第一章第六部分不一致讲义及作业ppt课件.ppt

Chapter One： Standard Written English1.Punctuation Abuse标点错误标点错误2.Confusion of Words用词混淆用词混淆3.Problems of Collocation搭配错误搭配错误4.Omission of Words漏词漏词5.Wordiness累赘累赘6.Disagreement不一致不一致7.Non-Parallelism不平衡不平衡8.Misplaced Parts错位错位9.Dangling Modifiers垂悬垂悬10.Ambituiy模糊模糊Disagreement 不一致不一致•英文句子的前后呼应是一个重要问题，表如今主语和谓语、主格和宾格、单数和复数、时态一致等方面•假设出了过失，不仅仅是语法问题，而且很容易呵斥意思上的误解•举个简单的例子，people后面跟have后面跟have是指“人民〞；后面跟has,那么指的是“民族〞，如Each people has its own culture.•那么，他究竟是要表示“人民〞，还是表示“民族〞，这里就有个单、复数的前后一致问题了Disagreement 不一致：兴趣英文不一致：兴趣英文•美国英语，一开场出现one,后面那么改用he, him, himself;而英国英语，开场用了one,便不断用one究竟，即one, one’s, oneself.•下面是英国著名作家Summerset Maugham〔索美·塞·毛姆〕写的一段话，选自A Writer’s Notebook<一个作家的手记>。

这位文学巨匠为了坚持人称谓应，竟运用代词one, one’s, oneself达39次之多•请他把这些one 和oneself划出来，不过留意别划错了，由于其中的one不是人称代词，而是另有含义Disagreement 不一致：兴趣英文不一致：兴趣英文•As one grows older, one becomes more silent. In one’s youth, one is ready to pour oneself out to the world; one feels an intense fellowship with other people, one wants to throw oneself in their arms, and one feels that they will receive one; one wants to open oneself to them so that they may take one, and one wants to penetrate into them; one’s life seems to overflow into the lives of others and become one with theirs as the waters of rivers become one in the sea.Disagreement 不一致：兴趣英文不一致：兴趣英文•But gradually the power one felt of doing all this leaves one; a barrier rises up between oneself and one’s fellows, and one realize that they are strangers to one. Then perhaps one places all one’s love, all one’s faculty of expansion on one person, making, as it were, a final effort to join one’s soul to his with all one’s might, and one draws him to one trying to know him and be known by him right down to the bottom of one’s heart.Disagreement 不一致：兴趣英文不一致：兴趣英文•But little by little one finds that is it all impossible, and however ardently one loves him, however intimately one is connected with him, he is always a stranger to one. Then one retires into oneself and in one’s silence builds up a world of one’s own which one keeps from the eyes of every living soul, even from the person one loves best, knowing he would not understand it.•方便起见，我只标注了不是的。

