省略句的5种类型考查指数ppt课件.ppt
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省略句的省略句的5种种类型型 调查指数指数★★★★★★种种类要点要点归纳典句例示典句例示宾语从从句句 由由which, when, where或或how引引导的的宾语从从句句中中与与主主句句重重复复的的主主语及及谓语可可全全部部或或部部分分省省略略，，只只保保留留一一个个连接代接代词或或连接副接副词He will come back, but he doesn’t know when (he will come back).宾语从从句句 引引导宾语从从句句的的从从属属连词that可可省省略略但但及及物物动词后后跟跟两两个个或或两两个个以以上上that引引导的的宾语从从句句时，，只只有有第第一一个个连词that可省略可省略He told me (that) she was a beautiful girl and that she was clever. 种种类要点要点归纳典句例示典句例示宾语从从句句I’m afraid, I think, I believe, I hope, I guess等等作作答答语，，后后面面so与与not分分别等等于于肯肯定定和和否否定定，，宾语从从句可省略。
句可省略 （注意回答）（注意回答）—Do you think it will rain? —I hope not (that it will not rain). 种类种类 要点归纳要点归纳 典句例示典句例示 定语定语从句从句 在限制性定语从句中，在限制性定语从句中，关系代词关系代词that, which, whom充当宾语，而且充当宾语，而且前面无介词时可省略前面无介词时可省略关系代词在从句中作表关系代词在从句中作表语时也可省略语时也可省略 He lost the watch (that/which) he bought yesterday. 关系副词关系副词when, where, why有时也可省略有时也可省略 That’s the very reason (why) I want to go abroad. the way, the time后的后的定语从句，常省略关系定语从句，常省略关系词词 ①①I don’t like the way (that/in which) he speaks to others. ②②I don’t know the time (when) he arrived. 种类种类 要点归纳要点归纳 典句例示典句例示 状状语从句从句 当状语从句的主语和当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致或从主句的主语一致或从句的主语为句的主语为it且从句且从句谓语中有谓语中有be动词时，动词时，可以省略状语从句中可以省略状语从句中的主语和的主语和be动词。
动词 ①①Please come here as soon as (it is) possible. ②②She won’t come to the party unless (she is) invited. ③③Though (they were) tired, they went on walking. 虚拟虚拟语气语气 在虚拟条件句中，如在虚拟条件句中，如含有含有had, were, should等助动词，等助动词，if可省略，句子要用倒可省略，句子要用倒装装 Were I (=If I were) twenty now, I would join the army. 种类种类 要点归纳要点归纳典句例示典句例示动动词词不不定定式式 不定不定式符式符号号to的省的省略略 感官动词或使役感官动词或使役动词动词(如如feel, see, hear, notice, let, make, have等等)后后接不定式作宾语接不定式作宾语补足语时省略补足语时省略to I heard someone sing in the next room. 在在do nothing but, can’t help but, why not, would rather. . . than. . . ; prefer to do. . . rather than. . . 等等句型中省略句型中省略to。
①①He did nothing but wait all the time. ②②Rather than ride on a crowded bus, he always prefers to ride a bicycle. 种类种类 要点归纳要点归纳典句例示典句例示动动词词不不定定式式不不定定式式省省略略 使用不定式符号使用不定式符号to来代来代替不定式后被省略的替不定式后被省略的动词，常在动词，常在be afraid, expect, forget, hope, intend, like, love, mean, prefer, refuse, seem, try, want, wish等等后面 I asked him to see the film, but he didn’t want to. 在某些形容词在某些形容词glad, happy, pleased, delighted等后面 —Will you join in the game? —I’d be glad to. 如果不定式中含有如果不定式中含有be, have, have been, 通常通常保留保留be, have和和have been 。
