第一轮语法总复习.docx

Unit 13反意疑问句（一） 概念：反意疑问句又叫附加疑问句它表示提问人寻求同意或没有把握，需要对方证实它由两部分组成：前一部分是一个陈述句，后一部分是一个简短的疑问句（be/ can„/ do, does, did, have, has,had+人称代词主格?），两部分的人称时态应保持一致注意:反义疑问句的否定形式一定要用缩略形式.（二） •反意疑问句的形式1•肯定陈述句,否定疑问句？ They work here, don't they? She was ill yesterday, wasn't she? 2•否定陈述句，肯定疑问句？He can't ride a bike, can he ? You seldom argue with me, do you ?（三） 简单句中的反意疑问句.一.陈述句部分含有否定词（not, no, never, no one /nobody, nothing, hardly/ scarcely, seldom, few, little） 时，反意疑问句部分用肯定结构1・You did nothing wrong, ? 2・The Swede made no answer, 3・Some plants never blow （开花）, ?4.There are few apples in the basket, _5・He can hardly swim, ? 6・They seldom come late, ?7・She rarely speaks to you in English, ?8・It is impossible for him to make such a mistake, ?二陈述句部分是含有带有否定前缀或后缀的词时，反意疑问句部分仍用否定结构。

impossible , impolite, unhappy, unhealthy, unnecessary, useless, dislike, disappear）He looks unhappy,doesn't he?他看上去不高兴，不是吗？The girl dislikes history,doesn't she?这女孩不喜欢历史，不是吗？三. 当陈述句的主语是指示代词this, that时，反意疑问句的主语用it代替；是these, those时，反意疑问句的主语用they代替主语是名词时，反意疑问句的主语必须用人称代词来代替1）That isn't a useful book, ? 2）These are important reading materials, ?3）Your brother has gone to the library, ?四. 当陈述句部分是 everyone/everybody, someone/somebody, no one/nobody, none等不定代词时，反意疑问句部分的主语多用they,但也可用he；是everything, anything, something, nothing等不定代词时, 反意疑问句部分的主语用it・ 1・Nobody came just now, ? 2・Everyone knows the answer, 3・Nobody will go, ? 4・Everything has gone wrong today, 五. 当陈述句部分主语是动名词，不定式，主语从句时反意疑问句部分的主语用it・1・What he has done is helpful to us, ?2・Looking good is important to women, ?3・To help others is a good behavior, ?六. 当陈述句部分是I am…时，反意疑问句部分通常要用aren' t I；I'm late for the meeting, ? I'm not doing well, ?七•当句子以I wish„开头时，反意疑问句用may I ?I wish to achieve high grades this term, ?八.当陈述句部分是“ there be+主语+其它” 结构时，反意疑问部分要用be （not） + thereI. There is something wrong with your watch, ?2・・There will not be any trouble, ?3・ There were many people in the room then, ?九•感叹句的反意疑问句一律使用否定式，并用be的一般现在时形式。

疑问部分用 isn' t/aren' t + 主语1・What colours are they, ? 2・What a smell is it,_3・How hard he works, ?十.当谓语动词是used to时，反意疑问句用used/ did构成 She used to suffer from liver failure, ?十一•当陈述部分有情态动词must,问句有4种情况：(1) mustn't表示“禁止，不可”时，附加问句通常要用must.You mustn't stop your car here,must you?你不能把车停在这地方，知道吗？(2) must表示“有必要”时，附加问句通常要用needn't.They must finish the work today,needn't they?他们今天要完成这项工作，是吗？(3)当must用来表示对现在的情况进行推测时,问句通常要根据must后面的动词采用相应的形式 He must be good at english,isn't he?他英语一定学得很好，是吗？(4 )当must+have done表示对过去的情况进行推测(一般句中有明确的过去时间状语)，问句要 根据陈述部分谓语的情况用“didn't+主语”或“wasn't/weren't+主语”；如果强调动作的完成(一般没有 明确的过去时间状语)，问句要用“haven't/hasn't+主语”。

She must have read the novel last week,didn't she?她上星期一定读了这本小说，是吗？You must have told her about it,haven't you? 你一定把这事告诉她了，是吗？总结：当谓语动词含有must(表推测''一定，准是”)时,要根据其后动词的时态来确定反意疑问句是 动词原形则是一般现在时，是have done则是现在完成时，是have done且有过去的时间，则是过去时.I. Your mother must be an actress, ?2・He must know the answer, ?3. The thief must have entered through the back door,4. You must have seen the film last week, ?十二.当陈述句部分含有“had better/ ought to /would rather+动原”时，疑问部分用"hadn' t+主语/ oughtn' t (shouldn' t) / wouldn' t+主语”1. You'd better go to school now, ?2. He ought to know what to do,3. He would rather read it ten times than recite it, ?十三•陈述部分有have表示“拥有”的意思时用do/have的形式，否者用do形式。

have /had to + v,疑问部分常用don't +主语(didn't +主语)1) Mary has two books, ?2) They all had a good tome , 3) We have to get there at eight tomorrow, ?4) They had to cross the busy street, ?have a good time, have a meeting, have a rest, have a walk , have a fever , have a good laugh about/over, have something to do with ,have fun 十四.当陈述句部分是祈使句时，①省去主语的祈使句的反意疑问句，疑问部分用will you② 带称谓的祈使句，反意部分用will you・③ Let's开头的祈使句，后用shall we?Let us开头的祈使句，后用will you?I.Open the door, 2・Don't open the door , 3・-Alice, you feed the bird, -But I fed it yesterday.A. do you B. will you C. didn't you D. don't you4・Let „s go shopping , ?5.Let us go shopping , ?(四) 主从复合句结构中反意疑问句的运用。

一.陈述句部分是主从复合句时，反意疑问句部分的代词和助动词应与主句中的主语和动词保持一致I. You don't know that the teacher is from Japan, ?2.She is a professor who is learned and warm-hearted, ? 二 在think,believe,suppose, imagine, expect等动词后接宾语从句构成的主从复合句在构成反意疑问 句时，视情况不同有两种不同的构成方式1.)当主句的主语为第一人称时，其后的简短问句应与从句相一致例如：I expect our English teacher will be back this weekend, won't she/he?当否定转移到主句时，仍属否定句，故其后的简短问句应用肯定式例如：I don't believe that he can translate this book, can he?We don't imagine the twins have arrived, have they?此类句子的回答同"前否后肯"型反意疑问句一样，如上述后一个句子，若双胞胎已经到了，贝u回答 为"Yes, they have."；若尚未到达，使用"No, they haven't."o⑵.当主句的主语为第二、三人称时，其后的简短问句则应与主句相一致（此时，否定只看主句，与 从句无关..^）。

例如：Your sister supposes she needs no help, doesn't she?You thought they could have completed the project, didn't you?We suppose you have finished the project, haven't you?They don't believe she's an engineer, do they?She doesn't expect that we are coming so soon, does she?(3)但如果主句的时态是过去时等等，疑问句应和。