Disagreement 不一致：练习题不一致：练习题•选择正确的词完成句子选择正确的词完成句子•矫正病句矫正病句•托福构造部分改错题托福构造部分改错题•Turkey and dressing ( is / are ) a popular dish at Thanks-giving.•Turkey and dressing is a popular dish at Thanks-giving.•文化背景： “Please pass the turkey and dressing.〞 What does this simple request make you think about？ If you are an American, you think about Thanksgiving. •「请将火鸡与配料递给我」这个简单的恳求令他想起什么？假设他是美国人，他会想到感恩节 〔1〕选择正确的词完成句子：括号里面有两个选择，请选择正确的词来完成句子，留意前后呼应：•Every bramble and thorn ( is / are ) a menace to bare feet.•Every bramble and thorn刺 is a menace to bare feet.•Either the counselor 顾问or I (am/ is /are ) responsible.•Either the counselor or I am responsible.•In the new building there ( is / are ) a library, which has no books, and a music practice room, which has no musical instrument.•In the new building there is a library, which has no books, and a music practice room, which has no musical instrument.〔1〕选择正确的词完成句子：括号里面有两个选择，请选择正确的词来完成句子，留意前后呼应：•Roy is the only one of our athletes who ( has / have ) won a gold medal.•Roy is the only one of our athletes who has won a gold medal.•None ( is /are ) so sure of his knowledge as one who has only a little learning.•None is so sure of his knowledge as one who has only a little learning.•None of the writers ( has / have ) captured the immigrant experience as eloquently as Elia Kazan.•None of the writers has / have captured the immigrant experience as eloquently as Elia Kazan. 都可以都可以〔1〕选择正确的词完成句子：括号里面有两个选择，请选择正确的词来完成句子，留意前后呼应：•A thousand bushels ( is / are ) a good yield.•A thousand bushels蒲式耳蒲式耳 is a good yield.•Acoustics ( is /are ) an interesting study.•Acoustics声学声学 is an interesting study.•( This / These ) ( habit / habits ) , which in itself ( is / are ) harmless, ( is / are ) likely to lead to others that ( is / are ) decidedly harmful. • This habit , which in itself is harmless, is likely to lead to others that are decidedly harmful.〔1〕选择正确的词完成句子：括号里面有两个选择，请选择正确的词来完成句子，留意前后呼应：〔2〕用词前后不一致：下面句子都是病句，错误就在于用词前后不一致，请加以矫正：•Riding the horse was the two girls, Valerie and Therese.•Blood,Sweat &Tears appeal to many age groups because of its effective combination of rock and jazz.•The archeology section, sitting apart from the rest, was drinking their chocolate milk and discussing the plan of a dig near Poway.• Rabies are always fatal if it is not treated immediately. (rabies狂犬病 )werewereappealsappealswerewereisis〔2〕用词前后不一致：下面句子都是病句，错误就在于用词前后不一致，请加以矫正：•Mill stresses the importance of originality as the catalyst for social progress and insisted that individuality should not be repressed.•If one is to read Beckett’s plays intelligently, you should first familiarize yourself with Beckett’s novels.•It is all too easy to get lost inside a complex sentence and to make grammatical errors which won’t seem obvious at a glance but which impedes comprehension.• She took advantage of anyone or anything who or which could further her career.insistsinsistsheheimpedeimpedethatthat〔2〕用词前后不一致：下面句子都是病句，错误就在于用词前后不一致，请加以矫正：•Deciding that they could reach no decision that night, they jury retired to its rooms to get some sleep.•The foreman shouted at both of us, Peter and I, before we had a chance to explain.•The soldier told his friends that his barracks were a lively place.•A pilot reclamation project was under way for the planting of eight specieses of plants.theirtheirmemewaswasspeciesspecies〔2〕用词前后不一致：下面句子都是病句，错误就在于用词前后不一致，请加以矫正：•It took them one and a half day to complete the work.•These astronomical phenomenon have been a mystery to astronomers for centuries.•He hurried because he knew his family was waiting for him anxiously.•His uncle showed him the pastures where the cattle was grazing.daysdaysphenomenaphenomenawerewerewerewere〔2〕用词前后不一致：下面句子都是病句，错误就在于用词前后不一致，请加以矫正：•Jack made a friend with Jill at the dance party a couple of years ago.•Although a contagious 传染性的disease, measles are fairly rare in adults. (measles 麻疹)friendsfriendsisis〔3〕托福构造改错题：托福考试的构造部分里有大量改错题涉及前后呼应，我们无妨做一些这类标题，对于我们提高写作程度是有益处的：•下面划线处有一部分是错误的，请指出并矫正：•Moles 鼹鼠 are almost completely blind, although its tiny eyes can distinguish light from dark.•its改为theirs•The United States Department of Agriculture supervise the quality, cleanness, and purity of meat.•its改为theirs•The pain-killing agent most commonly administered in dentistry is the local anesthetic, who produces loss of feeling only in a specific area.•who改为which〔3〕托福构造改错题：托福考试的构造部分里有大量改错题涉及前后呼应，我们无妨做一些这类标题，对于我们提高写作程度是有益处的：•下面划线处有一部分是错误的，请指出并矫正：•The beliefs in fairies have existed from earliest times, and the literature of many countries includes tales of fairies and their relationship to humans.•have existed改为has existed•The term “technology〞 refers to the discoveries and inventions that help people improve its way of life.•its way of 改为their way of•Ensuring adequate food and water supply have been a concern ever since people began to live in towns and cities.•have been 改为has been〔3〕托福构造改错题：托福考试的构造部分里有大量改错题涉及前后呼应，我们无妨做一些这类标题，对于我们提高写作程度是有益处的：•下面划线处有一部分是错误的，请指出并矫正：•Kiwi birds鹬鸵 mainly eat insects, worms, and snails and searched for their food by probing the ground with their long bills.•searched for 改为search for•William Penn founded the city of Philadelphia in 1682, and he quickly grew to be the largest of the cities in colonial America.•and he 改为and it•It is the interaction between people, rather than the events that occur in their lives, that are the main focus of social psychology.•that are改为that is〔3〕托福构造改错题：托福考试的构造部分里有大量改错题涉及前后呼应，我们无妨做一些这类标题，对于我们提高写作程度是有益处的：•下面划线处有一部分是错误的，请指出并矫正：•The ability to retain a mental record of earlier experiences are referred to as memory.•are referred改为 is referred•Every year Colorado is visited by millions of tourists who come for a variety of reason.•reason改为reasons•A traditional Halloween decoration is a Jack-o-lantern, which is a hollowed-out pumpkin with a scary face cut into them.•them改为itHomework：作业要求作业要求书面作业，写在作业本上交上。

书面作业，写在作业本上交上把原题抄上，直接在原题上矫正即可把原题抄上，直接在原题上矫正即可提示：提示：所列病句前面讲义中都有提及，留意复习所列病句前面讲义中都有提及，留意复习矫正病句：矫正病句：以下每一个句子都有前后不一致的地方，请仔细修以下每一个句子都有前后不一致的地方，请仔细修正正1.Either the counselor or I are responsible.2.Every year Colorado is visited by millions of tourists who come for a variety of reason.3.Kiwi birds mainly eat insects, worms, and snails and searched for their food by probing the ground with their long bills. 4.It is the interaction between people, rather than the events that occur in their lives, that are the main focus of social psychology.5.Although a contagious disease, measles are fairly rare in adults. 矫正病句：矫正病句：以下每一个句子都有前后不一致的地方，请仔细修以下每一个句子都有前后不一致的地方，请仔细修正正6.Roy is the only one of our athletes who has won a gold medal.7.If one is to read Beckett’s plays intelligently, you should first familiarize yourself with Beckett’s novels.8.Blood, Sweat &Tears appeal to many age groups because of its effective combination of rock and jazz.9.These astronomical phenomenon have been a mystery to astronomers for centuries. 10.She took advantage of anyone or anything who or which could further her career.。