古建术语英文翻译.doc

宫 palace,temple殿 hall厅 hall 又称 “堂” 室 room房 house亭 pavilion台 platform坛 altar楼 storied building 阁 pavilion廊 colonnade榭pavilion on terrace水榭waterside pavilion轩windowed veranda民居 folk house四合院courtyard house寨stockaded village舫 boat house阙 que, watchtower牌楼 pailou, decorated gateway华表 huabiao, ornamental pillar塔 pagoda硬山flush gable roof悬山overhanging gable roof歇山gable and hip roof庑殿 hip roof四阿 hip roof卷棚round ridge roof重檐double eave roof攒尖pyramidal roof园攒尖round pavilion roof大木wooden structure大式 wooden frame with dougong小式 wooden frame without dougong大木作carpentry work小木作 joinery work抬梁式构架 post and lintel construction穿斗式构架 column and tie construction井干式构架 log cabin construction檐柱 eave column金柱hypostyle column内槽柱hypostyle column 唐代术语内柱hypostyle column 宋代术语山柱 center column角柱 corner column唐、宋术语瓜柱 short column脊瓜柱 king post蜀柱 king post宋代术语雷公柱suspended column帐杆suspended column宋代术语侧脚 cejiao 宋代术语卷杀 entasis梭柱shuttle-shaped column 宋代术语角背 bracket由戗 inverted V-shaped brace叉手 chashou, inverted V-shaped brace 宋代术语柁墩 wooden pier驼峰 tuofeng, camel-hump shaped support 宋代术语梁 beam袱 beam 宋代术语月梁 crescent beam三架梁 3-purlin beam平梁 3-purlin beam宋代术语四架梁 4-purlin beam五架梁 5-purlin beam四椽袱 5-purlin beam宋代术语六架梁 6-purlin beam七架梁 7-purlin beam六椽袱 7-purlin beam宋代术语九架梁9-purlin beam八椽袱9-purlin beam宋代术语单步梁one-step cross beam双步梁two-step cross beam挑尖梁main aisle exposed tiebeam乳袱rufu, beam tie宋代术语抱头梁baotou beam穿插枋penetrating tie角梁hip rafer（木行）purlin (used with dougong)大式檩purlin (used without dougong)小式抟purlin宋代术语脊（木行）ridged purlin大式脊檩ridged purlin小式脊抟ridged purlin宋代术语金（木行）intermediate purlin大式金檩intermediate purlin小式上中平抟intermediate purlin宋代术语老檐（木行）purlin on hypostyle大、小式，宋代术语正心（木行）eave purlin 大式檐檩eave purlin小式下平抟eave purlin宋代术语额枋architrave(used with dougong)大式檐枋architrave(used with dougong)小式阑额architrave宋代术语 由额垫板cushion board 大式檐垫板cushion board 小式枋tiebeam脊枋 ridge tiebeam上金枋 upper purlin tiebeam下金枋lower purlin tiebeam老檐枋eave tiebeam大式，指檐口构造檐枋eave tiebeam 小式，指檐口构造。