—Are you a sailor? —No, but I used to be. 强强调的的2种种类型型 调查指数指数★★★★★★种类种类 要点归纳要点归纳 典句例示典句例示 强强调调句句 It is/was. . . that/who可以对可以对除谓语以外的成分进行强调除谓语以外的成分进行强调当强调部分为当强调部分为“人人”时，可时，可用用that或或who, 其他情况下用其他情况下用that It was him that we met at the school gate. 在强调句中，当强调主语时，在强调句中，当强调主语时，其后的谓语动词应和其主语其后的谓语动词应和其主语在人称和数上保持一致在人称和数上保持一致 ①①It is White and Betty who often do good deeds for the old lady. ②②It is only I who/that am willing to go to see the film. 种类种类 要点归纳要点归纳 典句例示典句例示 强强调调句句如果原句的谓语动词是现在时如果原句的谓语动词是现在时或将来时，强调句结构须用：或将来时，强调句结构须用： It is. . . that/who. . . ; 如原句的如原句的谓语动词是过去时态，则其结谓语动词是过去时态，则其结构须用构须用It was. . . that/who. . . 。
①①It was I who saw him in the street yesterday afternoon. ②②What is it that you want me to do? “not. . . until. . . ”句型的强调句型的强调结构为结构为“It is/was not until. . . that. . . ” It was not until 11 o’clock last night that he went to bed. 强调句型的一般疑问句形式：强调句型的一般疑问句形式：Is/Was it+被强调部分被强调部分+that/who+其他成分其他成分 Was it in 1939 that the Second World War broke out? 强调句的特殊疑问句句型为：强调句的特殊疑问句句型为：疑问词疑问词+is/was+it +that/who. . . ? Where was it that you met Jack yesterday? 种种类 要点要点归纳 典句例示典句例示 谓语动词的的强强调 do/does/did+动词原形原形 。
Do come here this evening. “never+助助动词do”也常用也常用来表示来表示强强调一般意为“从来没有，决不从来没有，决不” I never did like her, you know. 强强调句型与句型与3大从句的辨析大从句的辨析 调查指数指数★★★★★★★★类型类型 区别区别 典句例示典句例示 与主语从句与主语从句的区别的区别 强调句型去掉强调句型去掉It is/was. . . that. . . 之后，句子结构之后，句子结构仍然完整，而主仍然完整，而主语从句却不能语从句却不能 ①①It is there that accidents often happen. ②②It is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language. (强调句强调句)(主语从句主语从句) 类型类型 区别区别 典句例示典句例示 与定语从句与定语从句的区别的区别 强调句中强调句中that 没有没有意义，且不作任何意义，且不作任何成分，而定语从句成分，而定语从句中中that为关系代词，为关系代词，在从句中充当主语、在从句中充当主语、宾语或表语。
宾语或表语 ①①It is novels that Miss William enjoys reading. ②②It is a question that needs careful consideration. 与状语从句与状语从句的区别的区别 强调句型去掉强调句型去掉It is/was. . . that后，后，结构完整，而结构完整，而It is. . . when. . . 中，中，it指代时间指代时间 ①①It was at six o’clock that I got up today. ②②It was six o’clock when I got up today. (强调句强调句)(定语从句定语从句)(强调句强调句)(状语从句状语从句) 考点考点5 其他重要的特殊句式其他重要的特殊句式 调查指数指数★★★★类型类型 要点归纳要点归纳 典句例示典句例示 反反意意疑疑问问句句 陈述陈述部分部分含有含有must 当当must作作“必须必须”讲讲时，其反意疑问词用时，其反意疑问词用needn’t；当含有；当含有mustn’t(不允许、禁不允许、禁止止)时，其反意疑问时，其反意疑问词用词用must/may。
①①You must go now, needn’t you? ②②You mustn’t smoke here, must/may you? 当当must表示推测时，表示推测时，其反意疑问词同去掉其反意疑问词同去掉must还原之后的句子还原之后的句子所使用的反意疑问词所使用的反意疑问词 （注意区分）（注意区分）①①You must have heard about it, haven’t you? ②②You must have watched that football match last night, didn’t you? 类型类型 要点归纳要点归纳 典句例示典句例示 反意反意疑问疑问句句 陈述部分含有陈述部分含有used to 其反意疑问词其反意疑问词用用usedn’t 或或didn’t You used to sleep with the windows open, usedn’t /didn’t you? 陈述部分含有陈述部分含有ought to 其反意疑问词其反意疑问词用用oughtn’t或或shouldn’t He ought to attend the lecture, oughtn’t/shouldn’t he? 陈述部分含有陈述部分含有否定词或半否否定词或半否定词定词 。
