
苏教版初二英语Unit8知识概要.docx
10页八上Unit8一、 重要单词1. 名词:earthquake地震 coach长途汽车 flood洪水,水灾 village村庄,乡村 lightning闪电 storm风暴;暴风雨 thunder雷;雷声 shake摇动;震动 fear害怕,恐惧 direction方向 shaking摇动,震动 heart心脏 mind头脑 dark黑暗 shout呼喊,喊叫声 rule规则 railway铁路 burn烧伤;烫伤;灼伤 daughter女儿 granddaughter(外)孙女 son儿子 grandson(外)孙子 board木板 weekday工作日 headache头痛 toothache牙痛 countryside乡下,农村 housework家务活 pancake烙饼;薄饼2. 动词:shake摇动,震动 beat(使)规律作响,作节奏运动 break损坏;打破 clear清除;清理3. 形容词:loud响亮的;大声的;喧闹的 silent寂静的 nervous紧张不安的 alive活着的 safe安全的 asleep睡着的4. 副词:up完全地 still仍然 nearly几乎,将近 behind在后面5. 连词:while当……的时候,和……同时 if是否 since由于,既然 after在……以后二、 常见词组1. wake up醒来2. mop…up把……拖干净3. thousands of成千上万的4. wash away冲走5. catch fire着火6. at first起初7. in fear处于恐惧中8. run out of从……里跑出来9. try one’s best to do sth.尽力做某事10. run in all directions四处逃散11. fall down落下12. not…at all一点也不13. say to oneself自言自语14. calm down平静下来15. go through one’s mind掠过某人的脑海16. shout for help大声呼救17. find one’s way out找到出路18. move away搬走,移开19. at last最后,终于20. up and down上上下下21. break down损坏,出毛病22. as…as possible尽可能……23. stay away from远离……24. cover sth. with sth.用某物将某物覆盖25. share sth. with sb.与某人分享某物26. keep doing sth.一直做某事27. fall over摔倒三、 经典句型1. I was sleeping when the earthquake started. 当地震开始时我正在睡觉。
2. Outside, people were running in all directions while pieces of glass and bricks were falling down.外面,当玻璃碎片和砖块落下来时,人们朝四面八方跑着3. A moment of fear went through my mind, but I told myself to calm down since I was still alive.一阵恐惧掠过我的心头,但我告诉我自己要冷静下来,因为我还活着4. …as I was trying to find my way out, I suddenly heard some noise above me.……当我正努力寻找出路时,我突然听见头顶上的嘈杂声5. I was not sleeping at 10 p.m. last night.昨天晚上十点时我不在睡觉6. When/While/As Millie was watching TV, Andy came into the room.当米莉在看电视时,安迪走进了房间四、 要点解析1. shake n.摇动,震动 v. 摇动,震动(shook)2. run out用完,耗尽3. with是介词,意为“有,带有”,表示伴随状态,其反义词为without4. fear n./v. 害怕 in fear处于恐惧之中5. try one’s best to do sth.尽力做某事=do one’s best to do sth. 6. in all directions=in every direction, 意为“向四面八方,到处”7. fall down, fall off与fall over1) fall down意为“滑倒,倒下”,后面接宾语时要加介词from。
2) fall off意为“跌落,从……掉下来”,后面可直接接宾语3) fall over意为“向前摔倒,跌倒”,后面不加宾语8. since, as与because 1) since表示双方都知道的原因或不如句子的其余部分重要,意为“既然”,常位于句首,不能回答why的问句2) as引导的从句常位于句末,表示十分明显的原因,意为“由于,鉴于”,不如since正式,不能回答why的问句3) because引导的从句常位于句末,表示直接的原因或理由,表示必然性,常用于回答why引导的问句五、 语法分析*初中英语过去进行时讲解及练习 (一) 定义 过去进行时,是表示过去某个具体时刻正在进行的事情或动作 (二)结构was/were +doing (现在分词) (三)用法 1、过去进行时表示过去某段时间内持续进行的动作或者事情常用的时间状语this morning, the whole morning, all day yesterday, from nine to ten last evening, when, while 例如: (1)We were watching TV from seven to nine last night.昨天晚上七点到九点的时候我们在看电视。
(2)What was he researching all day last Sunday?上周日他一整天都在研究什么? (3)It was raining when they left the station.他们离开车站的时候天正在下雨 2. 过去进行时可以表示在过去某个时间点发生的事情时间点可以用介词短语、副词或从句 来表示如What was she doing at nine o'clock yesterday?昨天晚上九点她在做什么? (介词短语表示时间点) When I saw him he was decorating his room.当我看见他的时候他正在装饰房间 (when从句表示时间点) 3. 在复合句中,如果主要动作和背景动作都是延续的或同时发生的,那么主从句的动词都可用过去进行时例如: While he was waiting for the bus, he was reading a newspaper.他边等车边看报 (两个动作都是延续的) He was cleaning his car while I was cooking.他擦车时我在做饭。
两个动作同时进行) 4、表示在过去即将发生的动作如: She asked him whether he was coming back for supper. 5、表示过去的反复性或习惯性的动作,常与副词always, constantly, continually, frequently等连用,常常带有说话人的某种感情色彩如: His mother was always working like that.他目前总是那样工作 6. 通常不能用于过去进行时的动词主要有:agree, be, believe, belong, care, forget, hate, have(拥有), hear, know, like, love, mean, mind, notice, own, remember, seem, suppose, understand, want, wish等例如: 误:I was knowing the answer. 正:I knew the answer. 我知道答案 误:I wasn't understanding him. 正:I didn't understand him. 我不明白他的意思。
典型例题: 1) Mary ___ a dress when she cut her finger. A. made B. is making C. was making D. makes 答案C. 割伤手指是已发生的事情,应用过去时同时,when表时间的同时性,“玛丽在做衣服时”提供事情发生的背景,因此用过去进行时 2) As she ___ the newspaper, Granny ___ asleep. A. read; was falling B. was reading; fell C. was reading; was falling D. read;fell 答案B.句中的as = when, while,意为"当……之时"描述一件事发生的背景时,用过去进行;一个长动作发生的时候,另一个短动作发生句意为 "在她看报纸时,奶奶睡着了quot;句中的 fell (fall的过去时),是系动词,后跟形容词,如:fall sick (四)过去进行时与一般过去时的区别 (1)过去进行时与一般过去时,两者都表示过去发生的动作,但过去进行时表示在过去某一特定的时间点或时间段正在进行的动作,而一般过去时表示在过去时间完成的动作?例如: I was typing a letter last night. 昨晚我在打一封信?(可能没打完) I typed some letters last night. 我昨晚打了一些信?(已经打完) A. 过去进行时却表示动作在持续或未完成,而一般过时往往表示某一动作已经完成。
I was reading the book at that time. (未读完,“读”的片段) I read the book yesterday. (已读完,表整个“读”) B、一般过去时表示只做一次动作,而过去进行时却表示动作反复地进行 She waved to me. 她朝我挥了挥手 It was raining all night.(优先用was raining ,rained 为持续动词,故也可使用) He was writing a letter the whole of afternoon. (短暂动词与持续时间连用,表反复,连续发生,不可用一般过去时)* When while as的区别和用法when的用法 当主句使用持续性动词时. Dave was eating,when the doorbell rang.门铃响时,大卫。












