翻译汉译英技巧.ppt

Made by Xu YanContents •二、句子翻译二、句子翻译•1. 确定主干确定主干•2. 语序调整语序调整•3. 正反转换正反转换•4. 语态对译语态对译•5. 长句的翻译长句的翻译•一、词的翻译一、词的翻译•1. 词义选择词义选择•2. 词类转换词类转换•3. 词的增补词的增补•4. 词的省略词的省略•5. 词的替代词的替代一、词的翻译一、词的翻译•1. 词义选择词义选择•1）在得病以前，我受父母宠爱，在家中）在得病以前，我受父母宠爱，在家中横行霸道横行霸道•横行霸道横行霸道: 为所欲为，想干什么就干什么为所欲为，想干什么就干什么•Get everything my own way•Get all things my own way•Be bully•Before I fell ill, I had been the bully under our roofs owing to my doting parents.•2. 词类转换词类转换•1）吃头两个主菜时，也是）吃头两个主菜时，也是赞不绝口赞不绝口•You will be full of praise while eating the first two main courses.•2）大自然对人的）大自然对人的恩赐恩赐，无论贫富，一律，无论贫富，一律平平等等。

•People, poor or rich, are equally favored by Nature. •3. 词的增补词的增补•1）有水有鱼的地方大都是有好环境的，）有水有鱼的地方大都是有好环境的，好好环境便会给人好心情环境便会给人好心情•A place with water and fish is necessarily blessed with a nice setting, which in return keeps people in good mood.•2）黄鼠狼给鸡拜年黄鼠狼给鸡拜年•The weasel goes to pay respects to the hen—not with the best of intentions.•4. 词的省略词的省略•1）种植庄稼和葡萄，）种植庄稼和葡萄，酿酒和饮酒酿酒和饮酒，喂牛和，喂牛和挤奶，锄草和栽花挤奶，锄草和栽花……•Planting crops and grapes, brewing and drinking wines, raising and milking cows, weeding the garden and planting flowers…•5. 词的替代词的替代•1）狡猾的人轻视学问；愚昧的人羡慕学问；）狡猾的人轻视学问；愚昧的人羡慕学问；聪明的人利用学问。

聪明的人利用学问•Crafty men contemn studies, simple men admire them, and wise men use them.二、句子翻译二、句子翻译•1. 确定主干确定主干•汉语句子的主干：主语－－谓语汉语句子的主干：主语－－谓语•1.1 确定主语确定主语•1）这个地区雨水较多这个地区雨水较多•A: It rains a lot in this area.•B: This area sees much rain.•C: There is much rain in this area.•2）信不信是你自己的事信不信是你自己的事•It is your concern whether you believe me or not.•3）最好是等他们回来最好是等他们回来•It may be advisable to wait till they come back.•4）勤能补拙勤能补拙•It is diligence that makes for deficiency.•1.2 确定谓语确定谓语•1）在人际关系上我们不要）在人际关系上我们不要太浪漫主义太浪漫主义。

•We shouldn’t be too romantic about human relationships.•这样，每个地方都这样，每个地方都有有自己的传说，风俗也自己的传说，风俗也就衍传了下来就衍传了下来•Thus, every place, with its own legends and folktales, has its traditions and customs passed on from generation to generation.•2. 语序调整语序调整•1)一霎时，一阵被人一霎时，一阵被人摒弃摒弃，，为世为世所遗忘所遗忘的的悲悲愤兜上心头，禁不住痛哭起来愤兜上心头，禁不住痛哭起来•In no time, I was thrown into a feeling of sorrowful anger at being forgotten and abandoned by the rest of the world and could not help crying my heart out.2）钓鱼是）钓鱼是一项能够陶冶性情的运动一项能够陶冶性情的运动，有，有益于身心健康。

益于身心健康•Fishing is an outdoor sport that can help cultivate your mind and it is good for our mental and physical health.•3. 正反转换正反转换•1）他）他光着脚光着脚进了屋子进了屋子•He entered the room with no shoes on.•2）那个房间的窗户总是）那个房间的窗户总是关着关着•The windows of that room were never open.•1）学习外语离）学习外语离不开好的词典不开好的词典•A good dictionary is indispensable for learning a foreign language.•2）我）我不能不能忍受你的脾气忍受你的脾气•Your temper is more than I can bear.•4. 语态语态•1）考试后三日出榜考试后三日出榜•The list of successful examinees will be published three days after the exam.•2））无可否认无可否认，他是对的。

他是对的•It cannot be denied that he is right.5. 长句的翻译长句的翻译•汉语：分析性为主，句子结构较松散汉语：分析性为主，句子结构较松散•英语：综合性为主，句子结构比较严谨英语：综合性为主，句子结构比较严谨•常见汉译英技巧：常见汉译英技巧：•1）原序对译（顺译法））原序对译（顺译法）•2）分句合译）分句合译•3）断句分译）断句分译•（（1）一个人的生命究竟有多大意义，这有）一个人的生命究竟有多大意义，这有什么标准可以衡量吗？什么标准可以衡量吗？•误译误译1：：Is there a criteria to measure how meaningful one’s life is.•误译误译2：： Are there any criterion to measure the meaning of one’s life?•误译误译3：： Are there any standard to measure the significance of one’s life?•Ref: What is the significance of life? Is there any criterion for its measurement?•（（4）一个春天的傍晚，园中百花怒放，父母）一个春天的傍晚，园中百花怒放，父母在园中设宴，一时宾客云集，笑语四溢。

在园中设宴，一时宾客云集，笑语四溢•译文译文1：：On a spring evening in the garden, flowers bloomed merrily, parents arranged a dinner, guests came together and bursts of laughter soared above.•译文译文2：：One spring evening, my parents held a banquet in the garden where all sorts of flowers were in full bloom. Instantly, a crowd of guests gathered together and their laughter was heard all over there.。