seldom,hardly,few,little,no,never））反意疑问部分反意疑问部分的动词用肯定的动词用肯定形式形式 He could hardly walk without a stick, could he? 类型类型 要点归纳要点归纳 典句例示典句例示 反反意意疑疑问问句句 陈述部分含陈述部分含有由表示否有由表示否定意义的前定意义的前缀构成的词缀构成的词 其反意疑问部分的动词其反意疑问部分的动词一般用否定形式一般用否定形式 Tom dislikes playing tennis, doesn’t he? 当陈述部分当陈述部分带有宾语从带有宾语从句时句时 疑问部分的主语与助动疑问部分的主语与助动词常和主句保持一致，词常和主句保持一致，但如果主句的谓语动词但如果主句的谓语动词是是think, believe, suppose, guess, expect, imagine等，且主语为等，且主语为第一人称时，疑问部分第一人称时，疑问部分的主语和时态与宾语从的主语和时态与宾语从句的主语和时态保持一句的主语和时态保持一致致 ①①He said that he would come to my birthday party, didn’t he? ②②I don’t believe he will succeed, will he? 类型类型 要点归纳要点归纳 典句例示典句例示 反反意意疑疑问问句句 以以let开头开头的祈使句。
的祈使句表示表示“建议建议”（包括（包括说话人和听话人双方）说话人和听话人双方）时，疑问部分用时，疑问部分用shall we;表示表示“请示请示”（不包括听话人）（不包括听话人）时，疑问部分用时，疑问部分用will youLet’s go home now, shall we?Let us help you, will you? 反义疑问句中人称变化反义疑问句中人称变化1.everything,anything,nothing,something时时, 附加疑问句中附加疑问句中主语用主语用it. Everything is ready, isn't it? Something is wrong with your bike, isn't it? 2.this,that,或或those, these时，附加疑问句中主语用时，附加疑问句中主语用it和和they. This is my desk, isn't it? Those aren't your books, are they? 3. everyone，，everybody，，someone，，somebody等，附加疑等，附加疑问句中主语普通用问句中主语普通用he/they. Everyone is here, is he/are they? Somebody is singing, is he? 4.不定式，动名词，其他短语，附加疑问句中主语普通用不定式，动名词，其他短语，附加疑问句中主语普通用it。
Doing morning exercises is good for people's health, isn't it? To be a teacher is my dream, isn't it? 5.在在here be句型中，附加疑问句中主语普通用句型中，附加疑问句中主语普通用be/情态动词情态动词/助动词助动词+ thereThere is a cup of tea on the desk, isn't it? There aren't any apples in the fridge, are there? 类型类型 要点归纳要点归纳 典句例示典句例示 祈祈使使句句 否定式否定式 在动词前面加在动词前面加don’t Don’t be so sure. 强调式强调式 肯定句在其前加肯定句在其前加do, 否否定句在其前加定句在其前加never ①①Do come on time this evening. ②②Never come late! 带有主语带有主语的祈使句的祈使句 为了加强语气或特别为了加强语气或特别指明向谁提出命令或指明向谁提出命令或要求、吩咐几个人分要求、吩咐几个人分头做几件事时须加主头做几件事时须加主语语“you”, 有时还可有时还可同时加称呼语同时加称呼语 。
Tom, you water the flowers! You, girls, clean the desks; you, boys, sweep the floor. 祈使句祈使句+and/or+陈述句陈述句 陈述句往往用一般将陈述句往往用一般将来时来时 Work hard and you will succeed. 类型类型 要点归纳要点归纳 典句例示典句例示 感叹句感叹句 How +形容词形容词/副词副词+主主语语+谓语！谓语！ How fast he is running! How+形容词形容词+a/an+可可数名词单数数名词单数+主语主语+谓谓语！语！ How difficult a problem it is! How+主语主语+谓语！谓语！ How time flies! What+a/an+形容词形容词+可可数名词单数数名词单数+主语主语+谓谓语！语！ What a clever boy he is! 类型类型 要点归纳要点归纳 典句例示典句例示 感叹句感叹句 What+形容词形容词+不可数不可数名词名词+主语主语+谓语！谓语！ What sweet water it is! What+形容词形容词+复数名复数名词词+主语主语+谓语！谓语！ What beautiful flowers these are! What+名词名词+主语主语+谓谓语！语！ What news it is! 替代1.替代词替代词one替代词替代词one用来替代与前面提到的用来替代与前面提到的“同类〞人或物，只同类〞人或物，只能指代单数可数名词，表示泛指。
