
高二英语第四单元Gramma课件.ppt
35页Unit 41高二英语第四单元Gramma2高二英语第四单元Gramma3高二英语第四单元Gramma我们知道在句子中起名词作用的句子我们知道在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句名词性从句的功能相叫名词性从句名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组,它在复合句中能担任当于名词词组,它在复合句中能担任主语主语, 宾语,表语,同位语,介词宾语宾语,表语,同位语,介词宾语等,因此根据它在句中不同的语法功等,因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能,名词从句又可分别称为主语从句,能,名词从句又可分别称为主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句和同位语从句宾语从句,表语从句和同位语从句4高二英语第四单元GrammaRead the two sentences firstly.What it was to become was uncertain until between 4.5 and 3.8 billion years ago……it was not clear whether the shape would last or not.通过观察,我们发现两句当中划线部分通过观察,我们发现两句当中划线部分的句子都在复合句中起名词的作用,因的句子都在复合句中起名词的作用,因此称之为主语从句。
此称之为主语从句5高二英语第四单元Gramma主语从句在复合句中作句子的主语引导主语从句在复合句中作句子的主语引导主语从句的词有主语从句的词有从属连词从属连词that, whether, if;;连接代词连接代词who, whoever, whom, what, whatever, whose, which;;连接副词连接副词when, where, how, why等6高二英语第四单元Gramma观察下列例句,指出其中所包含的主语观察下列例句,指出其中所包含的主语从句及引导词从句及引导词:1. What is needed for a long trip is careful preparation.该句中主语从句是该句中主语从句是 ___________________________,引导词为,引导词为 _____What is needed for a whatlong trip7高二英语第四单元Gramma2. That Jay Zhou will come to my city excites everybody.该句中主语从句是该句中主语从句是 _________________ ______________,引导词为,引导词为_____。
3. Whether we will travel abroad or not has not been decided.该句中主语从句是该句中主语从句是 _________________ __________________,引导词为,引导词为_________That Jay Zhou willWhether we willcome to my city thattravel abroad or notwhether8高二英语第四单元Gramma4. Whoever knows the secret mustn’t tell others.该句中主语从句是该句中主语从句是__________________ ______,引导词为,引导词为________5. It remains a puzzle why dinosaurs died out suddenly long time ago.该句中主语从句是该句中主语从句是________________________________________,引导词为,引导词为_____Whoever knows the whoeverwhy dinosaurs diedwhysecretout suddenly long time ago9高二英语第四单元Gramma【观察总结】【观察总结】 通过分析上面例句,同学们可能会发通过分析上面例句,同学们可能会发现上面第现上面第5句中的主语从句似乎比较隐蔽。
句中的主语从句似乎比较隐蔽其实,这也是主语从句的一种呈现方式,其实,这也是主语从句的一种呈现方式,即:即:当一个句子主语过长时,可以用当一个句子主语过长时,可以用it作作形式主语,而把真正的主语或主语从句后形式主语,而把真正的主语或主语从句后移至句子末尾,以保持句子的平衡移至句子末尾,以保持句子的平衡注意注意观察下列例句中的划线部分:观察下列例句中的划线部分:10高二英语第四单元GrammaIt is not clear how the accident happened.It is not hard to understand why he did so at that time.It is a pity that you should have made such a careless mistake.It is reported that more than thirty deaths were caused in the accident.11高二英语第四单元Gramma不难看出,虽然上面例句中都用不难看出,虽然上面例句中都用it作形式作形式主语,但句子结构却不尽相同现将常主语,但句子结构却不尽相同。
现将常见的由见的由it作形式主语的句型总结如下:作形式主语的句型总结如下:1. It be + n. + that从句从句2. It be + adj. + that从句,常见此类形容从句,常见此类形容词有:词有:important, necessary, clear, certain, natural, strange, obvious, likely, impossible, possible等12高二英语第四单元Gramma3. It+不及物动词不及物动词+that从句从句It seems / appears ... that ... 似乎似乎……It happened (to sb.) that ... (某人)碰巧(某人)碰巧……4. It + be + 过去分词过去分词 + 主语从句主语从句It is said / reported / believed / suggested / known / proved that ...13高二英语第四单元Gramma【要点精讲】【要点精讲】1. what与与that引导主语从句引导主语从句观察下列例句,试着翻译例句并总结观察下列例句,试着翻译例句并总结其规律。
其规律1) What you lack is self-confidence. 译为:译为:_________________________你所缺乏的是自信你所缺乏的是自信14高二英语第四单元Gramma(2) That more and more students are admitted into universities is true.译为:译为:___________________________ ___________________________(3) What is needed for the program is more wisdom. 译为:译为:_____________________________这个项目所需要的是更多的智慧这个项目所需要的是更多的智慧越来越多的学生将被大学录取越来越多的学生将被大学录取的消息是真实的的消息是真实的15高二英语第四单元Gramma从上面例句可以看出,从上面例句可以看出,that引导主语从引导主语从句时,在句中具有句时,在句中具有“两不两不”原则:原则:一、不作句子成分;一、不作句子成分;二、没有实际意义。
