Book5unit1Grammar.ppt

Senior 2 English GroupSenior 2 English GroupGrammar learning The Past Participle asThe Past Participle as the the attribute and predicativeattribute and predicative1. John Snow was a well-known doctor in London2.They exposed themselves to cholera. He got inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera.3.Neither its cause, nor its cure was understood.4.He knew he would never be controlled until its cause was found.5.People absorbed this disease into their bodies with their meals. From the stomach the disease attacked the body quickly and soon the affected person was dead6.It came from the river, which had been polluted by the dirty water from London7.He told the astonished people in Broad Street to remove the handle from the water pump so it could not be used8.In addition, he found 2 other deaths in another part of London that were linked to the Broad Street outbreak.9.He announced that polluted water carried the disease.10.He suggested that the source of all water supplies be examined and that new methods of dealing with polluted water be found. The water companies were also instructed not to expose people to the polluted water anymore11.Because they were given free beer and so had not drunk the water from the Broad Street pumpused asThe ground is covered by (fall) leaves.fallenfallen1 1．．Past Participle used as attributePast Participle used as attribute These (want) people are from Hong KongwantedwantedThis will be the best novel of its kind ever (write).writtenwrittenthatthat hashas everever beenbeen writtenwritten.Who were the so-called guests (invite) to Jacky Chuang’s concert last month?invitedinvitedthatthat hadhad beenbeen invitedinvitedShe is drinking (boil) water.boiledboiledShe is drinking the water which was boiledboiled.a broken hearta broken heart a lost doga lost dog an organized tripan organized trip 一颗破碎的心一颗破碎的心一颗破碎的心一颗破碎的心 丧家之犬丧家之犬丧家之犬丧家之犬 有组织的旅行有组织的旅行有组织的旅行有组织的旅行 a heart which is brokena dog which is losta trip which is organizedComplete the table with phrases that Complete the table with phrases that have the same meaning.have the same meaning.terrified peopleterrified peoplepeople who are terrifiedpeople who are terrifiedreserved seatsreserved seatsseats which are reservedseats which are reservedpolluted waterpolluted waterwater that is pollutedwater that is polluteda crowded rooma crowded rooma room that is crowdeda room that is crowdeda pleased winnera pleased winnera winner who is pleaseda winner who is pleased一、过去分词作定语一、过去分词作定语1 1、、单单个个的的过过去去分分词词作作定定语语时时一一般般兼兼有有被被动动和和完完成成的意义，常作前置定语。

的意义，常作前置定语 eg：：a lostlost animal 一只迷路的动物一只迷路的动物 a usedused stamp 一枚用过的邮票一枚用过的邮票 an injuredinjured finger 一个受伤的手指一个受伤的手指 a brokenbroken coin 一枚破损的硬币一枚破损的硬币 a lightedlighted candle 一支点燃的蜡烛一支点燃的蜡烛 注意：过去分词作定语时，有时只有被动意义注意：过去分词作定语时，有时只有被动意义 e.g.：： 英语口语英语口语 spoken Englishwritten exercises书面练习少少数数表表示示位位移移或或状状态态改改变变的的不不及及物物动动词词的的过过去分词只有完成的意义去分词只有完成的意义fallenfallen leaves 落叶落叶 the risenrisen sun 升起来的太阳升起来的太阳the advancedadvanced countries 发达国家发达国家 drunkendrunken man 一个醉鬼一个醉鬼a returnedreturned student 一名留学生一名留学生 a retiredretired teacher 一名退休教师一名退休教师an escapedescaped prisoner 一名逃跑的囚犯一名逃跑的囚犯 by-goneby-gone days 过去的岁月过去的岁月2 2、过去分词作后置定语，表示被动或完成意义、过去分词作后置定语，表示被动或完成意义。

e.g.：：How I regretted the hours wastedwasted in the woods!我多懊悔在树林浪费的时光啊我多懊悔在树林浪费的时光啊I like wearing clothes mademade of this kind of cloth．．我喜欢穿这种布料做的衣服我喜欢穿这种布料做的衣服e.g.：：The books writtenwritten by Lu Xun are popular．．鲁迅写的书很受欢迎鲁迅写的书很受欢迎We’ll go to visit the bridge builtbuilt hundreds of years ago．． 我们要去看那座建于几百年前的桥我们要去看那座建于几百年前的桥Practice: Change the following Past Participle into clauses.1）） He told us of the great wrong done to him.= He told us of the great wrong ___________________________ to him. which had been done注注：：本本句句中中的的过过去去分分词词作作定定语语，，既既表表被被动又表完成。

