
2020年中考英语复习之重点核心词汇详解5F字部.docx
7页2020 年中考英语复习之重点核心词汇详解专题五 F 字部1. factn.事实,实际关联词组:in fact 事实上,实际上;as a matter of fact 确切地讲,事实上用法:The fact is (that)+从句,表示“事实是……”;fact 后面还可以接 that 引导的同位语从句,表示 fact 的具体内容,例如:Don’t forget the fact that they are only children.别忘了他们只是孩子的事实同义词:truth=reality n.事实,真相(2019,北京卷,阅读 D)Most said students should spend less time memorizing facts and have more space forcreative activities.2. failv.失败;不及格 表示“失败,没有成功”,常用句式有 fail in sth.或者 fail to do sth. 表示“未做某事,未履行某事”,也可用于 fail to do sth.句式 表示“不及格,未通过(考试,测验)”,可以接宾语,也可不接:fail the test 考试不及格词性转换:failure n.失败;(机器)故障;未做反义词:succeed v.成功;pass v.通过(测试)(2019,浙江卷,完形)This time it became so profound. Then and there I ___20___ to find myself back. That was exactly-what I did.20. A. failed B. forgot C. decided D. continued3. fairadj.公平的,合理的关联词组:to be fair 公平地说;fair enough 有道理,说得对;fair play/competition 公平竞争,公平比赛熟词僻义:fair 还可以当名词(n.)使用,表示:游乐场:Let’s take the kids to the fair. 咱们带孩子们到游乐场吧。
交易会,展览会:world’s fair 世界博览会;international fair 国际博览会;job fair 招聘会词性转换:fairly adv.公正地;相当地;fairness n.公正性,公平合理性同义词:just adj.公平的反义词:unfair adj.不公平的(2019,北京卷,阅读 D)This doesn’t just happen in China, but it’s fair to say the Chinese people show more loveto their country.4. famousadj.著名的,出名的关联词组:be famous for 因……而闻名词性转换:fame n.名声,名誉同义词:well-known adj.著名的,有名气的反义词:infamous adj.臭名昭著的(2019,浙江卷,阅读 D)38. Which of the following statements is TRUE about the passage?A. The writer lives a busy life in Mentone.B. Millet was finally made a famous artist.C. Millet painted best among the four friends.D. The story was written in memory of Millet.5. faradj.远的,较远的;adv.远地;很,非常词形变化:比较级 farther/further,最高级 the farthest/the furthest关联词组:so far 到目前为止;as far as I know 据我所知 far 作形容词时,表示距离远的,通常用于 be far from 结构,但不与具体的数字连用。
例如:误:The station is two kilometers far (away) from here.正:The station is two kilometers away from here. far 更多用作副词,尤其是修饰形容词或副词的比较级,或与 too 连用,表示程度,译为“……得多,远远……,大大……;太……”:He is far more careful than me.他比我仔细得多He was at the station far too early.他去车站去得太早反义词:near adj.附近的(2019,北京卷,短文阅读)The farther in they went, he thought, the harder the ice would become.6. farmn.农场,农庄;v.种田,务农关联词组:on a farm 在农场(不用 in);a pig/cattle/chicken farm 养猪/牛/鸡场;farm land 农业用地词性转换:farmer n.农民;farming n.农业;耕作(2019,山东卷,阅读 B)Because working with horses has helped Rowan, Rupert set up The Horse Boy Foundationon his farm in Texas.7. favouriteadj.最喜爱的;n.最受喜爱的人或物美式拼写:favorite 作形容词时,favorite 前面要加形容词性物主代词或者名词所有格:his favorite movie;Jim’s favorite sport; favorite 可以换成 like…best 结构:My favorite subject is science=I like science best. 作名词时,favorite 后面不再跟名词:Sunday is my favorite.词性转换:favor v.更喜欢,偏袒;n.恩惠;支持;favorable adj.赞成的,有利的(2019,江苏卷,完形)When I'm asked to name my favourite place to eat in Suzhou, I will reply ___13___.13. A. right away B. in surprise C. at most D. over there8. feedv.喂养,饲养;养活词形变化:过去式 fed,过去分词 fed关联词组:feed on sth.以……为食;feed sb. up(用大量食物)养肥,养壮;feed sb. sth.=feed sth. to sb.给某人喂……吃;be fed up with 厌烦了……,厌倦了……(2019,山东卷,阅读 C)As we all know, China has the largest population all over the world. It was difficult tofeedthe largest population in the past.9. fieldn.田地,场地;实地,现场;领域关联词组:corn/rice/wheat field 棉花/水稻/小麦田;football/baseball field 足球/棒球场;track and field 田径(赛)filed study/research 实地研究用法:可以作为“量词”,用于 a field of…结构,表示“一片……田”。
熟词僻义:field 的引申意义表示“领域”、“界”,相当于 area,常用结构为 in the field of…在……领域,在……界:She is famous in the field of music.她在音乐界很出名2019,浙江卷,阅读 C)The antenna of FAST in Guizhou, China, the latest and largest radio telescope in the world,is 500 metres in diameter, as large as the size of 30 football fields.10. fightv.&n..打架,打仗;争论;竞争,争取词形变化:过去式 fought,过去分词 fought动词词组:fight for 为……而战(奋斗);fight against 反对,对抗,与……作斗争;fight with 与……并肩战斗;与……打架;fight back 回击;fight on 继续战斗;fight off 击退名词词组:be in/get into a fight (with sb.) (over/about sth.) (因某事)(同某人)打起来了;a street/gang fight街头/帮派打斗近义词:war n.战争,斗争(2019,浙江卷,阅读 C)The year was 1859. America and England had already fought two wars. Now, they wereat peace. But one day a pig got hungry. And it nearly caused another war between the two countries.11. finaladj.最后的,终极的,决定性的;n.决赛;期末考试形容词词组:final decision 最后决定;final product 最终产品,最后产物;final exam 期末考试;final result 最终结果;final report 总结报告;final round 最终角逐名词词组:the World Cup final 世界杯总决赛;be through to/reach the final 打进决赛词性转换:finally=at last=in the end adv.最后,终于(2019,浙江卷,完形)I even took art class though I had really wanted to take theatre. I finally fitted in ___11___ group.11. A. my B. her C. his D. our12. finishv.结束,做完用法: finish 可以作及物动词,后面接名词作宾语;还可以接 V-ing 形式,不能接 to do sth.:I haven’t finished reading this book yet.我还没有读完这本书。
finish 也可作不及物动词,后面不接宾语:What time does school finish?学校什么时候放学?同义词:complete v.完成;end v.结束,终止(2019,北京卷,单项填空)4.— Lily, _____ yo。
