吧意群提示 以以…………限制某人限制某人（的自由、机会等）（的自由、机会等）；； 包围；围住包围；围住(politicians / hedge in with) It is clear that politicians are often hedged in with their own interests.hedge … in with / by … 短语逆译短语应用很明显，政客们通常受到本身利益的制约。
意群提示 有代表性的；有代表性的；代表代表…………的的(be representative of / dominant / literary themes ) These short stories are representative of the dominant literary themes of the 20th century. be representative of短语逆译短语应用这些短篇小说代表了20世纪具有主导性的文学主题意群提示 如果有什么不同；如果有什么不同；甚至正相反；甚甚至正相反；甚至还不如说至还不如说(losing / if anything / relieve) Xiao Ming didn’t seem too disappointed at losing. If anything, he seemed relieved that it was all over.if anything短语逆译短语应用小明看上去对输掉比赛并不是太失望相反，他好像因为比赛都已结束而感到如释重负意群提示 Functional Functional Patterns Patterns Functions & Usages Functions & Usages1. Why + v. / n. / prep. phrase用于含蓄地表达观点。
2. If I consider my upbringing carefully, I find there was nothing discreet / important about sth. / sb. I grew up with….用于表示“通过个人经历而形成的对某人/事的正确认识”3. At this junction, I do agree in part with sth.用于表示“部分认同” 何必费劲讲究形式上的客套呢？原句译文原句译文逆译练习逆译练习Why bother with such nominal courtesy?句型提句型提炼 why + v. / n. / prep. phrase句型提炼句型提炼应用提示应用提示用于含蓄地表达观点句型句型应用用 (TV program) 典型例句你可以在电脑上看电视节目，何必费劲买个电视机呢？意群提示You can watch TV programs on the computer, so why a television? 仔细想想自己的成长过程，我发现，我从小到大所接触到的中文并不是什么特别谨慎的语言原句译文原句译文逆译练习逆译练习If I consider my upbringing carefully, I find there was nothing discreet about the Chinese language I grew up with.句型提句型提炼 If I consider my upbringing carefully, I find there was nothing discreet / difficult about sth. / sb. I grew up with….句型提炼句型提炼应用提示应用提示 用于表达“通过个人经历而形成的对某人/事的正确认识”。
句型句型应用用 (upbringing / grow up with) 典型例句仔细想想自己的成长过程，我发现，我从小到大所接触到的英文并不是什么特别难的语言意群提示If I consider my upbringing carefully, I find there was nothing difficult about the English language I grew up with. 在这一点上，我的确在某种程度上同意《纽约时报杂志》的那篇文章原句译文原句译文逆译练习逆译练习At this junction, I do agree in part with The New York Times Magazine article.句型提句型提炼 At this junction, I do agree in part with sth.句型提炼句型提炼应用提示应用提示 用于表达“部分认同”句型句型应用用 (At this junction / agree in part with / raise)典型例句在这一点上，我的确在某种程度上同意女孩要富养的理念意群提示At this junction, I do agree in part with the idea that daughters should be raised in richness and happiness. 生于移民家庭的孩子都清楚，有一种特殊的两难境地与说两种语言的生活联系在一起。
a. As any child of immigrant parents knows, there is a special kind of double bind attached to knowing two languages. (Para. 12，L1) 由于一直同时听着中英文两种语言，故而我对它们之间的任何对比总是心存怀疑，因为我注意到它们各自都有对方所没有的难点 b. Having listened to both Chinese and English, I’m suspicious of comparisons between the two languages, as I notice the reciprocal challenges they each present. (Para. 20, L1) 我担心语言的力量，即如果一个人将一件事说了很多遍，无论其是否有恶意，这件事都会变成事实 c. I worry about the power of language: If one says anything enough times, it might become true with or without malicious intent. (Para. 22,L4) 1 Do you know of any stereotype of a foreign country, its people, or its language? Have you ever met anyone who either fits or contradicts this image, and in what way?2If you are going to live in a foreign country for a number of years, what would you prefer to do: to adapt your behavior and manners to the culture of that country, or to stick to the norms of your own culture?TipsTipsTipsTipsTipsTipsTipsTips • Yes. French people are romantic, and the French language is beautiful; Italians are fashionable, and Italy has the best cuisine in the world. I have watched many movies in which French people are indeed romantic, although I have never met any French in person. A common scene in the movies is that a French man gives flowers to his girlfriend or wife, or two persons meet by chance and fall in love quickly.1.Do you know of any stereotype of a foreign country, its people, or its language? Have you ever met anyone who either fits or contradicts this image, and in what way? • No. I think people in different countries or cultures of the world have more similarities than differences. For instance, we all consider such values as honesty, diligence and patriotism important qualities of being a good man or a good citizen. Hence, I think there are no essential differences between peoples or cultures, and I don’t have any stereotype of any foreign country, its people, or its language. 2. If you are going to live in a foreign country for a number of years, what would you prefer to do: to adapt your behavior and manners to the culture of that country, or to stick to the norms of your own culture? • I will try to adapt my habits to local norms. For example, I will follow their rules of dining, body language and gift giving. • I would prefer to maintain Chinese traditions. Modern people value cultural diversity, so, I think people of the foreign country I live in will respect my choice.TipsTipsTipsTips Watch a video clip and discuss the following question.Video WatchingTipsTipsTipsTipsWhat would you suggest as good ways for people to avoid misunderstandings of foreign cultures? Back TipsTipsTipsTips• Look for information about those cultures;• Visit foreign countries, which will enable us to experience their cultures in person and understand them better; • Make friends with foreigners who are traveling or are living in our country; Communicating with them in daily life will help us know their customs.What would you suggest as good ways for people to avoid misunderstandings of foreign cultures? 