
新人教版八年级上册英语单元语法及知识点归纳(DOC 22页).docx
22页新人教版八年级上册英语单元语法及知识点归纳Unit1 Where did you go on vacation?【重点语法】不定代词:不指名代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词叫做不定代词用法注意:1. some 和 any +可数名/不可数名some 多用于肯定句,any 多用于否定句、疑问句和条件从句 有些问句中用 some,不用 any, 问话者希望得到对方肯定回答2. 由 some, any, no, every与 body, one, thing 构成的复合不定代词作主语时, 其谓语动词用三单3. 不定代词若有定语修饰,该定语要置于其后:如: something interesting【重点短语】1. buy sth for ab./ buy sb. sth 为某人买某物2. taste + adj. 尝起来3. nothing...but + V.(原形) 除了 之外什么都没有4. seem + (to be) + adj 看起来5. arrive in + 大地方 / arrive at + 小地方 到达某地6. decide to do sth. 决定做某事7. try doing sth. 尝试做某事 / try to do sth. 尽力做某事8. enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事9. want to do sth. 想去做某事10. start doing sth. 开始做某事 =begin doing sth.11. stop doing sth. 停止做某事 区分: stop to do sth. 停下来去做某事12. dislike doing sth. 不喜欢做某事14. so + adj + that + 从句 如此 以至于16. tell sb. (not) to do sth. 告诉某人(不要) 做某事17. keep doing sth. 继续做某事18. forget to do sth. 忘记去做某事 / forget doing sth 忘记做过某事【词语辨析】1. take a photo/ take photos拍照quite a few+名词复数 “许多 ”2. seem + 形容词 看起来 ... You seem happy today. seem + to do sth. 似乎/好像做某事 I seem to have a coldIt seems + 从句 似乎.. . It seems that no one believe you. seem like ... 好像,似乎 .. It seems like a good idea.3. arrive in +大地点 = get to= reach+地点名 “到达 ...... ”arrive at +小地点(注:若后跟地点副词 here/there/home, 介词需省略,如: arrive here; get home)4. feel like sth 感 觉 像 feel doing sth. 想要做某事5. wonder(想知道) +疑问词( who, what, why)引导的从句。
6. because of +名/代/V-ing because+从句He can ’ t take a walk because of the rain.I don ’ t buy the shirt because it was too expensive.7. enough +名词 足够的 ...形容词/副词+enoughUnit2 How often do you exercise?【重点语法】1. 频率副词 : always, usually, often, sometimes, never频率副词在句中通常放在实义动词之前 , be 动词或助动词之后常用于一般现在时态中2. “次数”的表达方法一次 once, 两次 twice,三次或三次以上:基数词 + times, 如: three times, five times,3. how often 多“久一次 ”问频率,回答常含有频率词组或短语常 见 的 how 疑 问 词 : 1)How soon 多久(以后)— How soon will he be back?他多久能回来?— He will be back in a month. 他一个月后能回来。
2) how long 多“久”— How long did it take you to clean the house?你打扫房子用了多久?— It took me half an hour to clean the house.我打扫这房子用了半小时3)How many+名复How much+不可名“多少”问数量( how much 还可问价格)【重点短语】1. go to the movies 去看电影2. look after = take care of 照顾3. surf the internet 上网4. healthy lifestyle 健康的生活方式5. go skate boarding 去划板6. keep healthy=stay healthy 保持健康7. eating habits 饮食习惯8. take more exercise做更多的运动9. the same as与什么相同10. be different from 不同11. once a month一月一次12. twice a week一周两次13. make a difference to 对 有影响/作用14. most of the students=most students15. shop=go shopping=do some shopping购物16. be good for 对 有 益17. be bad for 对 有 害18. come home from school放学回家19. of course = certainly = sure 当然20. get good grades取得好成绩21. keep/be in good health 保持健康22. take a vacation 去度假【词语辨析】1. maybe / may bemaybe 是副词,意为 “大概, 可能,或许 ”,一般用于句首。
May be 是情态动词,意为 “可能是...,也许是 ...,大概是 ... ”.The baby is crying. Maybe she is hungry. The woman may be a teacher.2. a few / few / a little / littlea few (少数的,几个,一些 ) a little ( 一点儿,少量 ) 表示肯定few (很少的,几乎没有的 ) little ( 很少的,几乎没有的 ) 表示否定修饰可数名词 修饰不可数名词People can live to 100, but few people can live to 150.There is little time left. I wo n’ t catch the first bus. Could you give me a little milk?3. hard / hardlyhard 作形容词,意为 “困难的,艰苦的,硬的 ”;作副词,意为 “努力地,猛烈地 ”hardly 为副词,意为 “几乎不 ”The ground is too hard to dig. I can hardly understand them.It ’ s raining hard. The people can hardly go outside.4. As for homework , most students do homework every day .as for...意思是 “至于;关于 ”,+名词、代词或动词的 -ing 形式(即动名词)。
如: As for him, I never want to see him here.至于他,我永远不希望在这里见到As for the story,you'd better not believe it.关于那故事,你最好不要相信5. That sounds interesting.这是“主语+系动词 +表语”结构的简单句 sound(听起来) ,look(看起来) ,smell(闻起来) , taste(尝起来), feel(觉得), seem(好象), grow(变得) ,get(变得)等词在英语中可用作系动词,后跟形容词作表语如:It tastes good. 这味道好The music sounds very sweet.这音乐听起来很入耳The smoke grew heavier and heavier.烟雾变得越来越浓了6. percent 名词,意为 “百分之 ”百分数的表示方法: 基数+ percent (不用复数形式 ),percent做主语时, 谓语动词的数要根据其后面的名词来确定50%: fifty percent 百分之五十Fifty percent of the apples are bad. 50%的苹果都坏了。
Twenty percent of the meat is in the fridge. 20%的肉都在冰箱7. not at a意ll 为“一点也不 ”, not 应放在 be 动词、情态动词或助动词之后The story isn ’ t interestianlgl.a那t个故事一点也没有趣8. It is + adj. to do sth. 做某事是 的It is interesting to play computer games. 玩电脑很有趣9. take, spend, payIt takes sb. some time to do sth.意为“花费某人 时间来做某事 ”人(sb.) spend 时间/钱 on sth. 买“某物花了 钱”人(sb.) spend 时间/钱 (in) doing 花“费多少时间来做某事 ”pay 的主语必须是人,而 “花钱买某物 ”为 pay...for...10. however 副词,意为 “然而,可是 ”,表示转折关系,可放在句首、句中、句末Unit3 I ’ m more outgoing than my sister.【重点语法】1. 形容词和副词的比较等级(1) )形容词和副词的原形就是原级(2) )比较级,表示较 或更(3) )最高级, 表示最...。
2. 比较级句型 :( 1) A + be 动词+形容词的比较级 +than +B “A比 B 更 ”(注意: A 与 B 必须是同级的,即必须是人与人,物与物进行对比)( 2) “A+实意动词 +副词比较级 + than + B 表”示“A比 B ”( 3)比较 A ,B 两人/ 两事物问其中哪一个较 ...时用句型: “ Who/which +谓语动词 + adj./adv.比较级, A or B ? ”Who is。












