2022年考博英语-首都经济贸易大学考前拔高综合测试题（含答案带详解）第53期.docx

2022年考博英语-首都经济贸易大学考前拔高综合测试题（含答案带详解）1. 单选题Physics is （  ）to the science which was called natural philosophy in history.问题1选项A.alikeB.equivalentC.likelyD.uniform【答案】B【解析】句意:物理学也相当于一门科学，在历史上，这门科学被称为自然哲学考查形容词辨析alike 相同的，相似的；equivalent相等的，相同的；likely可能的，预料的，有希望的；uniform 一致的，统一的故B符合句意2. 单选题No one can function if they are（ ）of adequate sleep.问题1选项A.deprivedB.rippedC.strippedD.contrived【答案】A【解析】动词辨析题A选项deprive“使丧失，剥夺”，常和介词of搭配；B选项rip“撕裂”；C选项strip “剥去”；D选项contrive“谋划，设法做到”句意：如果剥夺了充足的睡眠，没有人能正常工作deprive和strip都有剥夺的意思，但是strip较普遍，多指剥削金钱，土地等物质上的东西。

而deprive除了前面的意思，还可以特指权利，势力等东西所以选项A更符合语境3. 单选题"Museum" is a slippery word.It first meant (in Greek) anything consecrated to the Muses: a hill, a shrine, a garden, a festival or even a textbook.Both Plato's Academy and Aristotle's Lyceum had a mouseion, a muses’ shrine.Although the Greeks already collected detached works of art, many temples ― notably that of Hera at Olympia (before which the Olympic flame is still lit) — had collections of objects, some of which were works of art by well-known masters, while paintings and sculptures in the Alexandrian Museum were incidental to its main purpose.The Romans also collected and exhibited art from disbanded temples, as well as mineral specimens, exotic plants, animals; and they plundered sculptures and paintings (mostly Greek) for exhibition, Meanwhile, the Greek word had slipped into Latin by transliteration (though not to signify picture galleries, which were called pinacothecae) and museum still more or less meant “Muses’ shrine”The inspirational collections of precious and semi-precious objects were kept in larger churches and monasteries — which focused on the gold-enshrined, bejeweled relics of saints and martyrs.Princes, and later merchants, had similar collections, which became the deposits of natural curiosities: large lumps of amber or coral, irregular pearls, unicorn horns, ostrich eggs, fossil bones and so on.They also included coins and gems — often antique engraved ones — as well as, increasingly, paintings and sculptures.As they multiplied and expanded, to supplement them, the skill of the fakers grew increasingly refined.At the same time, visitors could admire the very grandest paintings and sculptures in the churches, palaces and castles; they were not "collected" either, "but site-specific", and were considered an integral part both of the fabric of the buildings and of the way of life which went on inside them — and most of the buildings were public ones.However, during the revival of antiquity in the fifteenth century, fragments of antique sculpture were given higher status than the work of any contemporary, so that displays of antiquities would inspire artists to imitation, or even better, to emulation, and so could be considered Muses' shrines in the former sense.The Medici garden near San Marco in Florence, the Belvedere and the Capitol in Rome were the most famous of such early "inspirational" collections.Soon they multiplied, and gradually, exemplary "modem" works were also added to such galleries.In the seventeenth century, scientific and prestige collecting became so widespread that three or four collectors independently published directories to museums all over the known world.But it was the age of revolutions and industry which produced the next sharp shift in the way the institution was perceived: the fury against royal and church monuments prompted antiquarians to shelter them in asylum galleries, of which the Musee des Monuments Francais was the most famous.Then, in the first half of the nineteenth century, museum funding took off, allied to the rise of new wealth: London acquired the National Gallery and the British Museum, the Louvre was organized, the Museum-Insel was begun in Berlin, and the Munich galleries were built.In Vienna, the huge Kunsthistorisches and Nalurhistorisches Museums took over much of the imperial treasure.Meanwhile, the decline of craftsmanship (and of public taste with it) inspired the creation of "improving" collections.The Victoria and Albert Museum in London was the most famous, as well as perhaps the largest of them.1.The sentence "Museum is a slippery word" in the first paragraph means that（ ）.2.The idea that Museum could mean a mountain or all objects originates from（ ）.3."...the skill of the fakers grew increasingly refined" in the third paragraph means that（ ）.4.Painting and sculptures on display in churches in the 15th century were（ ）.5.Which is the main idea of the passage?问题1选项A.the meaning of the word didn't change until after the 15th centuryB.the meaning of the word had changed over the yearsC.the Greeks held different concepts from the RomansD.princes and merchants added paintings to their collections问题2选项A.the RomansB.FlorenceC.OlympiaD.Greek问题3选项A.there was a great demand for fakers。