高考英语重点词汇和句型.doc

高考英语重点词汇和句型 　　ause 和charge都有“指责，控告”之意，有时可通用，但构造不一样ause不一定针对重大过失或罪行，其构造为ause sb of sth而charge一般用于重大过失或罪行，其构造为charge sb with sth，此构造还有“使某人负有……责任”之意例如： 　　例1：My father aused me of my being too careless. (父亲责备我太粗心) 　　例2：He aused me of neglecting my duty. (他指控我玩忽职守) 　　例3：He charged me with neglecting my duty. (同上) 　　例4：Jimmy was charged with murder. (吉米被控谋杀) 　　例5：He was charged with an important task. (他担负有一项重要任务) 　　add：增加，把……加上add…to…：把……加到例如： 　　例6：At the end of the party, we added another program. 　　例7：You needn’t add any water to the medicine. 　　add to：增添。

指增添喜悦、悲伤、麻烦等例如： 　　例8：His ing added to our trouble. (他的到来给我们添了麻烦) 　　add up：加起来例如： 　　例9：Have you added up all the numbers? 　　add up to：总计表示加起来的结果，无被动构造例如： 　　例10：All the numbers added up to 100. 　　advise：建议，劝说例如： 　　例11：I advised (his) trying again. (= suggest) 　　例12：I advised that we (should) try again. (= suggest，虚拟语气) 　　例13：I advised him to give up smoking. 　　例14：I advised him not to smoke. 　　例15：Could you advise us on how to learn English? 　　例16：Could you give us some advice on how to learn English? 　　suggest：建议，说明，暗示。

例如： 　　例17：We suggest having a meeting at once. (= advise) 　　例18：We suggest that a meeting (should) be held at once. (= advise，虚拟语气) 　　例19：His pale face suggests that he is in poor health. (他那苍白的脸色说明他身体欠佳) 　　agree with：同意，赞成(后接“人”或what从句作宾语);适合，适应;一致例如： 　　例20：I don’t quite agree with you. 　　例21：Nobody agreed with what he had said at the meeting. 　　例22：The weather here doesn’t agree with most of us. (这里的天气我们多数人不适应) 　　例23：Your words do not agree with your actions. (你的言行不一) 　　agree to：同意，赞成指一方同意另一方的意见、建议、观点、想法等。

例如： 　　例24：John can’t agree to Joe’s idea. 　　agree on：对……达成共识指双方或多方对某事取得一致意见例如： 　　例25：Finally John and Joe agreed on the plan. 　　allow：允许，许可指听任或默许，也可用来表示客气的请求例如： 　　例26：Who allowed you to leave the camp? 　　例27：Smoking is not allowed here. 　　例28：Please allow me to introduce myself to you. 　　permit：允许，许可通常指正式的许可例如： 　　例29：He declared that he would permit me to do so. 　　allow 和 permit 的含义虽然有所差异，但实际运用中两者常通用 　　let：允许，让其后的宾语补足语应是不带to的不定式一般不用于被动语态例如： 　　例30：Don’t let this happen again. 　　例31：This is not allowed to happen again. (不说：This is not let to happen again.) 　　promise：容许，允诺。

用于主动容许自己要做什么的场合例如： 　　例32：They promised an immediate reply. 　　例33：He promised to start at once. 　　例34：I promised him to see to the matter right away. 　　(我容许他马上处理这件事不定式to see to 是主语I发出的) 　　announce：宣布，宣告常指首次公开或正式宣布人们关心的某件事情例如： 　　例35：The government announced that the danger was past. 　　例36：It was announced that the national science conference would soon be held in Beijing. 　　另外，要表达“向某人宣布某事”，应用announce to sb sth后接to sb的动词还有say，explain等例如： 　　例37：He announced to us the news and then said to us, “Now let me explain to you in details.” 　　(他向我们宣布了这个消息，然后对我们说：“现在让我详细给你们解释吧。

) 　　declare：宣布，声明指以正式的话语公开宣布某件事例如： 　　例38：The chairman declared the exhibition open. (主席宣布展览会开幕) 　　answer：答复，回应例如： 　　例39：“Tom!” No one answered. 　　例40：Please answer the door-bell. (请去开门) 　　例41：He answered that he knew nothing about it. 　　例42：No one was able to answer him a word. 　　reply：答复，答复作不及物动词时，后需接to再接宾语;作及物动词时，后直接接that从句或what从句，或用于倒装句例如： 　　例43：He replied to me, “I need the answer to the exercise.” 　　例44：He replied that he would not go. 　　例45：Not a word did she reply.(她一句话也不应) 　　answer当名词用时，与reply一样，要接to。

例如： 　　例46：He made no answer / reply to his questions. 　　appear：显得，好似有时含有外表上显得，而事实未必的意味例如： 　　例47：This kind of apples appears good, but in fact it tastes sour. 　　(这种苹果看起来好，实际吃起来酸) 　　seem：好似暗示判断有一定根据，往往接近事实例如： 　　例48：You seem to have made the same mistake again this time. 　　(你这次似乎又犯了同样的错误) 　　例49：It seems that it is going to rain soon. 　　look：好似表示凭感觉作出的判断例如： 　　例50：What’s wrong with you? You look pale. 　　例51：It looks like rain. (看来要下雨了) 　　argue：辩论，争论指提出理由或论据以支持或反驳某种意见或主张，着重说理如： 　　例52：What are you arguing about? 　　例53：I argued with him the whole day. 　　quarrel：争论，争吵，吵架。

例如： 　　例54：It’s unwise to quarrel with your boss about that. (为那件事同你老板争吵是不明智的) 　　arrive，reach和get都有“到达”的意思arrive通常与介词at或in连用，它和reach是比拟正式的用语;reach是及物动词;get通常与介词to连用，在口语中常用arrive和get后接副词(如here, there, home等)时，不用介词reach和arrive at还有“达成(协议)，作出(决定)”的意思例如： 　　例55：When we arrived at the station, the train had left. 　　例56：At five, they arrived in Beijing. 　　例57：The letter didn’t reach me until yesterday. 　　例58：At what time did you get to the post office? 　　例59：The two sides failed to reach / arrive at an agreement after several hours’ discussion. 　　(几个小时的讨论后，双方还是没能达成一致意见。

) 　　would ratherthat somebody did…"宁愿……;更愿意……"(表示现在或将来的愿望) 　　would ratherthat somebody had done…"宁愿……;更愿意……"(表示过去的愿望) 　　[例句] 　　I'd rather youposted the letter right now. 我想让你现在去寄信 　　I'd rather youwere not a celebrated actor. In that case, we could spend more time together. 　　我到情愿你不是个知名演员，这样我们可以有更多的时间在一起 　　I'd ratherthat I hadn't seen her yest。