新概念第二册知识点终稿.pdf
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Lesson 4 An exciting trip 激动人心的旅行I have just received a letter from my brother, Tim. He is in Australia. He has been there for six months. Tim is an engineer. He is working for a big firm and he has al-ready visited a great number of different places in Australia. He has just bought an Australian car and has gone to Alice Springs, a small town in the centre of Australia. He will soon visit Darwin. From there, he will fly to Perth. My brother has never been abroad before, so he is finding this trip very exciting. 单词 vocabulary: 1. exciting adj. excited adj. 2. receive v. 接受 receive a letter ? accept a letter ?I received your gift but I don t accept it. 我收到了你给我的礼物，但是我不接受。
3. firm n. 公司 company 4. different adj. 不同的 same相同的 similar 相似的5. abroad adv. 国外的go/ travel/ study/ live abroad 去外国到国外旅行、留学、生活6. Australia n. 澳大利亚 Australian adj. 7. engineer n. 工程师8. tripn. 旅行take a trip to 去. 旅行9. a great(large) number of 许多后面跟可数名词 a great many + 可数名词 a great(large) amount of + 不可数名词10. find + n. + adj. 认为某物怎么样He is finding this trip very interesting. I find this book very interesting. Did you find this movie boring? 知识点 language points 1.现在完成时： have done 现在完成时表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果或表示过去的动作或状态持续到现在。
它的构成是：主语 +have/has + 动词的过去分词例句： I have finished my home work.我完成了我的作业Have you finished your homework?你完成你的作业了吗？ Yes, I have. / No, I haven t We have seen that film before. 我们以前已经看过那部电影了I have already read this book. 我已经看完这本书了现在完成时不能单独与准确时间状语连用，（如表示过去的时间状语）如 yesterday(morning、afternoon),last(morning、afternoon）等，除非与 for（表示时间持续长度） ,since（自从 .到现在）连用 . She hasn t seen her husband for three years. ?She hasn t seen her husband three years.?她有三年没见过她的丈夫了表示过去持续一段时间的状态）She hasn t seen her husband since 2014. 她自从 2014年就没有见过她的丈夫。
此处用现在完成时的必要性在于：她可能现在还没有见到她的丈夫She did not see her husband during the last three years. 她在过去的三年中没有见到她的丈夫现在已经见到了）2. 辨析： He has been to Beijing. He has gone to Beijing. 3. 一般将来时will 动词原形翻译 translation: 我刚刚收到弟弟蒂姆的来信，他正在澳大利亚他在那儿已经住了6 个月了蒂姆是个工程师，正在一家大公司工作，并且已经去过澳大利亚的不少地方了他刚买了一辆澳大利亚小汽车，现在去了澳大利亚中部的小镇艾利斯斯普林斯他不久还将到达达尔文去，从那里，他再飞往珀斯我弟弟以前从未出过国，因此，他觉得这次旅行非常激动人心一、考查其构成助动词 have (has) + 动词过去分词 构成现在完成时如：1. Kates never seen Chinese films，_ ? A. hasnt she B. has she C. isnt she D. is she 析：陈述句部分含否定词never,简略问句部分要用肯定式，又因Kates 是Kate has 的缩写，故选 B。
2. His uncle has already posted the photos to him. (改为否定句 ) His uncle _ posted the photos to him _. 析：already 常用在肯定句中， yet 常用在否定句、疑问句中，故填hasnt, yet 3. -Ann has gone to Shanghai. -So _ her parents. A. has B. had C. did D. have 析：”so+ 助/系/情态动词 +主语结构中的动词形式应与前句结构中动词形式持一致，又后句的主语为her parents 是复数 ,故选 D二、考查其用法与标志词(一)当句中有 never, ever, just, already, yet, before等时，常用现在完成时1. -Mum, may I go out and play basketball? - _ you _ your homework yet? A. Do; finish B. Are; finishing C. Did; finish D. Have; finished 2. -_ you _ anywhere before? -Yes, but I cant remember where I_ A. Did; surf; surfed B. Have; surfed; surfed C. Did; surf; have surfed D. Have; surfed; have surfed 析：据 yet 和 before 可知,应用现在完成时，故1 题选 D，2 题选 D。
二)当句中有 for +段时间 或since + 点时间等时，主句常用现在完成时，谓语动词必须是延续性动词，若是非延续性动词，要改为延续性动词或表状态的词(短语)如：1. His brother has been to Stone Forest twice _ he came to Yunnan. A. after B. before C. since D. for 析：主句用的是现在完成时，而从句用的是一般过去时，故选C2. Tom _ the CD player for two weeks. A. has lent B. has borrowed C. has bought D. has had 析：A、B、C 均为非延续性动词，在肯定句中不与表段时间的短语连用，选D3. I_a letter from him since he left. A. didnt receive B. havent got C. didnt have D. havent heard 析：据 since 可知，应排除 A、C，hear from sb.=receive/get/have a letter from sb.意为收到某人的来信 ，故选 B。
三、考查have/has been (to, in)/have/has gone (to)的区别如：1. -Have you ever _ London?-Yes, I have. A. went to B. gone to C. been in D. been to 析：据句中的 have，排除 A，B 项意为 去某地了 ，C 项意为 一直呆在某地，D 项意为 去过某地 ，符合题意，故选D2. My parents _ Shandong for ten years. A. have been in B. have been to C. have gone to D. have been 析：本题句中有 for+段时间结构，据此可排除C，B 项意为 去过某地 ，不合题意， D 项缺介词，故选A。