5UNIT Language ApplicationWriting DevicesWriting DevicesOral ReproductionOral ReproductionParagraph TranslationParagraph TranslationSpeaking Chinese in AmericaSpeaking Chinese in America Write a narrative with direct dialog A narrative essay tells a story. Important elements that make up a story include a setting (the location), a theme (the basic idea), a mood (the feeling or atmosphere), characters (people), and a plot (the sequence of events). One way to present these elements is to use dialog. A good narrative essay often employs vivid dialog, through which it can bring characters to life and effectively arouse readers’ emotional responses. to be continuedto be continued Write a narrative with direct dialog Dialog is the verbal exchanges between two or more characters. There are two ways to tell the words of the characters. One is direct dialog, in which the exact words spoken by a character are quoted. These words are presented in quotation marks and attributed to the speaker. The other is indirect dialog, in which the words of a character are paraphrased and not put in quotation marks. to be continuedto be continued When writing direct dialog, we should follow the standard conventions of punctuation and formatting. The basic principles are as follows: 1.Use quotation marks to indicate the exactwords spoken by characters. 2. Begin a new paragraph whenever the speaker changes. 3. Make sure readers always know who is speaking. Dialog tags (e.g. “He said”) are sometimes used to identify the speaker. 4. Use correct punctuation marks and capitalization. to be continuedto be continued Example:“Clean up your room,” Mother said, “or you’re not going to the movie!” Jim shouted, “That’s not fair! It’s Ben’s room too!” “Ben will be home later to take care of his half. Now, are you going to get started?” Mother scolded. “I guess so,” muttered Jim. “Why doesn’t Ben ever have to do anything around here?” “He does plenty,” Mother said. Jim said, “I never see him do much of anything but study.” “Well,” answered Mother, “you’re never around very much.” Read the following outline and the sample essay. Topic:A person special to me Introduction:My friend Jerry is a special person because he always chooses a good mood, and for him attitude is everything. to be continuedto be continued Body:• He is a natural motivator. • He chooses to learn from bad things rather than to be a victim of them. • He survived a gunshot injury with optimism. Conclusion:Restate the main idea: Attitude, after all, is everything. to be continuedto be continued SampleSample: : Each morning when we wake up, we have two choices to start the day: to embrace it in a good mood, or to complain of it in a bad mood. Most people sometimes choose one, and sometimes the other. My friend Jerry, however, is a special person because he always chooses a good mood, and for him attitude is everything. Jerry is a natural motivator. He once worked as a restaurant manager. to be continuedto be continued SampleSample: : There were several waiters who followed him around from restaurant to restaurant. They wanted to work with him because of his attitude. If anyone was having a bad day, Jerry was always there cheering him up. This really made me curious, so one day I went up to Jerry and asked him, “I don’t get it! You can’t be happy all the time. How do you do it?” Jerry replied, “When something bad happens, I can choose to be a victim or I can choose to learn from it. I choose to learn from it.” to be continuedto be continued SampleSample: : “Yeah, right, but it’s not that easy,” I protested. “Yes, it is,” Jerry said. “Life is all about choices. It’s your choice how to live life.” Soon after that, I left the restaurant industry. We lost touch, but I often thought of him whenever I needed to make a choice in life. Several years later, I heard that Jerry was badly hurt in a gunshot incident. to be continuedto be continued SampleSample: : One morning he left the back door of his restaurant open and was held up at gunpoint by an armed robber. When the alarm went off, the robber panicked and shot him. Jerry was sent to the hospital and stayed in intensive care for weeks. It was a miracle that he survived. I visited Jerry after the incident. “Weren’t you scared?” I asked. “Yeah, I was scared, especially when they wheeled me into the emergency room. But I chose to live.” to be continuedto be continued SampleSample: : “What did you do?” “Well, when the nurse asked me if I was allergic to anything, I yelled, ‘Yes, bullets!’ They all laughed.” Jerry recovered, thanks to the doctors, and to his positive attitude. I learned from him that we have the choice every day to live fully and happily. Attitude, after all, is everything. Writing practiceDirections: Write a narrative essay of no less than 200 words on one of the following topics. Your essay should include one or more direct dialogs. One topic has an outline that you can follow. Topic: A frustrating experience Introduction: Introduce the background of the story andstate your thesis.Body: Describe what happened to you in detail. Be sureto include one or more direct dialogs in your descriptions.Conclusion:Conclude your essay with a final thought about the experience, or a lesson learned from it. More topics:• An unforgettable experience • A difficult decision Write an essay by the following writing pattern of the text. You may apply as many expressions from the text as possible to your writing.Writing Essay writing Essay writing W W rite an essay on the following topic. You can follow the outline given below.To be continuedTo be continuedWriting Essay writing Essay writing Part I. Introduction You may include the following points:introduce the background of the story and state your thesis. You can follow the outline given below.Part II. BodyDescribe what happened to you in detail. Be sure to include one or more direct dialogs in your descriptions.To be continuedTo be continuedEssay WritingEssay WritingWriting You can follow the outline given below.To be continuedTo be continuedEssay WritingEssay WritingWriting Part III ConclusionConclude your essay with a final thought about the experience, or a lesson learned from it. You may adopt the following expressions.I did not speak English well and had difficulty in …; Why bother with such …?As it turned out, I had the most frustrating experience; I read an article in … on …, where the author mentioned that …;As sb. knows, there is a special kind of double bind attached to sth.Tears formed in my eyes as I thought I would….; Essay WritingEssay WritingWriting Translate several paragraphs based on a summary of the text by using the expressions from the text. 有一次，在用餐时，我母亲私下悄悄地对我说：“嫂嫂想做个彬彬有礼的客人，但是装装得得太厉害了！何必费费劲劲讲究形式上的客套呢？到最后她还是什么都要。
我母亲已经不耐烦老一套的禁忌和礼数礼数了 我在《纽约时报杂志》上读到过一篇文章作者在文章中提到，中国语言与文化错综交织错综交织，使中文十分委婉和客套中国人是如此 pretend to bother withTo be continuedTo be continuedcourtesiesinterwoven configuration “谨慎和谦虚谨慎和谦虚”，以至于他们都没有词语来表达“是”和“不是”仔细想想自己的成长过程，我发现，我从小到大所接触到的中文并不是什么特别谨慎的语言，也不存在出于出于客气而对所说的话进行仔细检查的现象由于一直同时听着中英文两种语言，故而我对它们之间的任何对比总是心存怀疑心存怀疑，因为我注意到它们各自都有对方所没有的难点discreet and modestfor the sake of suspicious of To be continuedTo be continued 在我看来，更危险的做法是，人们倾向于通过翻译来理解不同语言和行为之间的差异差异在中文里，没有哪一个字专门用于表达“是”或“不是”，但这并非是因为需要因为需要保持谨慎。
若的确有什么不同的话，那我会说中文里对应的“是”或“不是”的表达通常是针对所问的具体内容具体内容而定的gulfout of necessity specific to SampleSample Once, at a dinner, my mother whispered to me confidentially: “Sau-sau pretends too hard to be a polite recipient! Why bother with such nominal courtesy? In the end, she always takes everything.” My mother no longer patient with old taboos and courtesies. I read an article in The New York Times Magazine, where the author mentioned that the interwoven configuration of Chinese language and culture renders its speech indirect and polite. Chinese people are so “discreet and modest”, that there aren’t even words for “yes” and “no”.To be continuedTo be continued If I consider my upbringing carefully, I find there was nothing discreet about the Chinese language I grew up with, no censorship for the sake of politeness. Having listened to both Chinese and English, I’m suspicious of comparisons between the two languages, as I notice the reciprocal challenges they each present. Even more dangerous, in my view, is the temptation to view the gulf between different languages and behavior in translation. There is no one word for “yes” or “no”, but not out of necessity to be discreet. If anything, I would say the Chinese equivalent of answering “yes” or “no” is specific to what is asked. Thematic studyThematic study5UNIT SummaryRevision of Revision of the Useful Expressionsthe Useful ExpressionsRevision of Revision of the Functional Patternsthe Functional PatternsSpeaking Chinese in AmericaSpeaking Chinese in America 1 （使）饿死2 进退两难的困境3 与……有联系 4 是……的特征5 为了6 作为副业；作为兼职7 感觉（某人或某事） 不可信任；怀疑starve (sb. / oneself) to death be attached to be a quality offor the sake ofon the sidedouble bindbe suspicious of 8 切入主题 9 离题；漫游；闲逛 10 以……限制某人（的自由、 机会等）； 包围；围住 11 有代表性的；代表……的 12 外在行为 13 在某种程度上 14 如果有什么不同；甚至正 相反；甚至还不如说 15 涉及；指的是get / come to the point wander aroundhedge … in with / by … be representative of exterior behaviorin partif anythingrefer to Functions & Usages Functions & Usages Sentence Sentence Patterns Patterns1. 1.用于含蓄地表达观点。
用于含蓄地表达观点2. 2.用于表示用于表示““通过个人经历通过个人经历 而形成的对某人而形成的对某人/ /事的正事的正 确认识确认识””3. 3.用于表示用于表示““部分认同部分认同””Why + v. / n. / prep. phraseIf I consider my upbringing carefully, I find there was nothing discreet /important about sth. / sb. I grew up with …At this junction, I do agree in part with sth. 5UNITThe endSpeaking Chinese in AmericaSpeaking Chinese in America 。