能指代单数可数名词，表示泛指例：例：Father gave me a very valuable present, one (= a present) that I had never seen.父亲送了我一件非常珍贵的礼物，是件我从来没有见过父亲送了我一件非常珍贵的礼物，是件我从来没有见过的礼物 2.替代词替代词ones替代词替代词ones用来替代与前面提到的用来替代与前面提到的“同类〞人或物，同类〞人或物，是是one的复数方式，只能用于复数名词，表示泛指的复数方式，只能用于复数名词，表示泛指例：例：Our teacher gave me many toys, ones (= many ones) that were given away by the residents in Beijing.教师给了我很多礼物，是北京当地居民赠送教师给了我很多礼物，是北京当地居民赠送的 3.替代词替代词the one替代词替代词the one用来替代与前面提到的表示特指的用来替代与前面提到的表示特指的“同类同类〞〞 人或物，用于单数名词但有时可用人或物，用于单数名词但有时可用that来交换〔尤来交换〔尤其是在有后置定语的情况下〕。
其是在有后置定语的情况下〕例：例：The book on the desk is better than the one (= the book) under the desk.放在桌面上的那本书要比放在桌下的那本有趣得多放在桌面上的那本书要比放在桌下的那本有趣得多4.替代词替代词that替代词替代词that用来替代与前面提到的表示特指的用来替代与前面提到的表示特指的“同类〞人或同类〞人或物，指代单数可数名词或不可数名词，相当于物，指代单数可数名词或不可数名词，相当于“the + 单数单数/不可数名词〞，其后常与定语连用不可数名词〞，其后常与定语连用例：例：Few pleasures can equal that (= the pleasure) of a cool drink on a hot day.没有什么高兴能比上炎热的天气里一份冷饮所带来的高兴没有什么高兴能比上炎热的天气里一份冷饮所带来的高兴The population of Shanghai is larger than that of Fuzhou.上海的人口比福州的人口多上海的人口比福州的人口多 5.替代词替代词the ones替代词替代词the ones用来替代与前面提到的表示特指的用来替代与前面提到的表示特指的“同同类〞人或物，指代复数名词。
但有时可用类〞人或物，指代复数名词但有时可用those来交换来交换〔尤其是在有后置定语的情况下〕〔尤其是在有后置定语的情况下〕例：例：The boys don’t like the green apples, but they like the red ones.这些男孩子不喜欢青苹果，而喜欢红苹果这些男孩子不喜欢青苹果，而喜欢红苹果The magazines on the desk are better than those /the ones(= the books) on the shelf.摆在桌子上的杂志比摆在书架上的杂志好摆在桌子上的杂志比摆在书架上的杂志好6.替代词替代词those替代词替代词those用来替代与前面提到的是用来替代与前面提到的是“同类〞，表示同类〞，表示特指的人或物，是特指的人或物，是that的复数方式，相当于的复数方式，相当于the ones或或the + 复数名词，与后置定语连用复数名词，与后置定语连用例：例：The desks of our class are much newer than those of Class Two. 7.替代词替代词it替代词替代词it用来替代与前面提到的表示特指的用来替代与前面提到的表示特指的“同一同一〞人或物，指代单数可数或不可数名词。
复数方〞人或物，指代单数可数或不可数名词复数方式是式是they，作主语；假设作宾语时，指代复数，，作主语；假设作宾语时，指代复数，那么用那么用them；指代单数，那么用；指代单数，那么用it例：例：Yesterday I bought a dictionary, and I like it very much.昨天我买了一本字典，特喜欢〔指同一本字典昨天我买了一本字典，特喜欢〔指同一本字典〕〕 1. (2019·郑州州模模拟) —Will you go to see the movie The Lion Roars Ⅱ tomorrow evening? —No, I am going to a lecture, or at least I am planning ______. A. to B. so C. go D. thatA2. (2019·江西模拟江西模拟) —You ought to have made an apology to Tom yesterday evening. —Yes, I know I ______. A. ought to have B. have toC. should D. must haveA3. (2019·烟台模拟烟台模拟)—You should apologize to her，，Barry. —______，，but it’s not going to be easy. A. I suppose so B. I feel soC. I prefer to D. I like toA 4. (2019·青青岛模模拟)—Jack bought a new mobile phone the other day. —______？？ That’s his third one in just one month. A. Had he B. Did heC. Does he D. Has heB5. (2019·吉林模拟吉林模拟)—______ made Daisy wild with joy? —Her success in the A-level exam this year. A. How was it that B. When was it thatC. Why was it that D. What was it thatD6. (2019·菏泽模拟菏泽模拟)It ______ we had stayed together for a couple of weeks ______ I found we had a lot in common. A. was until; when B. was until; thatC. wasn’t until; when D. wasn’t until; thatD 。