动又表完成2）） The United States is a developed country. = The United Stated is a country ______________________ .which has developed注：本句中的过去分词作定语，只表示完成注：本句中的过去分词作定语，只表示完成3）） Have you noticed the bridge being built there?= Have you noticed the bridge ______________________ there?which is being built注注：：本本句句中中的的过过去去分分词词作作定定语语，，表表示示被被动动的的动作正在进行动作正在进行2. Past Participle used as predicative2. Past Participle used as predicativeThe shop is (close).closedclosed Cleaning women in big cities usually get ____(pay) by the hour. paidpaidThere are two glasses which are (break)brokenbrokenThere are two brokenbroken glassesThe person who feels (excite) is RonaldoexcitedexcitedThe excitedexcited person is Ronaldo.astonished childrenastonished childrenchildren who look children who look astonishedastonisheda broken vasea broken vasea vase that is brokena vase that is brokena closed doora closed doora door that is closeda door that is closeda trapped animala trapped animalan animal that is trappedan animal that is trappedthe tired audiencethe tired audiencethe audience who feel tiredthe audience who feel tiredComplete the table with phrases Complete the table with phrases that have the same meaning.that have the same meaning.二、过去分词作表语二、过去分词作表语1 1、、过过去去分分词词作作表表语语，，表表示示主主语语的的特特点点或或所所处处的的状状态态，，其其前前的的系系动动词词有有包包括括bebe在在内内的的多多种种形式。

形式 e.g.：：Everyone present is very inspired at his speech．． 听了他的发言，在场的所有人都很振奋听了他的发言，在场的所有人都很振奋 You seem frightened. 你似乎受了惊吓你似乎受了惊吓2 2、、过过去去分分词词作作表表语语，，构构成成的的系系表表结结构构与与被动语态的区别：被动语态的区别： 过过去去分分词词作作表表语语，，强强调调主主语语的的特特点点或或所所处处的的状状态态；；而而被被动动语语态态中中，，主主语语是是动动词所表示动作的承受者词所表示动作的承受者 e.g.：：This shop is now closedclosed．． 这家商店现在已经关门了这家商店现在已经关门了 (状态状态) ) This shop is closedclosed at 6 pm every day．． 这家商店每天这家商店每天6 6点关门 (动作动作）） Practice: Complete the sentences using the past participle as the predicative.1. 丢了钱他自责不已。

丢了钱他自责不已He ______________ about losing the money.2、你为什么总是看上很疲劳？这些日子睡得好吗？、你为什么总是看上很疲劳？这些日子睡得好吗？ Why do you always _______________ ? Do you sleep well these days?3.我对昨晚看的电影很失望我原以为它能好些我对昨晚看的电影很失望我原以为它能好些 I _____________________ the film I saw last night, I had expected it to be better.got blamedlook so tiredwas disappointed with4.听听说说那那位位明明星星死死了了，，人人人人都都很很惊惊讶讶 Everybody ____________to hear the death of the famous film star．．5.要去动物园了，孩子们非常兴奋要去动物园了，孩子们非常兴奋 The children ______________________ going to the zoo．．6.他的伤口感染了一种新病毒他的伤口感染了一种新病毒. His wound ___________________ a new virus．．was shockedare really excited aboutbecame infected with Most of the newspapers which were with this famous star reported the news of his death. concernedconcerned Choose appropriate verbs, using the past participle. Explain the use of the past participle in each sentenceworry interest arrive frighten prepare continue concernpredicative1. They were They were preparedprepared to accept my idea. to accept my idea.2. He was He was frightenedfrightened of going alone into the empty of going alone into the empty house.house.3.The mayor said that he was The mayor said that he was worriedworried about the about the continuedcontinued rise of the water level in the river bed. rise of the water level in the river bed.4.Recently Recently arrivedarrived soldiers are helping to take the soldiers are helping to take the victims to safe areas from the flood.victims to safe areas from the flood.5.Most of the newspaper seems to be Most of the newspaper seems to be concernedconcerned with pop stars. with pop stars.6.I’ll be I’ll be interestedinterested to hear what he has to say. to hear what he has to say. worry interest arrive frighten prepare continue concernattributepredicativeI will be interested to hear his interesting story.1. .语态上语态上现在分词现在分词: : 表示主动的动作表示主动的动作过去分词过去分词: : 表示已经或被动的动作表示已经或被动的动作I heard someone opening the door .I heard the door opened .2. .时间上时间上现在分词现在分词: : 表示正在进行的动作表示正在进行的动作过去分词过去分词: : 表示完成的意思表示完成的意思 the rising sun the risen sun the falling leaves the fallen leaves boiling water boiled water3. . 现在分词表示它所修饰的名词或句子现在分词表示它所修饰的名词或句子主语的主语的特征、特性特征、特性。

过去分词表示它所修饰的名词或句子过去分词表示它所修饰的名词或句子主语的主语的心理感受或状态心理感受或状态At the sight of the scene, all the people present were to tears.看到这么动人的情景，所有在场看到这么动人的情景，所有在场的人都感动得流下了眼泪的人都感动得流下了眼泪movemovedmovedmovingmovingWe get when we see this picture.excitedexcitedexcitingexcitingexcite•amusing, amused; •encouraging, encouraged; •disappointing, disappointed; •puzzling, puzzled; •satisfying, satisfied; •tiring, tired; •pleasing, pleased; •astonishing, astonished等。

