(完整版)英语代词的用法整编.doc

英语代词的用法全归纳一、定义与分类代词是代替名词及起名词作用的短语或句子的词代词根据其意思和用法可分为人称代词、 物主代词、反身代词、指示代词、相互代词、疑问代词、连接代词、关系代词、不定代词九 类综观历年高考情况，在这九类代词中，不定代词一直是高考英语的重点二：人称代词，物主代词，反身代词用法概 述这三种代词都有人称（一、二、三人称）的变化、数（单、复数）的变化，以及性（阴性、 阳性、中性）的变化其中，人称代词除了这三种变化外，还有格（主格、宾格）的变化物主代词又包括两种形式： 形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词 特别注意：形容词性物主代词its没有相应的名词性物主代词这三种代词的形式变化表如下：人称单复数主格宾格形容词性 物主代词名词性 物主代词反身代词第一人称单数Imemymi nemyself复数weusouroursourselves第二人称单数youyouyouryoursyourself复数youyouyouryoursyourselves第三人称单数hehimhishishimselfsheherherhersherselfititits无itself复数theythemtheirtheirsthemselves三、人称代词的用法1） 定义：人称代词是用来指代人、动物或事物的代词。

它必须在人称（第一人称、第二人称、 及第三人称）、数（单数、复数）以及性（阴性、阳性、中性）三方面与被指代的名词一致女口： I am a student. Tom is a boy, and he is a student.Mary is very pretty, and she likes singing.The boys are students, and they are in the room.The doy is small. It_is Tom's.2） 人称代词的句法功能A） 人称代词有主格和宾语之分：主格用作主语，宾格用作宾语B） 人称代词的主格形式在在句中作主语和表语如：I like music（主语）. She is a teacher.主语）She and I are good friends（主语）.Neither she nor I am stude nt. I saw the boys this morning. Are you sure it was they（表语）?It might have bee n she.C）人称代词的宾格在句子作动词的宾语，或者介词的宾语。

如：I saw him at the party（宾语）.I have n't see n them recen tly.（宾语）I bought a book for them.（作介词宾语）=I bought them a book.（间接宾语）☆注意：a. 在口语中，人称代词的主格形式作表语时，常常可以用宾格替换如：It can't be he/him. Is this Mr. Gree n? Yes, this is he/him.b. 在口语中，当人称代词用于 tha n, as之后或用于强调句中被强调时，用主格 （较正式）和宾格（较口语化）均可以如：He sings better than I/me.他比我唱得好You know more tha n she/her.She is as tall as me （I am）.c. 单独使用的人称代词通常用宾格，即使它充当的是主语也是如此如："I like English. ” =I likM eEtigiish too . ” 我喜欢英语我也喜欢——Who did it? Them.（=They did it）人称代词的易错点请看看下面这道题：To save class time, our teacher has students do half of the exercises in class andcomplete the other half for our homework.A. us B. we C. our D. ours此题答案选A ,易错点一 忽略人称代词后接名词作同位语的用法1. It ' s necessary for students to be constantly reminded of our shortcomings.A. us B. we C. our D. ourss guests.2. The boss wants girls to go to the airport to pick up the compa nyA. you B. your C. yours D. yourself易错点二 忽略人称代词在口语中的特殊用法和固定表达口语中表示"我也一样”时，可用 me too;表示"我也一样不 ”时，可用 me either或me n either。

如：—I' d like to go back in here.我想回到这里来—Me too.我也想—I don ' t like horror movies.我不喜欢恐怖片—Me neither.我也不喜欢—I don ' t have any money right now. 我现在没有一分钱—Me either.我也一样类似地，若要表示“我们也一样”，则可用us too如：—I' m glad it' s Friday.我很高兴今天是星期五—Us too!我们也高兴！—I don ' t feel lik going out this evening.—Me n either.A. Me too B. Me also C. Me other D. Me neither.注：单独使用的人称代词通常用宾格，即使它代表主语时也是如此如：“I like English. ” “Me too.” "我喜欢英语"我也喜欢易错点三忽略人称代词与名词性物主代词的细节区别请看下面几道题：1. — Whose teleph one rang?A. Me was B. Me did C. Mine was D. Mi ne did答案选D。

2. a partn ership based on mutual respect, trust and un dersta nding.A. They were B. They being C. Theirs was D. Theirs being答案选Co易错点四 忽略人称代词与关系代词的区别1. Last week, only two people came to look at the house, wan ted to buy it.( 安徽卷)A. none of them B. both of them C. none of whom D. n either of whom答案选D o2. It is reported that two schools, are being built in my hometow n, will ope n next year.A. they both B. which both C. both of them D. both of which答案选D o(1) He wrote a lot of no vels, many of were tran slated into foreig n Ian guages.A. it B. them C. which D. that(2) He wrote a lot of no vels, and many of were tran slated into foreig n Ian guages.A. it B. them C. which D. that三、物主代词的用法英语代词用法详解•物主代词1. 两种物主代词物主代词有形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词两种。

形容词性物主代词就相当于一个形容词，在句子中只能做句子的定语， 对名词进行修饰和限制； 而名词性物主代词则相当于一个 名词，在句子中可做主语、宾语、和表语形式如下表：人称单复数形容词性 物主代词名词性 物主代词第一人称单数mymi ne复数ourours第二人称单数youryours复数youryours第三人称单数hishisherhersits无复数theirtheirs2. 物主代词用法（1）名词性物主代词A） 名词性物主代词后不能跟名词，或代词 one它总是单独出现在句中 如： The umbrella is mine.He likes my pen. He doesn 't like hers.B） 名词性物主代词 =形容词性物主代词 +名词为避免重复使用名词，有时可用 “名词性物主代词 ”来代替 “形容词性物主代词 +名词 ”的形 式如： My bag is yellow, her bag is red, his bag is blue and your bag is pink.为避免重复使用 bag，可写成 My bag is yellow, hers is red, his is blue and yours is pink.C） 名词性的物主代词在用法上相当于省略了中心名词的 --'s属格结构.如： Jack's cap 意为 The cap is Jack's.His cap 意为 The cap is his.D） 可以说 a friend of mine （ours, yours, hers, his, theirs） ， =one of my friends ；但是不能说 a friend of me （us, you, her, him, them） 。

如：Your English is better than my English. = Your English is better than mine. 你的英语比我的英语 好2） 有时，汉语中用物主代词，而英语中却要用定冠词如：He hit her in the face. 他打在她的脸上 （其中的 the 不宜改为 her）try one's best 尽力 hold one's breath 屏息 in one's best 穿着节日盛装 save （one' s） face（挽回面子）；而有的 s heart（倾心于）3） 英语中有许多习惯用语要用物主代词如：lose heart（灰心）与 lose one'do one' s best 尽力 earn one' s bread 维持生活 eat one' s words 收回前言 注：有的习语用不用物主代词均可，且意义相同，如 习语用不用物主代词均可，但意义不同，如3、物主代词与 own 连用（1） 为了强调，有时可在物主代词后加上 own 一词如：Mind y。