二、没有实际意义当它引导的主语从句置于句首时,当它引导的主语从句置于句首时,that不能省略;如果用不能省略;如果用it作形式主语,而把作形式主语,而把主语从句放在句末时,主语从句放在句末时,that可以省略可以省略16高二英语第四单元Gramma而而what引导的从句则恰恰相反,引导的从句则恰恰相反,what在从句中的作用为:在从句中的作用为:一、作句子成分;一、作句子成分;二、除了起到引导从句的作用外还二、除了起到引导从句的作用外还 要承担具体的意义要承担具体的意义17高二英语第四单元Gramma【巩固练习】【巩固练习】 用用what或或that填空1) _____ he told us this morning was just a lie.(2) _____ is important to us is enough time.(3) It worries my mom _____ she is beginning to get a little fat.(4) _____ we can’t get seems better than _____ we have.WhatWhatthatWhatwhat18高二英语第四单元Gramma2. whether与与if引导主语从句引导主语从句 如果主语从句置于句首,不能用如果主语从句置于句首,不能用if引导,此时,需用引导,此时,需用whether。
但如果用但如果用it作形式主语,而把主语从句放在句末作形式主语,而把主语从句放在句末时,也可以用时,也可以用if引导19高二英语第四单元Gramma【巩固练习】【巩固练习】 用用whether或或if填空1) It doesn’t matter ___________ he will come or not.(2) ________ we’ll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.(3) It was doubtful ___________ Tom really saw Sharon.(4) ________ Tom really saw Sharon was doubtful.whether / ifWhetherwhether / ifWhether20高二英语第四单元Gramma3. 其它引导词其它引导词 连接代词连接代词who, which, whom, whose有各自的具体意义,起连接作用,同时有各自的具体意义,起连接作用,同时在从句中充当主语、宾语、表语、定语在从句中充当主语、宾语、表语、定语等;等;whoever, whatever, whichever在意在意义上更为强调,常译为义上更为强调,常译为“无论无论……”;;连接副词连接副词when, where, why, how等也有等也有各自的意义,起连接作用,并在从句中各自的意义,起连接作用,并在从句中作状语。
作状语21高二英语第四单元Gramma【常见错误展示】【常见错误展示】 下列各句均有一处错误,请改正并下列各句均有一处错误,请改正并分析错误的原因分析错误的原因1. Light travels faster than sound is common knowledge.Thatthat虽无词义但引导主语从句位虽无词义但引导主语从句位于句首时不能省略于句首时不能省略22高二英语第四单元Grammaif, whether都可表示都可表示“是否是否”, 但但if不能引导句首主语从句不能引导句首主语从句2. If she’s coming or not doesn’t matter much.Whether23高二英语第四单元Gramma3. That the professor said is of great importance.4. Where will the trees be planted has not been decided.Whatthat引导主语从句时无词义引导主语从句时无词义What the professor said表示表示“教授所说的教授所说的”。
将将will置于置于trees之后主语从句要之后主语从句要用陈述句语序用陈述句语序24高二英语第四单元Gramma5. No matter who breaks the rule will be punished.6. When and where the meeting will be held still remain a question.引导让步状语从句时二者可互换,但引导让步状语从句时二者可互换,但引导名词性从句时只能用引导名词性从句时只能用whoeverWhoever 主语从句表示单一概念时,谓语要用主语从句表示单一概念时,谓语要用单数形式单数形式remains25高二英语第四单元Gramma7. What were your problems a year ago has now become mine.has要改为要改为have主语从句表示复数主语从句表示复数概念时,谓语要用复数形式概念时,谓语要用复数形式have26高二英语第四单元GrammaRewrite the following sentences with noun clauses as the subject. 1. His discovery has not yet been proved. 2. Do the other astronomers accept his ideas? It remains a question.What has not yet been proved is his discovery. Whether the other astronomers accept his ideas remains a question.27高二英语第四单元Gramma3. The first appearance of life on earth is still a mystery to scientists. 4. Why is the earth becoming warmer? It is an important topic for research.How life first appeared on earth is still a mystery to scientists.Why the earth is becoming warmer is an important topic for research.28高二英语第四单元Gramma5. Stephen Hawking at 65 experienced zero gravity during a flight. It amazed everybody.6. Pluto is no longer considered a planet in our solar system. What a surprise!It amazed everybody that Stephen Hawking at 65 experienced zero gravity during a flight.It is a surprise that Pluto is no longer considered a planet in our solar system.29高二英语第四单元Gramma从从A、、B、、C、、D四个选项中,选出可四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
以填入空白处的最佳选项1. It remains to be seen _____ the newly formed committee’s policy can be put into practice. (陕西陕西 2013) A. that B. which C. what D. whether30高二英语第四单元Gramma2. _____ I want to tell you is the deep love and respect I have for my parents. (天津天津2013) A. That B. Which C. Whether D. What31高二英语第四单元Gramma3. _____ makes the book so extraordinary is the creative imagination of the writer. (北京北京2013) A. That B. What C. Who D. Which32高二英语第四单元Gramma4. It is by no means clear _____ the president can do to end the strike. (2012大纲全国卷大纲全国卷I) A. how B. which C. that D. what33高二英语第四单元GrammaFinish Using Structures on Page 64 of the Workbook.34高二英语第四单元Gramma35高二英语第四单元Gramma。