等•英语中这样的分词还有很多，如：英语中这样的分词还有很多，如：§过去分词和过去分词和V-ingV-ing形式形式的区别的区别: :§ 表主动的，进行的，表主动的，进行的， 特征的特征的---含有含有“令人令人……”之意之意§　　 表被动的，完成的，表被动的，完成的， 表状态表状态---含有含有“感到感到……”之意之意 V-ing形式形式过去分词过去分词1.A. Nobody was in the story he told. B. The story he told was very . ( interested, interesting )2. A. Everybody was to hear the news. B. The news is very indeed. ( excited, exciting )3. A. The result of the test was rather . B. He was very at the result of the test. ( disappointed, disappointing )4. A. What he said was very . B. I was very at the sight. ( amused, amusing )Fill in the blank with proper words.Fill in the blank with proper words.interestedinterestingexcitedexcitingdisappointingdisappointedamusingamusedgiftedtrappedbrokentiedpollutedzippedSuppose you are a journalist. Choose one newspaper picture, and write a news report.§过去分词作定语和表语的区别过去分词作定语和表语的区别: :§定语　定语　 放在放在名词和代词名词和代词的前面或后面的前面或后面 表示动作表示动作已经完成已经完成或或被动被动的的§表语　表语　 放在放在be be 动词或系动词动词或系动词的后面的后面 说明主语的说明主语的状态状态或构成被动语态或构成被动语态Sum up 2. The girl who is dressed in red is Kelly’s long-lost friend.= The girl _________________ is Kelly’s long-lost friend.练习一．练习一． 句型转换句型转换1.A thief stole the goat that was tied to the tree.=A thief stole the goat ______ to the tree.tiedtieddressed in reddressed in red3. The castle, which was burnt down in the sixteenth century, was never rebuilt.= The castle, ______________ ___________________, was never rebuilt. burnt down in burnt down in the sixteenth centurythe sixteenth century4. Father beat the son who was lost in the online games. =Father beat the son ________ in the online games. lostlost5. The project, which was designed by the Chinese engineers, was constructed in only 2 year. = The project, _____________ ____________________, was constructed in only 2 year. designed by the designed by the chinese engineerschinese engineers练习二练习二 单句改错单句改错1.They were all amusing at what he said.2.He was very exciting to hear the news that their team had won.3.The situation was a bit discouraged.4.Two pages in this dictionary are missed.5.Your mother is quite worrying about your stare of health.1.Linda worked for the Minnesota Manufacturing and Mining Company, ______ as 3M. A. knowing B. known C. being known D. to be known高考链接B解析：答案解析：答案B B。

此处考查过去分词作后置此处考查过去分词作后置定语，定语，3M3M与与knowknow之间是被动关系，故用过之间是被动关系，故用过去分词表示被动去分词表示被动2. The disc, digitally ________ in the studio, sounded fantastic at the party that night. A. recorded B. recording C. to be recorded D. having recorded高考链接A解析：答案解析：答案A A此处考查过去分词作后置此处考查过去分词作后置定语，定语，discdisc与与recordrecord之间是被动关系，故之间是被动关系，故用过去分词表示用过去分词表示3. Don’t use words, expressions, or phrases _______ only to people with specific knowledge. A. being known B. having been known C. to be known D. known高考链接D解析：答案解析：答案D D。

knowknow与与wordswords，，expressionsexpressions，，phrasesphrases构成动宾关系，故用过去分词表构成动宾关系，故用过去分词表示被动4. The flowers _______ sweet in the botanic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature. A. to smell B. smelling C. smelt D. to be smelt高考链接B解析：答案解析：答案B B此处为现在分词作定语，此处为现在分词作定语，修饰修饰flowersflowerssmellsmell为系动词，不能用于为系动词，不能用于被动语态，相当于被动语态，相当于which/that smells which/that smells sweetsweet5. Hearing the ____ news, we all felt ___. A. encouraging, encouraging, B. encouraged, encouraged C. encouraged, encouraging D. encouraging, encouragedD D6. From the dates ______ on the gold coin, it is confirmed that was made five hundred years ago. A. marking B. marked C. to be marked D. having been markedB B7. The _______ look in her face suggested that she _______ it before.A. surprising, wouldn’t knowB. surprised, hadn’t knownC. surprising, hadn’t knownD. surprised, shouldn’t knowB B8. The picture writing _______ long long ago is hard for us to understand today.A. having been drawn B. being drawnC. was drawn D. drawnD D9. The man ______ there is my uncle. A. seat B. seating C. to seat D. seatedD D。